Android Development with Gradle

@ 2014 Google I/O Extended Taipei

Transcript

1. Android Development with Gradle shakalaca @ Google I/O Extended Taipei http://goo.gl/QTcTlP
2. Hello ! I’m Shaka • Co-Organizer @ GDG Taipei • Consultant @ SleepNOVA, Inc. • CTO @ SmarTapper Co., Ltd. http:/ /about.me/shakalaca
3. What is gradle ? Gradle is build automation evolved. Gradle can automate the building, testing, publishing, deployment and more of software packages or other types of projects such as generated static websites, generated documentation or indeed anything else. ! Gradle combines the power and flexibility of Ant with the dependency management and conventions of Maven into a more effective way to build. Powered by a Groovy DSL and packed with innovation, Gradle provides a declarative way to describe all kinds of builds through sensible defaults. Gradle is quickly becoming the build system of choice for many open source projects, leading edge enterprises and legacy automation challenges. - http:/ /www.gradle.org/
4. .. short version An open source build system that combines the power of Ant & Maven but easy to use
5. Why (google wants to change the build system to) gradle ? • Simplify and unify project dependency management in IDE & CLI • Think about Eclipse & ant (ci server) • Android Studio is coming ! BETA
6. Should I use it ? • For small project • Easy to convert • For large project • Worth trying if it can simplify the configurations (dependency) • For project with variants • Time for better management tool
7. How gradle works ? • Lifecycle • Initialisation • Configuration • Execution • Build scripts • build.gradle • settings.gradle (optional) • gradle.properties (optional) http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/build_lifecycle.html
8. Command • gradle <task name> • tasks • clean • assemble • assembleRelease • assembleDebug • aR / asD • check • build (assemble + check)
9. Android integration • gradle android plugin • http:/ /tools.android.com/tech-docs/new- build-system/ • output • <project>/build/output/apk/
10. Setup • Install gradle • http:/ /www.gradle.org/docs/current/ userguide/installation.html • Install add-on for Android • SDK Manager
12. Project structure • <project_dir>/ • gradle wrapper • configuration files • *.gradle / *.properties • app • library • lib1, lib2 …
13. gradle wrapper • Helper for project building • Compile your code anywhere • Easy to install • Just run “gradle wrapper” under project directory
14. gradle wrapper
15. <project>/ gradle.properties • Gradle specific settings • org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx2048m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError - Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 • org.gradle.parallel=true • Project wide variables • var_name_you_want_to_use=value • use with project.var_name_you_want_to_use http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/build_environment.html
16. <project>/ settings.gradle
17. <project>/build.gradle
18. <project>/app/ build.gradle
19. <project>/app/ build.gradle
20. <project>/app/ build.gradle
21. Android packages ! • com.android.support:support-v4:19.1.0 • com.android.support:support-v13:19.1.0 • com.android.support:appcompat-v7:19.1.0 • com.android.support:gridlayout-v7:19.1.0 • com.android.support:mediarouter-v7:19.1.0 • com.google.android.gms:play-services:4.4.52 • com.android.support:support-annotations:19.1.0
22. <project>/app/ build.gradle
23. defaultConfig • versionCode • versionName • minSdkVersion • targetSdkVersion • applicationId (old: packageName) • signingConfig • proguardFile • proguardFiles • testApplicationId (old: testPackageName) • testInstrumentationR unner
24. <project>/app/ build.gradle
25. <project>/app/ build.gradle
26. Build types • default 2 types: debug & release • for debugging & signing • custom type • custom.initWith(buildTypes.debug)
27. Build types • debuggable • jniDebugBuild • renderscriptDebugBuild • renderscriptOptimLevel • applicationIdSuffix (old: packageNameSuffix) • versionNameSuffix • signingConfig • zipAlign • runProguard • proguardFile • proguardFiles
28. <project>/app/ build.gradle
29. <project>/app/ build.gradle
30. lint options • change severity • options: http:/ /tools.android.com/tips/lint-checks • ex: fatal 'NewApi', ‘InlineApi' • error/warning/ignore • reports • textReport/xmlReport/htmlReport (boolean) • textOutput/xmlOutput/htmlOutput (file) http:/ /tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system/user-guide#TOC-Lint-support
31. For the brave… • abortOnError true • checkAllWarnings true • warningsAsErrors true
32. Other options • packagingOptions
 { exclude ‘META-INF/LICENSE.txt' 
 exclude ‘META-INF/NOTICE.txt’ } • aaptOptions
 { useAaptPngCruncher = true } • compileOptions
 { sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7
 targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7 }
33. <project>/libproject/ build.gradle
34. <project>/libproject/ build.gradle
35. Happy building • Write build.gradle & settings.gradle in project root directory • Write build.gradle in app / library project directory • Build: gradle assemble • <app>/build/outputs/apk/
36. Build variant • Creating different versions of same application • free/paid • multi-apk • Build Variant = Build Type + Product Flavor
37. Product flavor • Defines a customised version of application build by the project • Free / Paid • Amazon / Play Store / blah store • Same type as defaultConfig
39. Build • gradle assemblePaid • gradle aPD / gradle aPR • gradle assembleFree • gradle aFD / gradle aFR
41. All samples are here http:/ /github.com/shakalaca/ learning_gradle_android
42. References • Documentation • http:/ /tools.android.com/tech-docs/new-build-system (Guide / Samples) • http:/ /www.gradle.org/documentation • Forums • https:/ /plus.google.com/u/0/communities/114791428968349268860 • https:/ /groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/adt-dev • http:/ /stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/gradle • Tool • http:/ /gradleplease.appspot.com/ • git@github.com:nenick/android-gradle-template.git
43. Or follow me @ • G+ • http:/ /google.com/profiles/shakalaca • Blog • http:/ /23pin.logdown.com • Taipei GDG (G+ Community) • https:/ /plus.google.com/communities/ 100566773212437391191
44. Q & A
45. Maven repository
46. Why & How ? • Time is money • Use aar instead of re-compiling everything • aar: Binary distribution of an Android Library Project • http:/ /tools.android.com/tech-docs/new- build-system/aar-format
47. Project layout
48. root-build.gradle
49. library/build.gradle
50. project/build.gradle • archivesBaseName • version
51. app/build.gradle
52. How • deploy library • ./gradlew deploy • use local repository • ./gradlew as -PuseRepo