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右手にDevOpsハンドブック左手にクックブック / DevOpsDays_takahashi
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April 22, 2022
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右手にDevOpsハンドブック左手にクックブック / DevOpsDays_takahashi
2022/04/22_DevOpsDays Tokyo 2022での、高橋の講演資料になります
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April 22, 2022
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Transcript
ӈखʹ%FW0QTϋϯυϒοΫ ࠨखʹΫοΫϒοΫ 1PPI4VOOZ "QSJM %FW0QT%BZT5PLZP
͜Μʹͪʂ
w ࣗݾհ w ߴڮཅଠ 1PPI4VOOZ w ʢגʣϦΫϧʔτͰΤϯδχΞϦϯάϚωʔδϟʔ w ϓϩηεվળ͕͖
w ࠺ɺଉࢠਓ খ খ ɺ່ҰਓʢτΠϓʔυϧࡀʣ
IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPN SFDSVJUFOHJOFFSTTDSVNGFTU PTBLB IUUQTXXXSFDSVJUDPKQUBMLTSFDSVJU@WPJDF LBNPNFIUNM IUUQTBUNBSLJUJUNFEJBDPKQBJUTFSJFT ࠺͕ؒΞϝϦΧग़ு͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΓ·ͯ͠ ͦͷ࣌ͷՈࣄܦݧΛ 4'0Ͱൃදͨ͠Β ࣾʹϧʔϓόοΫ
͞ΕͨΓ ࣾ֎Ͱ࿈ࡌ͍͍ͨͩ ͨΓͯ͠·͢
IUUQTBUNBSLJUJUNFEJBDPKQBJUBSUJDMFTOFXTIUNM ࿈ࡌୈೋճͰ·ͨ͠ʂ
͋Δҙຯ͜ͷऔΓΈ ʮ%FW0QTʯ ͱݴ͑Δ͔͠Εͳ͍ʁ
ޙஊ 21.3 DevOpsΧϯϑΝϨϯεͰࣗͷܦݧΛڞ༗͢Δ %FW0QTϋϯυϒοΫʹ༐ؾΛΒ͍͖ͬͯ·ͨ͠
͋͘·Ͱ ʮJONZDPOUFYUʯ ͷ͓ ʢԿ͕߹͏͔ਓͦΕͧΕʣ
ΑΖ͓͘͠ئ͍͠·͢ʂ ϫΠϫΠΓ·͠ΐʂ
IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ
ͭͷಓʹಋ͔Εͯߟ͍͑ͯ͘ •ϑϩʔͷݪଇɿ։ൃ͔Βӡ༻ɺͦͯ͠ސ٬ʹࣄͷՌΛૹ Γಧ͚Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕΛՃ͢Δํ๏ɻ •ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇɿ͞Βʹ҆શͳγεςϜΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷ खஈɻ •ܧଓతͳֶशͱ࣮ݧͷݪଇɿৗۀͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠վળͷϦ εΫΛ৫తʹҾ͖ड͚ΔͨΊͷߴ৴པϚωδϝϯτͷจԽ ͱՊֶతΞϓϩʔνͷྭɻ
ͭͷಓʹಋ͔Εͯߟ͍͑ͯ͘ •ϑϩʔͷݪଇɿ։ൃ͔Βӡ༻ɺͦͯ͠ސ٬ʹࣄͷՌΛૹ Γಧ͚Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕΛՃ͢Δํ๏ɻ •ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇɿ͞Βʹ҆શͳγεςϜΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷ खஈɻ •ܧଓతͳֶशͱ࣮ݧͷݪଇɿৗۀͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠վળͷϦ εΫΛ৫తʹҾ͖ड͚ΔͨΊͷߴ৴པϚωδϝϯτͷจԽ ͱՊֶతΞϓϩʔνͷྭɻ
͢ͰʹՈࣄͷશମϑϩʔચ͍ग़͍ͯͨ͠ͷͰ
Կʹ࠷ॳʹϑΥʔΧε͢Δ͔Λߟ͑Δɻదͨ͠ྖҬ͋Δͷ͔ʁ ࠷ॳʹखΛ͚ΔόϦϡʔετϦʔϜͷબํ๏ • άϦʔϯϑΟʔϧυ/ϒϥϯϑΟʔϧυ • هγεςϜ/ࢀՃγεςϜ • ͬͱؔ৺Λ࣋ͪΠϊϕʔςΟϒͳάϧʔϓ͔Β ˠͲ͜ʹͰద༻Ͱ͖ͦ͏ʂ
