Going Bare - Writing the web without a framework - Cascadia PHP 2018

Talk given at Cascadia PHP 2018

If you've only ever experienced web development through a web framework, you're missing out. Have you ever been tempted to rewrite a codebase in your favorite framework? That's a smell that you need to come to this talk.

Being comfortable developing without a framework is a crucial skill to have for refactoring legacy applications. In this talk I show you how to harness the power of going "frameworkless" so you'll feel empowered to make better decisions in your next web project. Be set free from your web-framework ball and chain.

Transcript

1. Going Bare
   Writing the web
   without a framework
   Sammy Kaye Powers
   2018-09-15
   

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2. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   Slides
   Get the
   joind.in/talk/2e67a
   

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3. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   frameworks
   The point is
   not
   <3 frameworks!
   I
   

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4. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   opinion
   It’s OK to have an
   

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5. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   experiment
   It’s OK to
   

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6. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   Bootstrapping
   / ˈbo ͞
   otˌstraˌpiNG /
   Define:
   (…at least for this talk)
   Code that acts as
   an entry point
   into an app.
   

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7. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   Boilerplate
   / ˈboilərˌplāt /
   Define:
   The “glue” code that
   ties components
   together.
   (…at least for this talk)
   

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8. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   Frameworks are a
   tool
   

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9. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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   Going bare is a
   skill
   (that you don’t get with a framework)
   

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10. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    The of going bare
    skill
    • Writing bootstrap & boilerplate
    • Choosing exact components
    • Use different paradigms
    • Use those skills on domain code
    (Get to know the component ecosystem)
    (Like singleton, et al)
    (Gives you more control over how components interact)
    (Makes you better at writing your domain code)
    

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11. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myths
    about
    going
    frameworkless
    

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12. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myth #1
    You must write
    everything from
    scratch
    

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13. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myth #2
    You’re inherently
    anti-framework or
    anti-convention
    

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14. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myth #3
    You’ll spend most of
    your time on
    boilerplate instead of
    on domain code
    

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15. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myth #4
    You must be an
    architecture
    astronaut
    

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16. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Myth #5
    You like pain
    

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17. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    Framework
    Cons
    

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18. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    

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19. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    

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20. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    crazy
    fast
    You get started
    

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21. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    First-time
    install time
    minutes!
    5
    

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22. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    

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23. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    boilerplate
    all the things
    You don’t have to Con
    but it can be a
    

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24. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    bootstrap &
    boilerplate
    code
    You don’t have to maintain
    

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25. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    battle-tested
    The code is
    

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26. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    conventions
    Ready-to-follow
    Con
    but it can be a
    

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27. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    documentation
    Most frameworks
    have great
    

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28. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    marketable
    It makes you more
    

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29. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Pros
    pragmatic
    They are often
    

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30. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    cons?
    What about the
    

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31. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Cons
    legacy
    codebases
    Useless for
    

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32. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Cons
    cruft
    They fill your project with
    

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33. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Cons
    Cruft
    • Deployment takes longer
    • Upgrading pulls in all
    the new features
    

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34. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Cons
    tightly couple
    Easier to
    due to convenience
    

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35. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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36. 5.3
    

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37. 5.7
    2018-09-04
    

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38. View Slide

39. 5.7
    Did not
    support
    laravelcollective/html
    mccool/laravel-auto-presenter
    

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41. View Slide

42. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Cons
    upgrading
    Framework-specific deps
    can keep you from
    

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43. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    The
    The Cons
    Pros seem great
    are weak…
    

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44. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Why
    would you go bare?
    (To answer we must ask…)
    

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45. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    When
    should you go bare?
    

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46. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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47. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Greenfield Legacy
    Depends
    

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48. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    1%
    99%
    90%
    10%
    Go Bare Framwork
    Greenfield Legacy
    Going bare vs framework
    

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49. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    How
    do you go bare?
    

