Pelvic Skeleton

Pelvic Skeleton

Transcript

1. PELVIC SKELETON EDSCI 111: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
2. PELVIS The pelvis (pl.: pelves or pelvises) is the lower part of the trunk, between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region), together with its embedded skeleton (sometimes also called bony pelvis, or pelvic skeleton).
3. The pelvic region includes several structures: the bony pelvis, the pelvic cavity, the pelvic floor, and the perineum. The bony pelvis (pelvic skeleton) is the part of the skeleton embedded in the pelvic region of the trunk. It is subdivided into the pelvic girdle and the pelvic spine. STRUCTURE
4. The pelvic girdle is composed of the appendicular hip bones (ilium, ischium, and pubis) oriented in a ring, and connects the pelvic region of the spine to the lower limbs. The pelvic spine consists of the sacrum and coccyx. BONY PELVIS BONY PELVIS
5. The skeleton of the human pelvis: 2–4. Hip bone (os coxae) 1. Sacrum (os sacrum), 2. Ilium (os ilium), 3. Ischium (os ischii) 4. Pubic bone (os pubis) (4a. corpus, 4b. ramus superior, 4c. ramus inferior, 4d. tuberculum pubicum) 5. Pubic symphysis, 6. Acetabulum (of the hip joint), 7. Obturator foramen, 8. Coccyx/tailbone (os coccygis) Dotted. Linea terminalis of the pelvic brim. PELVIC BONE
6. PELVIC REGION CAN BE SUBDIVIDED INTO TWO:
7. The pelvic cavity, typically defined as a small part of the space enclosed by the bony pelvis, delimited by the pelvic brim above and the pelvic floor below; alternatively, the pelvic cavity is sometimes also defined as the whole space enclosed by the pelvic skeleton. PELVIC CAVITY
8. Pelvic Inlet The pelvic inlet marks the boundary between the greater pelvis and lesser pelvis. Its size is defined by its edge, the pelvic brim. Pelvic Outlet The pelvic outlet is located at the end of the lesser pelvis, and the beginning of the pelvic wall.
9. Pelvic Outlet The pelvic outlet is located at the end of the lesser pelvis, and the beginning of the pelvic wall.
11. PELVIC FLOOR
12. P E R I N E U M
13. TYPE OF PELVIS Male Type Pelvis Female Type Pelvis
14. ADAPTATION TO CHILDBIRTH The majority of women have a gynaecoid pelvis, as opposed to the male android pelvis. The slight differences in their structures creates a greater pelvic outlet, adapted to aid the process of childbirth.
16. OSTEITIS PUBIS Osteitis pubis is an inflammation of the pubic symphysis, the slightly moveable joint of the front of the pelvis. Characterized by pain in the groin and tenderness over the front of the pelvis, this condition often is caused by repeated pelvis stress, such as kicking the ball in soccer.
17. OSTEITIS PUBIS
18. CASE STUDY We present a case of a 35-year-old female of the Indian subcontinent who had complaints of pain in left hip and limp since 1 year. The first clinical and radiological diagnosis was tuberculosis of the hip. However, higher imaging modalities revealed the diagnosis of hydatid disease of hip. The patient underwent surgical debridement and anti- helminthic chemotherapy. At 3-year follow-up, the patient was disease- free.
19. HYATID DISEASE Bone hydatidosis is difficult to treat and carries high morbidity due to frequent recurrences, especially in certain locations such as ilium and hip, where radical surgery is difficult. Axial and coronal sections of non-contrast computed tomography of pelvis showing large multiseptated cystic lesion with osseous destruction. Multiple small bony fragments are seen within the cysts.
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