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How is magic formed
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Rin Raeuber
July 03, 2014
Programming
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850
How is magic formed
Short excursion into Ruby Internals, Ruby Usergroup Berlin, June 3rd 2014
Rin Raeuber
July 03, 2014
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Transcript
How is ! magic ! formed
Rin! @rinpaku @bitcrowd
None
WHY?
TIL: There’s bacon in! the Ruby source code
What happens when Ruby runs my code?! ! What is
an Object?
What happens ! when Ruby ! runs my code?
Ruby code 9.times do puts "Ente" end
Tokens 9 . t i m e s …
9 . times do puts "" Tokens 9 . t
i m e s … integer identifier identifier period keyword strin
Syntax Tree do_block period method_add_block integer! 9 identifier! times call
command identifier! puts …
YARV instructions “Yet Another Ruby Virtual Machine” == catch table
| catch type: break st: 0002 ed: 0006 sp: 0000 cont: 0006 |-------------------------------------------------------------- 0000 trace 1 0002 putobject 9 0004 send <callinfo!mid:times, argc:0, block:block 0006 leave == disasm: <RubyVM::InstructionSequence:block in <compiled>@<co == catch table | catch type: redo st: 0000 ed: 0009 sp: 0000 cont: 0000 | catch type: next st: 0000 ed: 0009 sp: 0000 cont: 0009 |-------------------------------------------------------------- 0000 trace 256 0002 trace 1 0004 putself 0005 putstring "Ente"
I MIGHT! HAVE MADE THIS ALL UP
Tokenizing Ripper.lex(your_code)
parse.c
with Ripper: Ripper.sexp(your_code) ! Parsing
with Ripper: Ripper.sexp(your_code) parser debug information: ruby -y example.rb Parsing
RubyVM::InstructionSequence. compile(code).disasm Compiling
What ! is an! Object?
struct meetup { char title[120]; time_t starts_at; bool has_talks; };
Structs
union location { char address[120]; struct position { int latitude;
int longitude; } }; Union
struct meetup { char title[120]; time_t starts_at; bool has_talks; union
{ char address[120]; struct position { int latitude; int longitude; } } };
Let’s look at some source code
RObject struct RObject { struct RBasic basic; … };
RBasic struct RBasic { VALUE flags; const VALUE klass; };
RObject struct RObject { struct RBasic basic; struct { long
numiv; VALUE *ivptr; struct st_table *iv_index_tbl; } heap; }; simplified
RObject struct RObject { struct RBasic basic; union { struct
{ long numiv; VALUE *ivptr; struct st_table *iv_index_tbl; } heap; VALUE ary[ROBJECT_EMBED_LEN_MAX]; } as; };
RFloat struct RFloat { struct RBasic basic; double float_value; };
- Reading C is not that bad.* *(If you
hate it, you can still look at the Standard Library or Rubinius.)! ! - Check out the Ruby source code and give a talk about it. ;) Things to take home
WAIT! Where’s the bacon?
Never create Ruby Strings longer than 23 characters ! Ruby
under a microscope (the book) ! The Ruby Hacking Guide (Warning: Ruby 1.7.3!) ! A Tour of the Ruby MRI Source Code with Pat Shaughnessy Some Links