ேى͖Δ ே͝Μ ࡞Δ ே͝Μ ৯Δ ֶߍͷࢧ ֶߍ ֶಐ ࣄ
༦൧४උ ෩࿊ ४උ ༦൧ ब৸ ย͚ ย͚ શͯʹద༻Մೳͳͣͱߟ͑ͨΒɺةͳ͍ͷ੍࣌ؒͷ͋Δͱ͜Ζ ֶߍૹΓ ग़͠ ચ୕ ෩࿊
ேى͖Δ ே͝Μ ࡞Δ ே͝Μ ৯Δ ֶߍͷࢧ ֶߍ ֶಐ ࣄ
༦൧४උ ෩࿊ ४උ ༦൧ ब৸ ย͚ ย͚ ࠷੍ͷڧ͍ேͷ४උͷόϦϡʔετϦʔϜΛબ ֶߍૹΓ ग़͠ ચ୕ ෩࿊
ϑΥʔΧεϙΠϯτͷղ૾Λ্͍͛ͯ͘ʂ ୈষ όϦϡʔετϦʔϜͷ࡞ۀΛཧղ͠ɺͦΕΛՄࢹԽͯ͠ɺ ৫શମʹ͛Δ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ى͖Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ હ͢Δ
ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ ࢠڙ͕৯ऴ ΘΔ ࢠڙ͕ணସ͑Δ ਫΛ४උ ૹΓग़͠ Ε͕ͳ͍͔ ֬ೝ ચ୕ػ͔Βચ୕ Λग़͢ ચ͍Λચ୕ ػ ேͷ४උʢݱঢ়ʣͷ74.Λॻ͍͍ͯ͘ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ى͖Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ હ͢Δ
ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ ࢠڙ͕৯ऴ ΘΔ ࢠڙ͕ணସ͑Δ ਫΛ४උ ૹΓग़͠ Ε͕ͳ͍͔ ֬ೝ ચ୕ػ͔Βચ୕ Λग़͢ ચ͍Λચ୕ ػ ՄࢹԽ͞Εͩ͢՝ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ى͖Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ હ͢Δ
ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ ࢠڙ͕৯ऴ ΘΔ ࢠڙ͕ணସ͑Δ ਫΛ४උ ૹΓग़͠ Ε͕ͳ͍͔ ֬ೝ ચ୕ػ͔Βચ୕ Λग़͢ ચ͍Λચ୕ ػ ᶃ͝൧࡞Δ-5ա͗ͱᶄࢠͲͷ४උͷ-5ա͗Δ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇͰରࡦ ଧ͍ͬͯ͘ͷͰޙ΄Ͳ ରࡦଧ͍ͬͯ͘ʂ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
$"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ͝൧࡞ΓͰԿ͕ى͖͍ͯͨͷ͔ɻͦͷ෦ͷϑϩʔΛநग़ͯ͠ΈΔͱ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
$"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ༷ʑͳ՝͕ݟ͑ͯ͘Δ લʹௐཧث ۩ɾ৯ثྨચ ͏͕৸མͪ͢Δ ɾͣ͞Μͳࡏݿཧʢ͋Δͱࢥͬͯͨͷ ʹɺɺɺʣ ɾͣ͞Μͳ࣭ཧʢຯظݶ͕ɺɺɺʣ ʲ՝ᶃɿݙཱͷΒ͖ͭʳ ࣄલʹߟ͍͑ͯͯͷঢ়گʹԠͯ͡ಈత ʹݙཱΛܾΊΔ͜ͱΛڧ͍ΒΕΔ ˠ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍͜ͱ͋ΓϦʔυλΠϜফඅ ʲ՝ᶄɿ ྉཧͷํʹϜμ͕͍ͬ ͺ͍ʳ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
$"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ରࡦΛଧ͍ͬͯ͘ લʹௐཧث ۩ɾ৯ثྨચ ͏͕৸མͪ͢Δ ɾͣ͞Μͳࡏݿཧʢ͋Δͱࢥͬͯͨͷ ʹɺɺɺʣ ɾͣ͞Μͳ࣭ཧʢຯظݶ͕ɺɺɺʣ ʲ՝ᶃɿݙཱͷΒ͖ͭʳ ࣄલʹߟ͍͑ͯͯͷঢ়گʹԠͯ͡ಈత ʹݙཱΛܾΊΔ͜ͱΛڧ͍ΒΕΔ ˠ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍͜ͱ͋ΓϦʔυλΠϜফඅ ʲ՝ᶄɿ ྉཧͷํʹϜμ͕͍ͬ ͺ͍ʳ
ݙཱܾఆ࣌ͷߟྀཁૉΛ҆ఆͤ͞Δ 120<-@63 = %* ')$8 + 649 7> ;A"(*#&!%:.
