Managing WordPress with Ansible

Managing WordPress
with Ansible
1 — David Murphy @ WordCamp US, December 2015

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@schwuk
http://schwuk.com

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Managing WordPress
with Ansible

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Deploying WordPress
with Ansible

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why bother?

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do it
yourself

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knowing how to
do it yourself

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automattion

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automation

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why
automate
things?

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if you are going to
do something more
than once, automate
it
— me (and many others)

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choices

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choice #1:
software

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choice #2:
platform

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an abundance of choices:
Ubuntu • Debian
FreeBSD • OpenBSD • NetBSD
Fedora • CentOS
openSUSE • Slackware
Gentoo • Arch Linux
CoreOS

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they are
all good

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choice #3:
hosting

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a plethora of choices:
Bluehost • InMotion Hosting • DreamHost
HostGator • WP Engine • GoDaddy
Pagely • Media Temple
DigitalOcean • Linode • Vultr
Amazon Web Services
Google Cloud Platform
Microsoft Azure

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shared
hosting

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virtual
private
server

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cloud

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they are not
all equal

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choice #4:
tool

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Puppet
Chef
Salt
Ansible

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Ansible is a powerful
automation tool
that you can learn
quickly.

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inventory
playbooks
roles

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inventory

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sample inventory
[webservers]
www1.example.com
www2.example.com
[dbservers]
db0.example.com
db1.example.com

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naming patterns
[webservers]
www[01:50].example.com
[databases]
db-[a:f].example.com

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groups-of-groups
[web]
host1
host2
[database]
host2
host3
[site:children]
web
database

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my inventory
[development]
my_vagrant_host ansible_sudo=yes
[production]
wcus.schwuk.com

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demo

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playbooks

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sample playbook
---
- hosts: webservers
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ensure apache is at the latest version
yum: pkg=httpd state=latest
- name: write the apache config file
template: src=/srv/httpd.j2 dest=/etc/httpd.conf
- hosts: databases
remote_user: root
tasks:
- name: ensure postgresql is at the latest version
yum: name=postgresql state=latest
- name: ensure that postgresql is started
service: name=postgresql state=running

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modules

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yum
- name: install the latest version of Apache
yum: name=httpd state=latest
- name: remove the Apache package
yum: name=httpd state=absent
- name: install the latest version of Apache from↩
the testing repo
yum: name=httpd enablerepo=testing state=present
- name: install one specific version of Apache
yum: name=httpd-2.2.29-1.4.amzn1 state=present

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template
# Example from Ansible Playbooks
- template: src=/mytemplates/foo.j2 dest=/etc/file.conf↩
owner=bin group=wheel mode=0644
# The same example, but using symbolic modes equivalent to 0644
- template: src=/mytemplates/foo.j2 dest=/etc/file.conf↩
owner=bin group=wheel mode="u=rw,g=r,o=r"

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service
# Example action to start service httpd, if not running
- service: name=httpd state=started
# Example action to stop service httpd, if running
- service: name=httpd state=stopped
# Example action to restart service httpd, in all cases
- service: name=httpd state=restarted
# Example action to reload service httpd, in all cases
- service: name=httpd state=reloaded
# Example action to enable service httpd, and not touch↩
the running state
- service: name=httpd enabled=yes

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modules, modules, modules
→ command, get_url
→ apt, apt_key, apt_repository
→ digital_ocean, linode, ec2, gce, docker
→ irc, slack, hipchat, mail
→ mysql_db, mysql_user
→ git, subversion

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install → conﬁgure → control

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apt → template → service

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deploying
WordPress

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famous 5-minute install1
→ download/unzip
→ create database
→ edit conﬁg
→ upload
1 http://codex.wordpress.org/InstallingWordPress#Famous5-
Minute_Install

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a better example
→ install packages
→ create database, then database user
→ download/unzip
→ edit conﬁg
→ conﬁgure webserver
→ ensure webserver is running

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ﬁrst, some variables
vars:
db_name: wcus
db_user: wcus
db_password: correcthorsebatterystaple
site_name: wcus.schwuk.com
site_alias: wcus

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install the packages
- name: Install mysql-server
apt: name=mysql-server state=present↩
update_cache=yes cache_valid_time=3600
- name: Install apache2
apt: name=apache2 state=present
- name: Install libapache2-mod-php5
apt: name=libapache2-mod-php5 state=present
- name: Install php5-mysql
apt: name=php5-mysql state=present
- name: Install python-mysqldb
apt: name=python-mysqldb state=present
- name: Install python-httplib2
apt: name=python-httplib2 state=present

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install the packages, take two
- name: Install required packages
apt:
name: "{{ item }}"
state: present
update_cache: yes
cache_valid_time: 3600
with_items:
- mysql-server
- apache2
- libapache2-mod-php5
- php5-mysql
- python-mysqldb
- python-httplib2

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setup the database
- name: Create WordPress database
mysql_db:
name: "{{ db_name }}"
state: present
- name: Create WordPress user
mysql_user:
name: "{{ db_user }}"
password: "{{ db_password }}"
priv: "{{ db_name }}.*:ALL"
state: present

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install WordPress
- name: Create directory for WordPress
file:
path: /srv/{{ site_alias }}
state: directory
mode: 0755
- name: Get WordPress
get_url:
url: http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
dest: /tmp/wordpress.tar.gz
- name: Extract WordPress
unarchive:
src: /tmp/wordpress.tar.gz
dest: /srv/{{ site_alias }}
copy: no

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edit the conﬁg
- name: Generate Keys and Salts
uri:
url: https://api.wordpress.org/secret-key/1.1/salt/
dest: /srv/{{ site_alias }}/keys.php
creates: /srv/{{ site_alias }}/keys.php
- name: Configure WordPress
template:
src: wp-config.php
dest: /srv/{{ site_alias }}/wordpress/wp-config.php
owner: root
group: root
mode: 0644

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wp-config.php
define('DB_NAME', '{{ db_name }}');
define('DB_USER', '{{ db_user }}');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '{{ db_password }}');
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('DB_CHARSET', 'utf8');
define('DB_COLLATE', '');
include dirname( __FILE__ ) . '../keys.php';
$table_prefix = 'wp_';
define('WP_DEBUG', false);
if ( !defined('ABSPATH') )
define('ABSPATH', dirname(__FILE__) . '/');
require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-settings.php');

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conﬁgure the webserver
- name: Configure webserver
template:
src: apache-site.conf
dest: /etc/apache2/sites-available/{{ site_alias }}.conf
owner: root
group: root
mode: 0644
notify:
- restart apache
- name: Disable default site_alias
command: a2dissite 000-default
- name: Enable WordPress site
command: a2ensite {{ site_alias }}

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handling events
handlers:
- name: restart apache
service: name=apache2 state=restarted

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demo

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next
steps

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opinionated

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there's more than
one way to do it
— Perl community (and Larry Wall)

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questions?

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Managing WordPress with Ansible

Managing WordPress with Ansible

David Murphy

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