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Web Application Hardening
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Recruit Technologies
June 02, 2017
Technology
3
60k
Web Application Hardening
2017年4~5月開催「ブートキャンプ特別講座」の資料になります。
Recruit Technologies
June 02, 2017
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Transcript
8FC"QQMJDBUJPO)BSEFOJOH GPS#PPU$BNQ 吳䒭⠓爡ؙٕٔ٦زذؙظٗآ٦ؤ ؟؎غ٦إُؗٔذ؍ؒٝآص،ؚٔٝ鿇 ؙؔٔذ؍وطآًٝزؚٕ٦ف 銮募 㸹儙
ֿך闌纏חאְג
8FC،فٔ؛٦ءّٝ㛙暕⻉ׇ״ • ث٦يחⴓַծ֮8FC،فٔך腚䓲䚍䱱׃ג⥜姻׃ג갥ֹתׅ • 闌纏傈湡ծ銮募ָ涺ׁך8FC،فٔח余䷼➬䱦ֽתׅ • 余䷼굸ג׃תث٦يכծؚٗח婍ׁ䩛ַָ걾חծ ⾱㔓锃叨׃ג갥ֹתׅ • ּֿהָדֹث٦يכծוך״ֲחְַ涪邌׃גְֻׁ
闌纏ךأ؛آُ٦ٕ 儎⠅ 闌纏ך铡僇 怴统腚䓲䚍䱱׃ה⥜姻 剢傈
剢 剢傈 抟 怴统ךؼٝز 怴统竲ְֽ➂כ⟣䠐ד 儎⠅ 怴统腚䓲䚍䱱׃ה⥜姻 怴统余䷼㨣ה⾱㔓锃叨
ث٦ي圓䧭 • 倜➂➂傊➂_➂ד鎘せךث٦يא⡲תׅ ӧ ӧׁ ӛ ӛׁ ӎӎׁ ☓☓ׁ ӧ
ӧׁ ӛ ӛׁ ӎӎׁ ☓☓ׁ ث٦ي" ث٦ي#
㛙暕⻉ׅ8FC،فٔ
#PPU$BNQ4/4 • 3VCZ娖٠剢ך銮募ָ⡲腚䓲䚍ףך知僒4/4 • ؝٦سכ銮募ך(JU)VCח֮תׅ IUUQTHJUIVCDPNOJTIJNVOFBCPPUDBNQTOT • 5XJUUFSְז،فٔדׅ ˉ 俑㶵תדךذؗأز䫎珲הծ歗⫷䫎珲堣腉կ⟗ず㡦דאזָ
• 'JSFGPY ծ$ISPNF חג⹛⡲然钠
*OUFSOFU ؟٦غך圓䧭 • 6CVOUV4FSWFS-54 • 3VCZ • 3VCZPO3BJMT • /HJOY
• 6OJDPSO • *NBHF.BHJDL Y • .Z42-B ؟٦غث٦ي" *1 UDQ ؟٦غث٦ي# *1 UDQ
׃8FC،فָٔ㠨 • TTIד8FC؟٦غחؚٗ؎ٝ׃ծ⟃♴ך䩛갫ד䗁傊׃גְֻׁ $ cd /var/www/app/ $ mv sns sns.old
$ git clone https://github.com/nishimunea/bootcampsns sns $ sudo chown –R www-data.www-data sns $ sudo /etc/init.d/unicorn start
岣䠐✲갪 • ➭ך「闌罏װ➭ך؟٦غח余䷼׃זְֿה • 兛媮ךػأٙ٦سכ⢪זְֿה ˉ 8FC،فٔח腚䓲䚍ָ֮הծ銮募װ➭ך「闌罏חغٖ䛊ָ֮תׅ • 怴统ך㔐瘶כ猼㺘ח׃גְֻׁ ˉ
怴统⚥ծ8FC،فٔך؝٦سכ1VCMJDז(JU)VCזוד㢌刿盖椚׃ג圓ְתׇָծ 怴统䖓ח䗳׆ꤐ׃גְֻׁ
ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ #PPU$BNQ4/4 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ ؚٗ؎ٝ钠鏾ؒٓ٦ 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س
ⵃ欽㨣 ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ 邌爙せ 歗⫷ ،حف ٗ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ䧭⸆ ⵃ欽㨣䧭⸆ ⵃ欽㨣ؒٓ٦ 钠鏾ؒٓ٦٥ ؚٗ،ؐز 铣鴥 ㊯俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃י֮ ײתך ח׃י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ה铣
㊯俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃י֮ ײתך ח׃י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ה铣
歗⫷䫎珲 ➂涫ꐮ ؚٗ،ؐز
#PPU$BNQ4/4ך堣腉➬圫
㊯俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃י֮ ײתך ח׃י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦
⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ה铣 ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ #PPU$BNQ4/4 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ ؚٗ؎ٝ钠鏾ؒٓ٦ ؚٗ؎ٝせ ػأٙ٦س ⵃ欽㨣 ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ؒٓ٦⳿⸂ 邌爙せ 歗⫷ ،حف ٗ٦س ؚٗ؎ٝ䧭⸆ ⵃ欽㨣䧭⸆ ⵃ欽㨣ؒٓ٦ 钠鏾ؒٓ٦٥ ؚٗ،ؐز 铣鴥 'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 'ؚٗ؎ٝ歗 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ歗 'ؚٗ؎ٝ 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ 'ؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 ً؎ٝ歗如갤 倜鋉ⵃ欽כֿ
㊯俑㶵⟃ⰻ ח׃י֮ ײתך ח׃י֮ 爡㆞鏾זֻ׃ "QQMFJ1IPOFחג乆䕦 ⟝ך倜滠䫎珲 ה铣
'ذؗأز䫎珲 '倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙 '䫎珲ٗ٦س '麓䫎珲ٗ٦س 歗⫷䫎珲 ➂涫ꐮ ؚٗ،ؐز '歗⫷䫎珲 '➂涫ꐮ 'ؚٗ،ؐز
'ؿٖ٦ي邌爙 • ً؎ٝ歗QVCMJDJOEFYIUNMכٗ٦س湫䖓ծMPDBM4UPSBHFחِ٦ؠ䞔㜠ָ ろתגְֿה然钠 • ِ٦ؠせָ呓秛ׁגְזֽלծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFֹծ ؚٗ؎ٝ歗 ' 邌爙ׅ •
ً؎ٝ歗כծ"1*ךٖأهٝأ؝٦سָ鵤⽱ׁ㜥さծ$PPLJFךإحءّٝ䞔㜠ָ 搀⸬⻉٥ְ֮כ㣟⸬׃ךהⴻ倖׃ծ䓼ⵖ涸חؚٗ،ؐز ' 遤ֲ • ؚٗ،ؐز ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃㜥さכծMPDBM4UPSBHFח呓秛ׁِ٦ؠ䞔㜠ꤐ׃ծ ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFדⱄ䏝ؚٗ؎ٝ歗 ' 邌爙ׅ • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF邌爙⚥כծً؎ٝ歗ך乼⡲ـٗحؙׅ
'ؚٗ؎ٝ歗MPHJOIUNM • ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سדؚٗ؎ٝ〳腉הׅ ˉ Ⰵ⸂〳腉俑㶵כծ6OJDPEFך#BTJD-BUJO6 ։ 6 ' ך眔㔲הׅ ˉ
ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سכ剑㣐俑㶵הז״ֲחؿؓ٦يדⵖꣲׅ • ؚٗ؎ٝنةٝ䬃ׅהծꬊず劍דؚٗ؎ٝ ' 㹋遤ׅ • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃ծ؟٦غַ鵤⽱ׁِ٦ؠ䞔㜠MPDBM4UPSBHFח 呓秛׃ծؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 ' 㹋遤׃גؚٗ؎ٝ歗ꟗׄծً؎ٝ歗ח鼂獳ׅ • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃ծ鵤⽱ׁؒٓ٦俑鎉邌爙ׅ
'ؚٗ؎ٝ1045TFTTJPOT 㹋鄲⢽ 1045TFTTJPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFSؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵 QBTTػأٙ٦س䗳갭٥俑㶵 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍
BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ OBNFؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠך邌爙せ JDPOفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷63- 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آꂁ ⪒罋 • إحءّٝ䞔㜠ِ٦ؠ*%$PPLJFח鎸ꐮ׃תׅ
'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ歗SFHJTUFSIUNM • 邌爙せծؚٗ؎ٝせծػأٙ٦سךⰅ⸂ؿؓ٦ي邌爙ׅ ˉ ؚٗ؎ٝせהػأٙ٦سךⰅ⸂〳腉俑㶵כծ6OJDPEFך#BTJD-BUJO6 ։ 6 ' ך眔㔲הׅ ˉ
ؚٗ؎ٝせծػأٙ٦سծ邌爙せכ剑㣐俑㶵תדהׅ ˉ 邌爙せחכ⟣䠐ך俑㶵ⵃ欽〳腉 • فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' ךծ歗⫷سٗحفׅ瀂䕎ؒٔ،邌爙ׅ ˉ 歗⫷ָسٗحفׁծꬊず劍דفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' 㹋遤ׅ ˉ فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃ծ鵤⽱ׁؒٓ٦俑鎉邌爙ׅ • ⵃ欽㨣نةָٝ䬃ׁծꬊず劍דِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' 㹋遤ׅ • ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮָ姻䌢穄✪׃ծ؟٦غַ鵤⽱ׁِ٦ؠ䞔㜠 MPDBM4UPSBHFח呓秛׃ծؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 ' 㹋遤ׅ • ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' ָ殯䌢穄✪׃ծ؟٦غַ鵤⽱ׁؒٓ٦俑鎉邌爙ׅ