")(%5?/,B 0) % ) 4/1'3#. $*')+ 25&("5, IUUQTXXXUTVLVSJPLJKQ IUUQTBHSJDVMUVSFSBLVUFODPKQ ʲࣗಈԽʳ ങ͍ΛωοτεʔύʔʹدͤΔʴ ֬ೝϝʔϧΛτϦΨʔʹߪೖΛ ཧʴΏΔ࣭͘ཧ ʲཧରΛݮΒ͢ʳ ૉࡐ͝ͱʹ࣭ཧ͢ΔͷΛΊɺ ֎෦αʔϏεΛར༻ͯ͠ʮʯ ͷ࣭ཧΛ͢Δ ʲԽʳ Ұͷ৸མͪʹ͑ΒΕΔΑ͏ ʹௐཧث۩ɾ৯ثྨΛԽ͠ ͓ͯ͘ ৸མͪରࡦ ࡏݿɾ࣭ཧ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
$"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO લʹௐཧث ۩ɾ৯ثྨચ ͏͕৸མͪ͢Δ ɾͣ͞Μͳࡏݿཧʢ͋Δͱࢥͬͯͨͷ ʹɺɺɺʣ ɾͣ͞Μͳ࣭ཧʢຯظݶ͕ɺɺɺʣ ࣄલʹߟ͍͑ͯͯͷঢ়گʹԠͯ͡ಈత ʹݙཱΛܾΊΔ͜ͱΛڧ͍ΒΕΔ ˠ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍͜ͱ͋ΓϦʔυλΠϜফඅ ྉཧͷํʹϜμ͕ ͍ͬͺ͍ ྉཧͷํͦͷͷʹվળΛ͚Δ
ྫྷଂݿ͔Βग़͢ ચ͏ Δ Ճ ͬ͘͟ΓௐཧͷϑϩʔΛߟ͑Δ
ྫྷଂݿ͔Βग़͢ w ͔͔࣌ؒΔʢΓ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ʣ w ͏·͖͘Εͳ͍ʢՃͰۄͶ͕͗ղ ͚ͳ͍ͱ͔ʣ ߦͬͨΓདྷͨΓ͢Δͷ໘ ۤ௧ͱॏ࿑ಇΛऔΓআ͘ ચ͏ Δ
Ճ 2.6 όϦϡʔετϦʔϜ͔ΒϜμͱۤ௧ΛऔΓআ͘ Ϧʔϯͷ৽͍͠ղऍͰɺʮϜμͷݮʯͱ͍͏ݴ͍ํΛ͢ Δͱɺ۶ৱతͰඇਓؒతͳڹ͖͕͋Δ͜ͱʹ͠ɺʮ৫ ͷඪୡͷͨΊʹܧଓతʹֶश͢Δ͜ͱΛ௨ͯ͡ৗۀ ͔Βۤ௧ͱॏ࿑ಇΛऔΓআ͘͜ͱʯͱ͍͏Α͏ʹݴ͍͑ͯ ͍Δ w ͣͬͱΈͯͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ w ࣌ʑ͋͘औΓͱ͔͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ w ਓ͕ೖΒͳ͍
w ͔͔࣌ؒΔʢΓ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ʣ w ͏·͖͘Εͳ͍ʢՃͰۄͶ͕͗ղ͚ͳ͍ ͱ͔ʣ ߦͬͨΓདྷͨΓ͢Δͷ໘ ۤ௧ͱॏ࿑ಇΛऔΓআ͘ w ͣͬͱΈͯͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ w
࣌ʑ͋͘औΓͱ͔͠ͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ w ਓ͕ೖΒͳ͍ ͪ͜ΒͰྉཧશମͷϑϩʔͷΛॻ͍ͯ͋Γ·͢ πʔϧͰରࡦ
