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Equatable, Comparable and Hashable
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Shigure Shimotori
August 08, 2017
Programming
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Equatable, Comparable and Hashable
Shigure Shimotori
August 08, 2017
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Transcript
Equatable / Comparable / Hashable Λશʹཧղ͢Δ @S_Shimotori Otemachi.swift x Kyobashi.swift
#01
ͩΕ • @S_Shimotori·ͨ@S_Shimotori_pub • ֶੜ • DroidKaigi2016-2018ӡӦϝϯόʔ
iOSDCʹొஃ͠·͢ • #1349ʮARC vs. GCʁARC in GCʁʯ • 5ͰGCͷΛ͠·͢ •
ݫ͍͠ • Reject͞Εͨͭదʹڙཆ͢ΔͭΓ • ςετ • ԋࢉࢠ • Ͳ͜Ͱʁ
Equatable Comparable Hashable
͓͞Β͍ • Equatable • ͍͔͠Ͳ͏͔ൺֱͰ͖Δ • Comparable • ؔԋࢉࢠͰൺֱͰ͖Δ •
͍͍ͪͪൺֱ༻ͷؔΛ༻ҙ͠ͳͯ͘ιʔτͰ͖Δ • Hashable • ϋογϡΛ࡞ΕΔ • Map/DictionaryͷΩʔʹͳΕΔ • JavaComparableͷΈinterfaceͰΓclass Objectʹੜ͑ͯΔ • Pythonduck typing
SwiftͰ:
EquatableͱΏ͔͍ͳؒͨͪ(Ұ෦লུ) &RVBUBCMF $PNQBSBCMF )BTIBCMF /VNFSJD 4FU"MHFCSB 4USJEFBCMF 4USJOH1SPUPDPM 3FGFSFODF$POWFSUJCMF Foundationͷࢀরܕଓ͘ɻ
String͕ଓ͘ɻ 1࣍ݩͷ࿈ଓతͳɻ UnsafePointer͕ଓ͘ɻ ೋ߲ࢉज़ԋࢉɻ Set͕ଓ͘ɻ • ͬͱਓؾͳProtocolͷ1ͭ • ͳʹΑΓଘࡏײ͕େ͖͍ɺେ͖͗͢Δ • Equatable.swiftʹͪΌ͔ͬΓಉҰఆͷ࣮͍Δ
protocol Equatable
ͱΓ͋͑ͣ == Λ࣮͢ΕOKʂ ❌
protocol Equatableͷཁ݅ • ସՄೳੑ • ࣹੑ • ରশੑ • ਪҠੑ
• a == b ͕ਅͳΒ not a != b ͕ਅ • ͜ͷ͏ͪEquatable͔ΒϑΥϩʔ͕ೖΔͷ࠷ޙ͚ͩʂ • ҙਤతʹΦʔόʔϥΠυ͠ͳ͍ݶΓ==ͷٯͷ݁ՌΛฦ͢
Optional<T>ͱEquatableͷؔ • OptionalEquatableͰͳ͍ • Ͱis Equatableͷ݁Ռதʹґଘ͢Δ • ͰผͰԋࢉࢠ͕࣮͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰnilͱͷൺֱՄೳ
protocol Comparable
దʹ < Λ࣮͓͚ͯ͠ ͳΜͱ͔ͳΔͭ ❌
protocol Comparableͷׂͱཁ݅ • ܕʹࣗવॱং͚Λ༩͑Δ • σϑΥϧτͷιʔτํ๏ΛܾΊΔͱ͍͏͜ͱ • SwiftؔԋࢉࢠͰදݱ͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰEquatable͕ඞਢ • ࡶʹ࣮͠ͳ͍ݶΓEquatableͱໃ६͠ͳ͍
• ࡶʹ࣮͠ͳ͍ݶΓ < = > ͷͲΕ͔1͚͕ͭͩtrueʹͳΔ • strict total orderingͱݺΕΔੑ࣭Λຬͨ͞ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ • ʮ͖ͬͪΓϧʔϧΛܾΊͯશһҰྻʹฒͳ͍ͱͩΊʯ • ුಈখͳͲͰྫ֎͕ೝΊΒΕΔ߹͕͋Δ
sort2छྨ • Ҿͳ͠ͷsort / sorted • ࣗવॱং͚ʹैͬͯιʔτ͢Δ • ͭ·Γཁૉ͕ComparableͰͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ •
ҾΛऔΔsort / sorted • ରίϨΫγϣϯͷΈͰ௨༻͢Δॱং͚Ͱιʔτ͢Δ • ཁૉ͕ComparableͰͳ͍͍ͯ͘ • strict weak orderingͳॱং͚͕ڐ͞ΕΔ • Comparableͱͷҧ͍ൺֱෆೳ͕ڐ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ • ͲͪΒ࠷ޙॱং͚ʹैͬͯΠϯτϩιʔτ͞ΕΔ
protocol Hashable
ͱΓ͋͑ͣ ϋογϡΛग़͓͚ͯ͠OKʂ ❌
protocol Hashable • ϋογϡΛ࣮͢Δͱ͖ͷΑ͋͘Δҙ • ޓ͍ʹಉͳΒϋογϡ͘͠ͳ͚ΕͳΒͳ͍ • ٯཱ͠ͳͯ͘Α͔ͬͨΓ͢Δ • SwiftͰEquatableඞਢͳͷͰ࣮ΛΕΔ͜ͱͳ͍ͣ
• ϧʔϧʹଇͬͯͪΌΜͱ࣮͢Δ͜ͱʂ
Ҏ্ʂ
͓·͚
assertEqual
assertEqualʹݴޠͷݸੑ͕ग़Δ • Javaʹࢀরܕ༻ͱϓϦϛςΟϒܕ༻͕ͦΕͧΕ༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • Pythonʹ1छྨ͔͠ͳ͍ • Objective-CΦϒδΣΫτ༻ͱεΧϥ༻͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ • SwiftNonNull༻ͱNullable༻͕༻ҙ͞Ε͍ͯΔ •
ࢀরܕͱܕͰͷ۠ผͰͳ͍ • ͜ͷ2ͭ΄ͱΜͲҧ͍͕ͳ͍ɺ࣮࣭1छྨɻ
·ͱΊ
·ͱΊ • Equatable / Comparable / Hashableʹϧʔϧ͕͋Δ • ޓ͍ͷؔੑprotocolͷܧঝͰදݱ͞Ε͍ͯΔ͕ɺ ϧʔϧʹଇ͍ͬͯΔ͔Ͳ͏͔ݟͯ͘Εͳ͍
ਖ਼࣮͘͠͠·͠ΐ͏ʂ ཧΛݴ͑ͦͷςετཉ͘͠ͳ͍ʁ