GraphQL を完全に理解する

Transcript

1. GraphQLΛ׬શʹཧղ͢Δ @sasumasax
3. ໨࣍ 1. GraphQL ͱ͸ͳʹ͔ 2. GraphQL ͕ग़͖ͯͨഎܠ 3. GraphQL ͕༩͑ΔΠϯύΫτ 4. GraphQL Λ͍ͭ࠾༻͢Δ͔
4. ಈػ • લ৬Ͱ GraphQL ࢖ͬͯศརͩͬͨ • ݱࡏͷҊ݅Ͱ GraphQL Λ࢖͍ͬͯΔ • @saboyutaka ͞Μͷ GraphQL ͷهࣄΛݟͯԿ΋Θ͔͍ͬͯͳ͔ͬͨ͜ͱ͕ Θ͔ͬͨ • ൓লͱͱ΋ʹ GraphQL ʹ͍ͭͯͷ஌ࣝΛ͜͜Ͱ੔ཧ͢Δ
5. ஫ҙ ※͋͘·Ͱݱ࣌఺Ͱͷ஌ࣝɾܦݧͰͷײ૝ɾ·ͱΊͰ͢ɻ
6. GraphQL ͱ͸ͳʹ͔
7. ͬ͘͟Γ͍͏ͱ • GraphQL ࣗମ͸ specʢ࢓༷ʣ • QLʢQuery LanguageʣͳͷͰ໰͍߹Θͤݴޠ • GraphQL Client ͱ GraphQL Server ؒͷϓϩτίϧ • Client ଆ΋ؚΊͯσβΠϯ͞Ε͍ͯΔ WebAPI ͷ࢓༷
8. ͲΜͳײ͡ͷ΋ͷ͔ ↑Λ࣮ݱ͢ΔͨΊͷ࢓༷
9. “Graph”QL ͳཧ༝ https://www.apollographql.com/blog/graphql/basics/the-concepts-of-graphql/
10. “Graph”QL ͳཧ༝ • ࠷ۙͷΞϓϦͷσʔλ͕ϊʔυͱΤοδͷάϥϑͰදݱͰ͖Δ͜ͱΛ׆༻ • GraphQL ͸ΫΤϦ݁ՌπϦʔΛੜ੒͢ΔͨΊͷ໰͍߹Θͤݴޠ • GraphQL ͷπϦʔߏ଄͸ΫϥΠΞϯταΠυͷΩϟογϡʹ͏͚ͬͯͭ • Same Path, Same Object • Same Object ID, Same Object • Apollo Client ͸ Cache ͞Ε͍ͯΔσʔλͷ f ield ͕ߋ৽͞ΕͨΒ Cache ΋ߋ৽ͯ͘͠ΕΔ
11. GraphQL ͷ࿩Ͱग़ͯ͘Δ༻ޠ • GraphQL Clientʢࡶʹ͍͏ͱ Query Λൃߦ͢Δ΋ͷʣ • GraphQL ServerʢGraphQL Λ࣮૷ͨ͠αʔόʔʣ • ResolverʢQuery ͰٻΊΒΕͨσʔλΛฦͨ͢Ίͷ΋ͷʣ • DataSourceʢσʔλΛอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δαʔόʔ΍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʣ
12. GraphQL ͷಈ࡞ݪཧ • Scheme Ͱσʔλ΍ΦϒδΣΫτͷϦϨʔγϣϯΛ͋Β͔͡Ίએݴ͢Δ • એݴ͞ΕͨScheme͸άϥϑߏ଄ʹͳΔ 
 • ΫϥΠΞϯτ͸ Query Λར༻͠σʔλͷऔಘΛߦ͏ • Query ͸͋ΔϊʔυΛϧʔτͱͨ͠໦ߏ଄ΛऔΓग़͢ૢ࡞ 
 • ύʔε͞Εͯߏங͞Εͨ໦ͷϊʔυΛͲ͏ղܾ͢Δ͔Λهड़ͨؔ͠਺ ʢResolverʣ্͕Ґ͔Βஈ֊తʹݺͼग़͞Εղܾ͍ͯ͘͠ • ྫ 
 • Resolver ͸ DataSource Ϋϥεͷؔ਺Λݺͼग़͢ɻDataSource ͸ HTTP Ϧ ΫΤετΛૹΔ΋ͷ΍DB ΁ SQL Λൃߦ͢Δ΋ͷɺϑΝΠϧΛಡΈࠐΈͳ ͲΛهड़ͨ͠Ϋϥεɻ 
 • શͯͷϊʔυͷresolve͕ऴΘΔͱɺϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢
13. GraphQL ͕ग़͖ͯͨഎܠ
14. ࡢࠓͷ Web ։ൃͷτϨϯυ ϑϩϯτΤϯυ • ϚϧνϓϥοτϑΥʔϜԽ • ϦονϑϩϯτΤϯυԽ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯಛੑ • ੡඼ͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ͕୹͘ɺAPI ʹର͢Δཁٻ͸ৗʹมԽ͢Δ αʔόʔαΠυ • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ • αʔόʔαΠυओମͷ API ઃܭ
15. ͜͏ͳΔ
16. BFF
17. ݸผ BFF ͷ՝୊ • BFFؒͰࣅͨΑ͏ͳॏෳ࣮૷ʹͳͬͯ͠·͏ • Ϧιʔεαʔόʔ΁ͷΞΫηεͷଟॏԽ͸ղܾ͞Ε͍ͯͳ͍ • ΫϥΠΞϯτ͝ͱʹ࡞ΔͷͰΫϥΠΞϯτ͕͋Δఔ౓େ͖͘ͳΔ·Ͱ͸ಋೖ ͞ΕͣΒ͍ • ͦΕ·Ͱ͸ΫϥΠΞϯτ͸όοΫΤϯυ౎߹Ͱ࡞ΒΕͨ API Ͱ΍Γ͘Γ͢ Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
18. Universal BFF ͱͯ͠ GraphQL Λ࠾༻͢Δ API Gateway Pattern ͷԸܙΛड͚Δ