ϐʔϥʔܥ Γ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ IUUQT XXXBNB[POD PKQEQ #.%:%$;$ UI IUUQT XXXBNB[PODPKQ EQ#(43,+#
UI த՚ುˍమ͓ͨ· ೖΒͳ͍ɾ΄Ͳ͚ͳ͍ ϗοτΫοΫ ͣͬͱݟͯͳ͍ͱ͍͚ͳ͍ ۤ௧ͱॏ࿑ಇΛπʔϧͰऔΓআ͘
ϐʔϥʔܥ Γ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ IUUQT XXXBNB[POD PKQEQ #.%:%$;$ UI IUUQT XXXBNB[PODPKQ EQ#(43,+#
UI એɿྉཧϋοΫ͢ΔΞʔΩͷηογϣϯ ͜ΕΒͷπʔϧΛ հͯ͘͠Εͨͷ IUUQTDPOGFOHJOFDPNDPOGFSFODFTEFWPQTEBZTUPLZP QSPQPTBMBJSEFWPQT IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNSFDSVJUFOHJOFFSTEFWPQTEBZTOJTIJNVSB
ͦͯ͠ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇ •ϑϩʔͷݪଇɿ։ൃ͔Βӡ༻ɺͦͯ͠ސ٬ʹࣄͷՌΛૹ Γಧ͚Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕΛՃ͢Δํ๏ɻ •ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇɿ͞Βʹ҆શͳγεςϜΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷ खஈɻ •ܧଓతͳֶशͱ࣮ݧͷݪଇɿৗۀͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠վળͷϦ εΫΛ৫తʹҾ͖ड͚ΔͨΊͷߴ৴པϚωδϝϯτͷจԽ ͱՊֶతΞϓϩʔνͷྭɻ
ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇɿ ͍͍͔ͯ͠ΒײΛݴ͍·͠ΐ͏ ͳΜ͔͠ΐͬͺʔ͍ ඒຯ͘͠ͳʔ͍ ΩϥʔΠ
͝൧Λ࡞Δ ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ى͖Δ ݙཱΛܾఆ ࡐྉΛऔಘ ௐཧث۩Λग़͢ ৯ࡐΛௐୡ ௐཧث۩Λ ચ͏ હ͢Δ
ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ ࢠڙ͕৯ऴ ΘΔ ࢠڙ͕ணସ͑Δ ਫΛ४උ ૹΓग़͠ Ε͕ͳ͍͔ ֬ೝ ચ୕ػ͔Βચ୕ Λग़͢ ચ͍Λચ୕ ػ ࢠͲͷ४උͷ-5ա͗Δʹཱ͔ͪ͏ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ ࢠڙ͕৯ऴ ΘΔ ࢠڙ͕ணସ͑Δ Կ͕ى͖͍ͯͨͷ͔ʁ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO
$"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ᶃى͖ͳ͍ʢϦτϥΠʣ ᶄΉʹΌΉʹΌʮͶΉʔ͍ʯ ᶅΜ͏ʢౖʣ ͝൧Λ࡞Δ હ͢Δ ࣮࣭తʹฒߦ࡞ۀෆՄ ͏͙͝൧Ͱ͖ͦ͏ʂΈ͍ͨͳ λΠϛϯάͰى͜͠ʹ͍͕͘ɺ͜ Ε͕ى͖Δͱຯḩो͕ࣽ͑ग़ͯ͠ Ωονϯ͍Γͱ͔͋Δ ேʹ߱Լͨ͠ςϯγϣϯͦͷ ޙͷूதྗͱͳΓ7"ɺ-5ʹͶ ฦͬͯ͘Δɻ ྉཧͰςϯγϣϯཚߴԼ͢Δ
"#ςετͰԿ͕ྑ͍͔Λࢼ͢ 17ষ ৗۀʹԾઆۦಈ։ൃͱA/BςετΛΈࠐΉ
ࢠڙΛى͜͢ ࢠڙ͕ ৯ʹͭ͘ $"ɺ -5NJO 7"NJO ͝൧Λ࡞Δ હ͢Δ "#ςετᶃɿʮઌʹ࡞Δʯ͔ʮઌʹى͜͢ʯ͔ ฒߦෆՄೳ
ઌʹ͝൧Λ࡞ΔͱɺଟগྫྷΊΔ͕ࠩ ࠐݮΓɺى͜͠ํ͕͢͠ ͍ ઌʹى͜͢ͱɺਫ਼͕ѱ͍͕ɺྉཧ ͍͍ঢ়ଶͰαʔϒͰ͖Δɻى͖ͯ ͍Δ͕࣌ؒ͘ͳΔͷͰͦͷؒʹ ֮ΊΔ͠ɺૣ৸ʹͳΔ͔ɻ ઌʹ͝൧Λ࡞ͬͨํ͕ɺτʔλϧͷ -5ͯ͘ࡁΉɻ ઌʹى͜͢ํͰظͨ͠ޮՌɺ͋ ·ΓಘΒΕͣ ˠઌʹ͝൧Λ࡞ΔܗͰݱࡏӡӦ
"#ςετᶄɿௐཧ๏Λܧଓతʹվળ͍ͯ͘͠ ʮ΄͏ΕΜʹ͕ʔ͍ɺ৯ Εͳʔ͍ʯ ʮ΄͏ΕΜͱϕʔίϯᖱ Ίʯ ʮ;ʔΉম͍͔ͨΒ͔ͳʁɹ લେৎ͔ͩͬͨΒقઅࠩ ͔ݸମ͔ࠩͳɻͰ੍ͱ ͓͍ͨํ͕͍͍ͳʯ ΄͏ΕΜͷ͓ਁ͠
ʮ΄͏ΕΜʹ͕ʔ͍ɺ৯ Εͳʔ͍ʯ ʮ;ʔΉԼᣐͰ͠ͳ͔͔ͬͨ Β͔ͳʯ ΄͏ΕΜͷ͓ਁ͠ʢԼᣐͰ ͪΌΜͱ͢Δʣ ͓͍͠ʔʂ ʮͳΔ΄ͲԼᣐͰ͕େࣄͩͬ ͨͷ͔ʯ
"#ςετᶄͷޙஊɿ͖ͪΜͱվળΛࢼͤΔʮ࣌ؒʯ Λ֬อ͔ͯ͠Βʢޙड़ʣ ʮ΄͏ΕΜʹ͕ʔ͍ɺ৯ Εͳʔ͍ʯ ʮ΄͏ΕΜͱϕʔίϯᖱ Ίʯ ʮ;ʔΉম͍͔ͨΒ͔ͳʁɹ લେৎ͔ͩͬͨΒقઅࠩ ͔ݸମ͔ࠩͳɻͰ੍ͱ ͓͍ͨํ͕͍͍ͳʯ
΄͏ΕΜͷ͓ਁ͠ ʮ΄͏ΕΜʹ͕ʔ͍ɺ৯ Εͳʔ͍ʯ ʮ;ʔΉԼᣐͰ͠ͳ͔͔ͬͨ Β͔ͳʯ ΄͏ΕΜͷ͓ਁ͠ʢԼᣐͰ ͪΌΜͱ͢Δʣ ͓͍͠ʔʂ ʮͳΔ΄ͲԼᣐͰ͕େࣄͩͬ ͨͷ͔ʯ ࣮ݧ͍ͯͨ͠ΒɺேͷςϯγϣϯͩͩԼ͕ΓࣄҊ͕ଟൃ ʴڥઃఆͰྉཧ͢Δ࣌ͷख͕ؒ૿Ճɻ݁Ռ-5͠Β͘ॖ͞Εͣʜ
