A Basic Introduction on Quantum Computers

Introduction and opportunities with quantum computing.

Transcript

1. Quantum Computing Basics and Opportunities! 1
2. about me Riswan Lathif Informatics (M.Sc) Student - TUM Backend Engineer - KI Labs 2
3. QuantumComputing is using Quantum principles and like superposition entanglement for computing! 3
4. Agenda 4 • Basics • Why Quantum Computing • What it is • What it is not • Opportunities • Lets see Quantum computing in action
5. Lets start with the very basic 5 HOW DOES A CLASSICAL COMPUTER WORK? We have a 0 We have a 1 And then everything is done ! We have 2 states, stored in bits and we manipulate the bits using logical gates Bits are stored in registers and they are changed by so called Transistors
6. Still the very basic 6 Now transistors are interesting…. They are getting smaller and smaller - The phone in your hand would have occupied this whole building 50 years ago!!!
7. How small a transistor can get? 7 An Atom! Now things get crazy when we go sub-atomic! Why? Normal laws of Physics no longer apply!
8. Now things get crazy! 8 Laws of everyday physics do not apply when we go subatomic! So what do we do now? Use it to our advantage ofcourse!
9. Bye Boolean algebra! No more 0 or 1 ! 9 Hello Quantum Computers;
10. Quantum Computing Basics 10 Things can exist simultaneously in different states in Quantum realm Remember Particle-Wave duality
11. Qbit 11 A qbit can store: a 0 a 1 both 0 and 1 Infinite number of values between 0 and 1 Infinite multiple states at the same time A quantum bit How is this possible ? > Superposition
12. Superposition 12 A phenomenon where two states can exist at the same time, imagine Schrodinger's cat If n is the number of qbits, then the the number of computations in a single step is 2^n This is TRUE parallelization
13. Quantum Entanglement 13 Simply the phenomenon of knowing the state of one particle by knowing the state of another “entangled” particle
14. Enough Theory! 14
15. What Quantum Computers do we have ? 15 IBM ( 50 Qbits) Google Bristlecone (72 Qbits) IBM’s bluemix (5qbits we ll be playing on it later)
16. Quantum Supremacy 16 “Proof that Quantum computers can surpass Classical Supercomputers” Not yet proven. But a 100 Qbit Quantum computer can totally outperform Every single supercomputer in the planet combined - Theoretically! We have simulated entire functionality of a molecule - Beryllium Hydride with 6 qbits
17. Why we need Quantum Computers 17 They are energy efficient We wont have enough power to run all the computers by 2040 and so much energy is wasted in flipping bits Conventional Computers can only solve one thing at a time Quantum computers achieve true parallelization They can solve Intractable problems Two Words: Prime Factorization
18. Quantum Cryptography 18 With quantum computers - Public Key cryptography would be no longer valid Which means your phone, your bank, your email ⇒ Everything would be broken Not intractible anymore huh?
19. So what? 19 These are the following opportunities: Create new algorithms Create new architectures Basically an open playground Ever wanted an algorithm named after yourself? Now is the chance!
20. Problems 20 Quantum Interference - de-coherence Error Correction Output Observerance ( Grover’s Algorithm)
21. Can we replace our computers with Quantum computers? 21 Quantum computers are NOT a replacement for classical computers They are superfast in only a certain classes of problems : Those which require massive parallelization They suck in almost other problems - e.g addition
22. Lets do some real stuff 22 Demos
23. Questions? 23 Thanks! ASK A PHYSICIST !!!