19. ʲ༨ஊʳϞόΠϧϑΝʔετͱΠϯλʔωοτͷϑϩϯςΟΞ • GraphQL ͸ Facebook ൃͷ WebAPI ࢓༷ • 2015೥ʹOSSԽ • എܠʹ͸ϞόΠϧΫϥΠΞϯτͷٸ૿΍ɺωοτϫʔΫτϥϑΟοΫͷ૿େɺΞϓϦͷWebView͔ΒωΠςΟ ϒԽ͕͋ͬͨ • Facebook ͷΑ͏ͳੈքతͳ IT اۀ͸Ϗδωεͷ֦େͷͨΊʹɺະͩΠϯλʔωοτʹ߃ৗతʹ઀ଓ͢Δ͜ͱ ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ੈքͷ໿൒਺ʢ30ԯʣ΁ΠϯλʔωοτΛීٴͤ͞ΔϓϩδΣΫτΛܾߦ͍ͯ͠Δ • ΞϑϦΧΛऔΓғΉւఈέʔϒϧʮ2AfricaʯʢFacebook ͳͲʣ • 12,000 ΋ͷਓ޻Ӵ੕Λ૊Έ߹ΘͤͯӴ੕ϒϩʔυόϯυΛఏڙ͢ΔϓϩδΣΫτʮStarlinkʯʢSpaceXʣ • ↑ͷϓϩδΣΫτ͕͋Δ͜ͱ΋ߟ͑ΔͱϞόΠϧΫϥΠΞϯτͷϦιʔε(CPU, ϝϞϦ, ωοτϫʔΫ, όος Ϧʔ)Λ࠷খԽ͍ͨ͠ͱࢥ͏ͷ͸ࣗવ͔
20. GraphQL ΛೖΕΔͱԿ͕خ͍͔͠
21. ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷϝϦοτʢͷҰ෦ʣ • ϢʔεέʔεͷมߋʹॊೈʹରԠͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔ • Schema ʹΑΔࣗݾจॻԽʢ্࣮࣭ͷ API υΩϡϝϯτʣ • ΦʔόʔϑΣονɾΞϯμʔϑΣον͠ͳ͘ͳΔ • GraphQL ͷΈͳΒͣͦͷपΓͷΤίγεςϜͷԸܙΛड͚Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖Δ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷঢ়ଶ؅ཧͷϕετϓϥΫςΟεͱͯ͠ͷ Apollo Client
22. όοΫΤϯυͷϝϦοτʢͷҰ෦ʣ • ΫϥΠΞϯτ౎߹Ͱͷ API ͷ࢓༷΍ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷมߋΛݮΒ͢͜ͱ͕ग़ དྷΔ • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯɾσʔλετΞͷมߋ͕༰қʹͳΔ • ஈ֊తͳେن໛ΞʔΩςΫνϟมߋʹ΋ར༻Ͱ͖Δ • ΫϥΠΞϯτͷ؀ڥ࢓༷΁ͷߟྀΛݮΒ͢͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ • MicroservicesΛ࠾༻ͨ͠৔߹ͷ API ࢓༷ͷ౷ҰԽΛਤΔίετΛݮΒ͢ࣄ͕ ग़དྷΔ
23. ผͷ؍఺ͰͷϝϦοτ
24. ผͷ؍఺ͰͷϝϦοτ ރΕٕͨज़Λʮઓུతʹʯ࢖͍ͬͯΔͷ͔ɺ ރΕٕͨज़͔͠࢖͑ͳ͍ͷ͔͸େ͖ͳࠩ
25. GraphQL Λ͍ͭ࠾༻͢΂͖͔
26. ͜Μͳ࣌ʹ࠾༻͢Δͷ͕ྑͦ͞͏ʢΒ͍͠ʣ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυ͕ෳ਺ͷσʔλιʔεʹΞΫηε͍ͯ͠Δ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυͰෳ਺ͷϓϥοτϑΥʔϜͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ͕ଘࡏ͢Δ • αʔόʔαΠυ͕ Microservices Ͱ࣮૷͞Ε͍ͯΔ • طଘͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛมߋͳ͠ʹϞμϯͳϑϩϯτΤϯυΛ࣮૷͍ͨ͠ • ϑϩϯτΤϯυͰ GraphQL Λར༻࣮ͯ͠૷͍ͨ͠
27. ΋ͬͱ·ͱΊΔͱ • มԽɾਐԽ͠ଓ͚ΔΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ • ෳࡶੑͷߴ͍ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ
28. ݸਓతʹ͸ ϑϩϯτΤϯυ෼཭ʢϞϊϦε͡Όͳ͍ʣલఏͷϓϩδΣΫτͰɺద੾ͳֶश ίετΛ෷͑Δঢ়گͰ͋Ε͹ GraphQL ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͨΒ͍͍Μ͡Όͳ͍͔ͳͱ ࢥ͍ͬͯΔ ʢౖΒΕΔ͔ͳʣ
29. GraphQL ͸͍ΖΜͳܗͰಋೖͰ͖Δ
30. Ruby Ͱ΋͜Μͳͷ͕͋Δ https://graphql-ruby.org
31. ·ͱΊ
32. GraphQL ͸͍͍ͧ ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