ֶ͔ͯ͘͠शͱ࣮ݧΛ࡞ΓࠐΉ •ϑϩʔͷݪଇɿ։ൃ͔Βӡ༻ɺͦͯ͠ސ٬ʹࣄͷՌΛૹ Γಧ͚Δ·ͰͷྲྀΕΛՃ͢Δํ๏ɻ •ϑΟʔυόοΫͷݪଇɿ͞Βʹ҆શͳγεςϜΛ࡞ΔͨΊͷ खஈɻ •ܧଓతͳֶशͱ࣮ݧͷݪଇɿৗۀͷҰ෦ͱͯ͠վળͷϦ εΫΛ৫తʹҾ͖ड͚ΔͨΊͷߴ৴པϚωδϝϯτͷจԽ ͱՊֶతΞϓϩʔνͷྭɻ
࣮ݧֶशͰ͖ΔͷྉཧͰ 21ষ ৫తͳֶशͱվળΛੜΈग़ͨ͢Ίͷ࣌ؒΛ֬อ͢Δ ฏͷேɹˠɹݥ࣮ͤͣͷ͋ΔͷΛ ͷனɹˠɹ৽͍͠ϨύʔτϦʔʹઓͨ͠Γɺલճͷ'#Λ ੜ͔ͨ͠৽ͨͳԾઆΛݕূͨ͠Γ
'#ΛΑΓ׆͔ͤΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δ 0) % ) 4/1'3#.!- $*')+ 25&("5, IUUQTXXXUTVLVSJPLJKQ
IUUQTBHSJDVMUVSFSBLVUFODPKQ ʲཧରΛݮΒ͢ʳ ૉࡐ͝ͱʹ࣭ཧ͢ΔͷΛΊɺ ֎෦αʔϏεΛར༻ͯ͠ʮʯ ͷ࣭ཧΛ͢Δ ࡞Γஔ͖αʔϏε͔Βଔۀ͠ɺ جຊతʹࣗͰௐຯ͢ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ ྉཧͷ׳Ε '#ΛΑΓ׆͔͢
࣮ݧ҆৺ײ͔ΒʢࣗવͱͰ͖ͯͨʣ 19.2 ࣄނ͕ى͖ͨ͋ͱʹඇͳ͠ͷϙετϞʔςϜΛ։͘ ❌ύύͷ͝൧͕ඒຯ͘͠ͳ͍ ⭕͜ͷຯḩोͷதͷ΄͏ΕΜ͍ۤʔ
'#Λ۩ମԽͯ͠Β͏ͷϙΠϯτ 19.2 ࣄނ͕ى͖ͨ͋ͱʹඇͳ͠ͷϙετϞʔςϜΛ։͘ ❌͜ͷຯḩोͳΜ͔·͍ͣʔ ⭕͜ͷຯḩोͷதͷ΄͏ΕΜ͍ۤʔ ɹʢͪΖΜҧײେࣄͳͷͰɺ ͦ͏͍͏࣌ʹҰॹʹߟ͑·͢ʣ
IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPN SFDSVJUFOHJOFFSTTDSVNGFTU PTBLB IUUQTXXXSFDSVJUDPKQUBMLTSFDSVJU@WPJDF LBNPNFIUNM IUUQTBUNBSLJUJUNFEJBDPKQBJUTFSJFT ݟΛ֎ʹڞ༗͢Δ 19.3 Ͱ͖ΔݶΓ͍ൣғʹϙετϞʔςϜΛެද͢Δ
ֶश·ͩ·ͩܧଓ͢Δ
࠺DPNFTCBDL
ෆ٢ͳ͍Λײ͡औ͓ͬͯΒΕΔํ͍ͨ ڐࡁΈ
ʮ࠺͕ؼ͖ͬͯͨޙʯฤര ·ɺ͜͜·Ͱؤு͖ͬͯͨ͠ɺͰ͖ Δͬ͠ΐɻ
ͦΜͳ͍ݟཱͯ ੬่͘ΕڈΔ
৯ࡐͷങ͍ग़͠ ่Εग़͢ϑϩʔ ྉཧ ޙย͚ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ̏ਓલఏͰߟ͑ͯ͠·͏ $PPL%Pೋശ͔ɺɺɺ ങ͍ग़͠ස͕׳Εͨϖʔεͱҟ ͳΓࡏݿ͗Ε Γͳ͍ͷΛϥϯνλΠϜʹങ
͍ग़͠ʹߦͬͯྔ͕ଟ͍ ྑ͔Εͱࢥͬͯख͍͍ͬͯͨͩ ͨ͜ͱ͕ɺɺɺ ચ͍ͷྔ͕૿͑ɺ৯ચػʹ ҰͰೖΒͳ͍
ଦੑͰ੍ͷมԽʹؾ͍͍ͯͳ͔ͬͨ ࠓ·ͰͷεςοϓͰ੍੍͕݅݅Ͱͳ͘ͳͬͨΒɺε ςοϓ1ʹΔɻͨͩ͠ɺଦੑͰγεςϜͷ੍݅Λ࡞ͬͯ ͳΒͳ͍ɻ