'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ1045JDPOT 㹋鄲⢽ 1045JDPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GJMFOBNF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕせ䗳갭٥俑㶵 GJMF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕ䗳갭٥غ؎شٔ SFTJ[F@NBY@QJYFMٔ؟؎ؤ儗ך剑㣐ؾؙإٕ侧⟣䠐٥侭侧 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪
ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ GJMF@OBNF،حفٗ٦سׁفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ךؿ؋؎ٕせ 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋 • SFTJ[F@NBY@QJYFMח剣⸬ז⦼ָ䭷㹀ׁ㜥さծ䭷㹀ׁؾؙإٕ⟃ⰻח ת״ֲ歗⫷ٔ؟؎ؤׅ • 歗⫷ؿ؋؎ָٕ1/(ծ(*'ծ+1&(⟃㢩ד֮לծ殯䌢穄✪ׅ
'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ1045VTFST 㹋鄲⢽ 1045VTFST ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFS<VTFS>ؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵 VTFS<QBTT>ػأٙ٦س䗳갭٥俑㶵 VTFS<OBNF>邌爙せ䗳갭٥俑㶵 VTFS<JDPO@GJMF@OBNF>فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ךؿ؋؎ٕせ⟣䠐٥俑㶵 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪
殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ OBNFؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠך邌爙せ JDPOؚٗ؎ِٝ٦ؠךفٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷63- 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋 • $PPLJFחإحءّٝ䞔㜠ِ٦ؠ*%鎸ꐮ׃תׅ • فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ָ䭷㹀ׁגְזְַծ姻׃ְ歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕדזְ㜥さծ ؟٦غ⩎ד欽䠐׃رؿٕؓز歗⫷فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ח鏣㹀׃תׅ
'ؿٖ٦يꬊ邌爙 • ؚٗ؎ٝ ' תכِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ ' ָ姻䌢穄✪׃㜥さծ؟٦غַ鵤⽱ׁ ِ٦ؠ䞔㜠MPDBM4UPSBHFח⥂㶷׃ծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFꤐׅ ˉ ً؎ٝ歗ך乼⡲ךـٗحؙ鍑ꤐׅ
'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙(&5VTFSTJEJDPO 㹋鄲⢽ (&5VTFSTJDPO ؙٔؒأزنر؍ JEِ٦ؠ*%䗳갭٥侭侧 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ٖأهٝأنر؍
BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷ 殯䌢穄✪ رؿٕؓز歗⫷ ⪒罋
'➂涫ꐮ • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFחגծ➂ך涫ꐮؿؓ٦ي邌爙ׅ ˉ 胜ךً؎ٝ歗ָ䬃♴ׁ㜥さծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFꟗׄ • 涫ꐮ׃ְ➂ךؚٗ؎ٝせؿؓ٦يחⰅ⸂׃ծ涫ꐮنةٝ䬃ֿׅהדծ ➂涫ꐮָ㸣✪ׅ ˉ 劤怴统דכծ➂ך涫ꐮׅꥷחծךِ٦ؠ劤➂ך鏩〳実זֻג葺ְ➬圫הׅ
ˉ ➂ך涫ꐮחכծ如ل٦آך"1*欽ְ ˉ ➂涫ꐮ"1*כꬊず劍ד㹋遤׃ծ䧭⸆׃㜥さכل٦آٔٗ٦س׃ծ䫎珲倜鋉《䖤ׅկ 㣟侁׃㜥さכؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNF♳חؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ邌爙ׅ
'➂涫ꐮ1045GSJFOET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GSJFOET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ VTFS➂涫ꐮ׃ְِ٦ؠךؚٗ؎ٝせ䗳갭٥俑㶵 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍
BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 姻䌢穄✪ ז׃ 殯䌢穄✪ FSSPSTؒٓ٦ًحإ٦آ ⪒罋
'ؚٗ،ؐز%&-&5&TFTTJPOT 㹋鄲⢽ %&-&5&TFTTJPOT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ ז׃ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO
ז׃ ⪒罋
'ذؗأز䫎珲1045GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GFFET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@UZQFUFYU䗳갭٥俑㶵 DPNNFOU؝ًٝز䗳갭٥俑㶵 ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز
殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO ז׃ ⪒罋 • GFFE@UZQFָUFYU⟃㢩ך㜥さծ俑㶵ָ俑㶵⟃♳ך㜥さכ殯䌢穄✪ׅ
'歗⫷䫎珲 • ؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFד歗⫷ך䫎珲歗邌爙ׅ ˉ 胜ךً؎ٝ歗ָ䬃♴ׁ㜥さծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFꟗׄ • 歗⫷سٗحف〳腉ז瀂䕎ؒٔ،邌爙ׅ ˉ 歗⫷ָسٗحفׁծꬊず劍ד如ل٦آך"1*㹋遤ׅ ˉ
"1*㹋遤䖓ծؿٗ٦ذ؍ؚٝJGSBNFꟗׄ • 䫎珲ָ䧭⸆׃㜥さծ倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س ' 㹋遤׃ծ倜滠ך䫎珲邌爙ׅ
'歗⫷䫎珲1045GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ 1045GFFET ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@UZQFJNBHF䗳갭٥俑㶵 JNBHF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕ 䗳갭٥غ؎شٔ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪
♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO ז׃ ⪒罋 • GFFE@UZQFָJNBHF⟃㢩ך㜥さծ䫎珲ׁؿ؋؎ָٕ姻׃ְ歗⫷דזְ㜥さכ殯䌢穄✪ׅ
'倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س • ً؎ٝ歗כծ如ل٦آך倜滠ٗ٦س"1*猱縧ֹח涪遤׃ծ倜滠䫎珲ך侧《䖤ׅ • 倜滠䫎珲ך侧ָ⟝⟃♳֮לծ歗חչ/⟝ך倜滠䫎珲պنةٝ邌爙ׅ ˉ 倜滠䫎珲ָ⟝ך㜥さծתכ殯䌢穄✪׃㜥さכծنةٝ歗ַ嶊ׅ • نةٝ䬃׃㜥さծ倜滠䫎珲"1*涪遤׃ծ倜滠䫎珲ךٗ٦س遤ֲ ˉ
植㖈ٗ٦س׃גְ䫎珲⟃꣬ח涫ꐮׁⰋגך䫎珲ٗ٦سׅ ˉ "1*涪遤䖓ծչ/⟝ך倜滠䫎珲պنةٝ歗ַ嶊ׅ ˉ ٗ٦س׃䫎珲歗ח邌爙ׅ ˉ GJOE@OFXהGJOE@PMEך"1*ך㛇挿הׅծ歗ח邌爙ׁגְ剑倜ה剑〢ךؿ؍٦س*%כ+BWB4DSJQUד盖椚ׅ
'倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@OFX JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@JE 㛇挿הׅؿ؍٦س*%䗳갭٥侭侧 JODMVEF@JUFNT 䫎珲ⰻ㺁《䖤ַׅやַ⟣䠐٥JOUFHFS ٖأهٝأ؝٦س
姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ撑 ⪒罋 • JODMVEF@JUFNTָ㶷㖈׃זְծתכ⦼ָ⟃㢩ך㜥さծDPVOUך鵤⽱ׅ • ِ٦ؠ劤➂הך➂ך䫎珲ך《䖤〳腉הׅ
'麓䫎珲ٗ٦س • ً؎ٝ歗כծ麓䫎珲ٗ٦س"1*涪遤׃ծ歗ח邌爙ׁגְזְ 麓䫎珲ך侧《䖤ׅ • 麓䫎珲ך侧ָ⟝⟃♳֮לծ歗חչה铣պنةٝ邌爙ׅ ˉ 倜滠䫎珲ָ⟝ך㜥さծתכ殯䌢穄✪׃㜥さכծنةٝ邌爙׃זְ • نةٝ䬃׃㜥さծ麓䫎珲"1*涪遤׃ծ麓䫎珲ٗ٦سׅ
ˉ 植㖈ٗ٦س׃גְ䫎珲ךח涫ꐮׁגְ⟝ⴓך䫎珲ٗ٦سׅ ˉ "1*涪遤䖓ծչה铣պنةٝ歗ַ嶊ׅ ˉ ٗ٦س׃䫎珲歗ח邌爙׃ծⱄ䏝ծ麓䫎珲ך侧《䖤ׅ ˉ 麓䫎珲ָת㶷㖈ׅ㜥さכծչה铣պنةٝⱄן邌爙ׅ