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50. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    from
    scratch
    You could just write
    

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51. joind.in/talk/2e67a
    @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
    

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52. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    That means writing all the things
    Router DBAL/ORM Dep Injection Logger
    

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53. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    reinventing
    the wheel
    But that’s like
    

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54. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Better Way™
    There’s a
    

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55. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    po-
    nents
    Com-
    

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56. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    components
    has a healthy ecosystem of
    

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57. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    using them
    You’re probably already
    

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58. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    built on them
    Most frameworks are
    zend-router zend-db zend-di zend-log
    

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59. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    choose ur candy
    Going bare lets you
    Look at all
    those smarties!
    Yum!
    

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60. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    I like smarties
    

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61. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Router DBAL/ORM Dep Injection Logger
    

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62. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    zend-router fast-route php-router phroute
    Routers
    Tons of variety
    

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63. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Easily installed with
    

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64. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    bag o’ candy
    A framework is like a
    Comes with
    licorice?
    Yuck!
    

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65. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    I don’t like licorice
    

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66. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    components
    When you go bare
    don’t just magically start
    working together
    

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67. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Key:
    Get comfy with
    bootstrapping &
    boilerplate code
    It’s really
    not that bad
    

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68. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    examples
    Real-world
    

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69. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    conventions
    When going bare, there aren’t any
    …so this is a way,
    not the way
    

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70. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Greenfield
    Let’s start with
    

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71. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Case study
    Raw
    CSV
    Calculate

    & save
    to DB
    Show
    report
    Client’s server Our server
    

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72. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Case study
    Download CSV & calculate
    CLI
    View the report
    HTTP Endpoint
    

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73. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    coding domain
    in 5 mins
    Install framework &
    

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74. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    61components
    installed before
    we code
    https://framework.zend.com/downloads
    

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75. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    go micro
    We could…
    Slim Silex
    (et al)
    

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76. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Silex
    DEAD!
    

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77. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    go bare! :)
    But let’s
    

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78. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Start in the CLI
    (Just like when you use a framework!)
    

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79. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    1. Make an empty
    composer.json or…
    $ composer init
    

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80. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    2. Make a folder for
    domain code
    $ mkdir src
    

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81. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    3. Add autoloading
    $ composer \
    dumpautoload
    And then run…
    

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82. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Now just install your
    components &
    tie them together
    

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83. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Key:
    Get comfy with
    bootstrapping &
    boilerplate code
    It’s really
    not that bad
    

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84. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Case study
    Download CSV & calculate
    CLI
    View the report
    HTTP Endpoint
    

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85. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Install a
    console component
    $ composer require symfony/console
    (or maybe you like zendframework/zend-console)
    

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86. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    src/Console/Runner.php
    

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87. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    We get to make our
    first bootstrap code!
    

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88. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    run (sans .php extension)
    $ chmod +x run
    

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89. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    $ ./run
    

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90. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    B.A.U.
    Now it’s just
    src/Console/Runner.php
    

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91. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    src/Console/CalculateReportsCommand.php
    

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92. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    $ ./run
    

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93. joind.in/talk/2e67a
    @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
    

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94. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Congrats!
    

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95. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Install the
    DI container
    $ composer require pimple/pimple
    (Choose your poison)
    

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96. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Need to
    make
    singleton
    ready
    src/Application.php
    

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97. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    Singleton
    Isn’t that an anti-pattern?
    

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98. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern
    

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99. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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100. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Singleton
     •Ensures one & only one instance
     •Global access (static function)
     •Initialization on first access
     

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101. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Fatal error: Call to private
     App\Application::__construct()
     src/Application.php
     

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102. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Application.php
     Global access
     + instantiate
     on first use
     

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103. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Get an instance of Application
     

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104. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Prevent cloning
     src/Application.php
     

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105. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Application.php
     Prevent unserialization
     

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106. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     •Ensures one & only one instance
     •Global access (static function)
     •Initialization on first access
     

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107. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Case study
     Download CSV & calculate
     CLI
     View the report
     HTTP Endpoint
     

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108. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     We get to make our
     final bootstrap code!
     

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109. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     public/index.php
     

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110. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Eh?
     