৯ࡐͷങ͍ग़͠ ɹɹ੍͕มԽ͍ͯͨ͠ ྉཧ ޙย͚ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ̏ਓલఏͰߟ͑ͯ͠·͏ $PPL%Pೋശ͔ɺɺɺ ങ͍ग़͠ස͕׳Εͨϖʔεͱҟ ͳΓࡏݿ͗Ε Γͳ͍ͷΛϥϯνλΠϜʹങ
͍ग़͠ʹߦͬͯྔ͕ଟ͍ ྑ͔Εͱࢥͬͯख͍͍ͬͯͨͩ ͨ͜ͱ͕ɺɺɺ ચ͍ͷྔ͕૿͑ɺ৯ચػʹ ҰͰೖΒͳ͍ VQEBUFE VQEBUFE ʮਓͷྉཧΛ࡞ΔεΩ ϧɾܦݧ͕ͳ͍ʯ੍͕ʹ લఏ੍ͷফ໓
120<-@63 = %* ')$8 + 649 7> ;A"(*#&!%:. ")(%5?/,B
ʲࣗಈԽʳ ങ͍ΛωοτεʔύʔʹدͤΔʴ ֬ೝϝʔϧΛτϦΨʔʹߪೖΛ ཧʴΏΔ࣭͘ཧ ࡏݿɾ࣭ཧ ࣮҉తͳ੍͕ͳ͘ͳ͍ͬͯͨ ࣮҉తʹԼهͷ੍͕͋ͬͨ w ʹങ͍ʹ͍͚ͳ͍ w ࢠͲ͕ى͖͍ͯΔ͕ؒ࣌ؒͳ͍ Ͱɺ࠺ͷؼࠃʹ੍͍Ͱ ͳ͘ͳ͍ͬͯΔ ʢؾ͖ͮʣࠓʹങ͍ग़͠ʹߦ͚Δʂ
ͭ·Γ੍ͷؔੑ͕มΘ͍ͬͯΔ ੍ɿ͕ࣗਓͷྉཧΛ͢ Δͷʹ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ ਓͷࡏݿཧ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ਓYͷ৯ࡐௐୡ͕Ͱ ͖ͳ͍ ਓΛಉ࣌ʹௐཧ͢ΔεΩϧ ͕ͳ͍ ˢ͜Ε͕ຊͷ੍ ങ͍ग़͠ʹසൟʹ͍͚ͳ͍ͷͰ
όονॲཧతʹωοτεʔύʔ Ͱ·ͱΊങ͍ ❌
੍ɿ͕ࣗਓͷྉཧΛ͢ Δͷʹ׳Ε͍ͯͳ͍ ਓͷࡏݿཧ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ਓYͷ৯ࡐௐୡ͕Ͱ ͖ͳ͍ ਓΛಉ࣌ʹௐཧ͢ΔεΩϧ ͕ͳ͍ ˢ͜Ε͕ຊͷ੍ ങ͍ग़͠ʹසൟʹ͍͚ͳ͍ͷͰ όονॲཧతʹωοτεʔύʔ
Ͱ·ͱΊങ͍ ❌ ݪଇʹཱͪฦΔɿϩοτΛখ͍ͨ͘͞͠ 2.3όοναΠζͷॖখ খ͞ͳόοναΠζͰࣄΛਐΊΔ͜ͱɺεϜʔεͰૣ͍ϑϩʔΛੜΈग़ͨ͢ Ίʹॏཁͳ͜ͱͩɻ
৯ࡐͷങ͍ग़͠ ৽ͨͳ੍ͱͳͬͨʮਓͷྉཧεΩϧʯʹଞͷϓϩηεΛैଐͤ͞Δ ྉཧ ޙย͚ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ࡏݿཧର͕ݮΔ ˠຯظݶΕ͕ͳ͘ͳΔ ˠݙཱͷखΓ͕ͳ͘ͳΔ ˠྉཧͷෛՙ͕ݮΔ ˠ͋ͱؾ߹ͰεΩϧΞοϓ
ങ͍ग़͠Λʹຖ࣮ࢪ Ұਓͷ࣌ɺϥϯν֎৯͕ଟ ͔ͬͨ ˠೋਓʹͳͬͨͷͰɺࣗਬʹΓ ସ͑Δʢ੍͜͜ͷมԽʣ ˠϥϯνλΠϜʹ৯ચػΛ͔͚Δ Α͏ʹͳΔʢೋਓͳͷͰ༨ྗ ͋Δʣ ˠேͷચ͍తෛ࠴ΛϥϯνͰฦ ্͢Δ