'麓䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@PME JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ GFFE@JE 㛇挿הׅؿ؍٦س*%䗳갭٥侭侧 JODMVEF@JUFNT 䫎珲ⰻ㺁《䖤ַׅやַ⟣䠐٥JOUFHFS ٖأهٝأ؝٦س
姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ撑 ⪒罋 • JODMVEF@JUFNTָ㶷㖈׃זְծתכ⦼ָ⟃㢩ך㜥さծDPVOUך鵤⽱ׅ • ِ٦ؠ劤➂הך➂ך䫎珲ך《䖤〳腉הׅ • ♧䏝חٗ٦سׅ麓䫎珲כ剑㣐⟝הׅ
'䫎珲ٗ٦س(&5GFFET 㹋鄲⢽ (&5GFFETGJOE@PME JODMVEF@JUFNT ؙٔؒأزنر؍ ז׃ ٖأهٝأ؝٦س 姻䌢穄✪ 殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זؙٔؒأز
殯䌢穄✪ ♶姻זإحءّٝ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO 䖓鶢ךչ䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍պ撑 ⪒罋 • ِ٦ؠ劤➂הך➂ך䫎珲ך《䖤〳腉הׅ • ♧䏝חٗ٦سׅ麓䫎珲כ剑㣐⟝הׅ
䫎珲ٗ٦س堣腉ךٖأهٝأنر؍ ٖأهٝأنر؍ BQQMJDBUJPOKTPO DPVOU《䖤׃ؿ؍٦سך侧 GFFET《䖤׃ؿ؍٦سկ⟃♴ךر٦ةろ OBNF䫎珲׃ِ٦ؠך邌爙せ GFFE@UZQFUFYUתכJNBHF DSFBUFE@BU䫎珲傈儗 GJMF@OBNF歗⫷ؿ؋؎ٕせ FYJG乆䕦׃ًؕٓך醡鸡كٝت٦ה堣珏せ
DPNNFOU؝ًٝز
"QQFOEJY
"1*♧鋮 ػأ ًاحس ،ؙءّٝせ 㼎䘔ׅ堣腉 TFTTJPOT 1045 DSFBUF
'ؚٗ؎ٝ TFTTJPOT %&-&5& EFTUSPZ 'ؚٗ،ؐز VTFST 1045 DSFBUF 'ِ٦ؠ涫ꐮ VTFSTNBOBHF (&5 NBOBHF ِ٦ؠ盖椚盖椚罏ぢֽ堣腉 VTFSTJEJDPO (&5 JDPO 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷邌爙 JDPOT 1045 DSFBUF 'فٗؿ؍٦ٕ歗⫷涫ꐮ GSJFOET 1045 DSFBUF ' ➂涫ꐮ GFFET (&5 JOEFY ' 䫎珲ٗ٦س GFFET 1045 DSFBUF 'ذؗأز䫎珲 '歗⫷䫎珲 GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX (&5 GJOE@OFX '倜滠䫎珲ٗ٦س GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME (&5 GJOE@PME '麓䫎珲ٗ٦س
ٌرٕ♧鋮 VTFST JE JOUFHFS VTFS TUSJOH OBNF TUSJOH QBTT TUSJOH
BENJO CPPMFBO JDPO@GJMF@OBNF TUSJOH GSJFOET JE JOUFHFS GSPN@VTFS@JE JOUFHFS UP@VTFS@JE JOUFHFS GFFET JE JOUFHFS UZQF TUSJOH VTFS@JE JOUFHFS JNBHF@GJMF@OBNF TUSJOH FYJG TUSJOH DPNNFOU TUSJOH VTFSIBT@NBOZ GSPN@VTFS GSPN@VTFS CFMPOHT@UP VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ UP@VTFS UP@VTFS CFMPOHT@UP VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ UP@VTFS UISPVHIGSJFOET TPVSDFUP@VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ GSPN@VTFS UISPVHIGSJFOETTPVSDFGSPN@VTFS VTFSIBT@NBOZ GFFE GFFECFMPOHT@UP VTFS
ؼٝز ػأ ًاحس ،ؙءّٝせ ؽآطأٔأؙך넝ְ腚䓲䚍ך侧 TFTTJPOT 1045 DSFBUF
⦐ TFTTJPOT %&-&5& EFTUSPZ ז׃ VTFST 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ VTFSTNBOBHF (&5 NBOBHF ⦐ VTFSTJEJDPO (&5 JDPO ⦐ JDPOT 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ GSJFOET 1045 DSFBUF ז׃ GFFET (&5 JOEFY ⦐ GFFET 1045 DSFBUF ⦐ GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@OFX (&5 GJOE@OFX ז׃ GFFETGFFE@JEGJOE@PME (&5 GJOE@PME ז׃
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