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111. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Application.php
     However you
     register service
     providers into the
     container
     (different DI containers have their own API)
     

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112. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Why not
     in constructor?
     

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113. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Application.php
     

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114. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Install
     a router
     $ composer require nikic/fast-route
     (Choose your poison)
     

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115. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     service provider
     Make a routing
     Pimple syntax - mileage my vary
     

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116. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Register in container
     src/Application.php
     

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117. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Router.php
     

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118. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Ugly A.F.
     src/routes.php
     

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119. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Different project,
     same component
     src/routes.php
     

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120. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     public/index.php
     run
     We got bootstrap
     Runs CLI Runs HTTP
     

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121. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     We got boilerplate
     src/Router.php
     src/Console/Runner.php
     symfony/console nikic/fast-route
     

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122. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Still not
     convinced?
     

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123. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     What about
     Legacy
     

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124. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Why
     would you go bare?
     It’s a skill you can use
     for legacy apps
     

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125. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     I’ll just rewrite this
     in x framework…
     

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126. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Totes
     samezies
     except routing
     

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127. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Route exists?
     Not found
     Router
     Yes No
     Code
     404
     

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128. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Route exists?
     Legacy router
     New router
     Yes No
     New code
     

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129. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     app/webroot/index.php
     Old CakePHP bootstrap file
     

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130. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/bootstrap.php
     Same as public/index.php for HTTP
     

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131. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Router.php
     

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132. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     tests?
     What about
     

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133. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Install
     PHPUnit
     $ composer require phpunit/phpunit --dev
     

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134. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     phpunit.xml
     

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135. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     tests/bootstrap.php
     

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136. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     src/Application.php
     

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137. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Run the
     test suite
     $ ./vendor/bin/phpunit
     

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138. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     How to choose your
     components
     

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139. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Use more than one
     framework
     #1
     

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140. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Search
     packagist.org
     #2
     (Make sure it has good docs &
     is actively maintained)
     

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141. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     experiments
     Try some
     

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142. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     100%
     middleware
     My next experiment:
     (I could totes use Zend Expressive or just go bare)
     

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143. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     pros?
     framework
     ‘member the
     

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144. joind.in/talk/2e67a
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     Framework pros
     Crazy fast
     to get started
     …but you’ll get faster
     at going bare
     

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145. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Framework pros
     to maintain
     …most the time it’s
     really not that bad
     No bootstrap & boilerplate code
     

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146. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Framework pros
     The code is
     …so are the
     components you use
     when going bare
     battle tested
     

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147. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Framework pros
     Great
     …so are the
     components you use
     when going bare
     documentation
     

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148. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Framework pros
     Makes you more
     …going bare is a
     marketable skill
     marketable
     

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149. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Framework pros
     They are often
     …in many contexts
     going bare is more
     pragmatic
     pragmatic
     

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150. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     myths?
     Did we bust the
     

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151. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     #1 You must write
     everything from scratch
     Nope,
     use components
     

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152. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     #2 You’re inherently anti-
     framework or anti-convention
     Nope, frameworks
     are great for most
     greenfield projects
     

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153. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     #3 You’ll spend most of your time
     on bootstrapping instead of on
     domain code
     It takes a little longer
     at first but you’ll get
     faster with practice
     

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154. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     #4 You must be an architecture
     astronaut
     Going bare is more
     pragmatic for legacy
     codebases
     

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155. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     #5 You like pain
     No, we just like to
     improve our skills
     

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156. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     

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157. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Remember:
     It’s all about
     tradeoffs.
     

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158. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Resources
     

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159. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Create a PHP
     application without
     a framework
     Patrick Louys
     https://github.com/PatrickLouys/no-
     framework-tutorial
     

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160. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     Refactoring
     Martin Fowler
     

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161. joind.in/talk/2e67a
     @SammyK #cascadiaphp18
     <3 frameworks
     I
     I also <3 my skill for
     Going Bare
     

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162. Sammy Kaye Powers
     Thanks!
     /talk/2e67a
     @SammyK
     SammyK.me
     Host of @PHPRoundtable
     

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