৯ࡐͷങ͍ग़͠ ɹׂ୲Λߟ͑Δ ྉཧ ޙย͚ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ྑ͔Εͱࢥͬͯख͍͍ͬͯͨͩ ͨ͜ͱ͕ɺɺɺ
ୈ7ষ Conwayͷ๏ଇΛ೦಄ʹஔ͍ͨ৫ͱΞʔΩςΫνϟͷઃܭ Conwayͷ๏ଇ͕༗རʹಇ͘Α͏ʹνʔϜͱࣄͷߏΛઃܭ͠ͳ͚Ε ͳΒͳ͍ɻΓํ͕·͚ͣΕɺConwayͷ๏ଇͷͨΊʹɺνʔϜಠྗ Ͱ҆શʹࣄΛਐΊΔ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͘ͳΔ 23.4 ৬ͷʹର͢ΔґଘΛԼ͛Δ ґଘੑΛݮΒ͠ಠཱੑΛߴΊׂͨ୲ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ར༻
ย͚ ͠·͏ ෩࿊আ ෩࿊ೖΕ ೖΔ ❌ ⭕
18.6 มߋͷ࣭Λ্͛ΔͨΊʹϖΞϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ ϖΞϓϩάϥϛϯάʹɺ৫શମʹࣝΛ֦ࢄ͠ɺνʔϜͷใ ϑϩʔΛଅ͢ͱ͍͏ϝϦοτ͋Δ 50%0ϖΞϓϩͰͬͯΈΔΞϦ ௐཧث۩ͷ४උ ར༻ ย͚ ͠·͏ ❌
վળΛ܁Γฦ͍ͯ͠Δ͏ͪʹय़ʹͳΓ·ͨ͠
͜͜·Ͱͷ૯߹ԋश͕ͬͯ͘Δ Ϛωʔδϟʔൟظ ࢠͲͷय़ظߨशˡOFX 19.6 ճ෮ྗͱֶशΛੜΈग़ͨ͢Ίʹຊ൪ڥʹΤϥʔΛೖ͢Δ
͜͜·ͰഓͬͨφϨοδΛϑϧಈһͯ͠ΓΔ ʲ৽ͨͳίϯςΩετʳ ϑϩʔͷதʹʮक़ͷૹܴʢෆఆظʣʯ͕ྲྀ͠ࠐ·ΕΔ ͦΕʹਵͯ͠ɺ߹ʹΑͬͯࢠͲͷ॓αϙʔτ͕ೖΔʢ࣮ࡍʹ΄ͱΜͲͳ͔ͬͨʣ ʲ༧ظͰ͖Δͷʳ ɾࣄ࣌ؒͱͷඃΓˠଧͪ߹Θͤͷௐ ɾՔಇ࣌ؒͷ֬อˠۙ͘ͷϦϞʔτΦ ϑΟεར༻ ʲख͕ճΒͳ͘ͳΔͷʳ ɾ֎৯׆༻ʢظͩ͠க͠ํͳ͠ʣ
ʲׂ୲ʳ ɾʮྉཧܥૹܴʯͱʮ෩࿊४උʯͰ ୲ ˠؼޙ͙͢ʹ෩࿊ʹೖΕͯɺͦͷؒʹ ༦৯ͷࢧ͕Ͱ͖ΔʂɻͲ͏͠Α͏ͳ ͍ૹܴґཔɻ
·ͩ·ͩվળ༨͋Δ 8.1 σϕϩούʔͷੜ࢈ੑΛ্͛ΔͨΊʹڞ༗αʔϏεΛ࡞Δ ൴Β͕ࢲͨͪͷπʔϧʹґଘ͢Δͷ͔·͍·ͤΜ͕ɺେͳͷ൴ Β͕ࢲͨͪʹґଘ͠ͳ͍Α͏ʹ͢Δ͜ͱͰ͢ 18.6 มߋͷ࣭Λ্͛ΔͨΊʹϖΞϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ࣮ݱ͢Δ ·ͩ·ͩͰ͖͍ͯͳ͍͜ͱ
5PCFDPOUJOVFE
IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ՈࣄΛ͢ΔਓΈΜͳ%FW0QT࣮ફऀͱݴͬͯաݴͰͳ͍
Ոࣄࣄܧଓվળ͍ͨ͠ਓʂҰॹʹಇ͖·ͤΜ͔ʁ
͓͠·͍ʂ ͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠ʂ