Android, A premiere

Gave this talk at Jyothi Nivas College at Bangalore, India. It was to just get the students introduced to the world of Android

Transcript

1. To err is human and to blame it on a computer is even more so. -­  Robert  Orben  
3. Shrayas  
4. Shrayas   Research  Engineer   1  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1  1  1                                                                                                                                0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  1  1  0  0  1    
5. Shrayas   Research  Engineer   1  1  1  1  0  0  0  0  1  1  1  1                                                                                                                                0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  0  1  1  1  0  0  1    
6. …
7. 2 Rules
8. sir  
9. sir  
10. Q   ?   ?   ?   ?   ?   ?  
11. Q   ?   ?   ?   ?   ?   ?  
12. …
18. WE ARE GOINGZ TO HATEZ U
19. ANDROID WE ARE GOINGZ TO LOU U
20. Agenda     What is Android   History   Layers   Native Applications
21. WHAT? Is  that  green  cute  thing?  
22. Yes   No   OS  Opera9ng   System  
23. Yes   OS  Opera9ng   System   “Yes  ,  android  IS  an  OS”  
24. No   OS  Opera9ng   System   “No  No,  its  something  else”  
25. No   “Android  isn’t  an  opera<ng  system.”  
27. Software Stack
28. { Software Stack linux based kernel
29. Middleware Key applications Operating System { Software Stack linux based kernel
30. Middleware Key applications Operating System { Software Stack linux based kernel
31. Android “Android  isn’t  just  an  opera<ng  system…   Its  something  more.”  
32. Open Source developer developer developer developer tester tester
33. developer? Android
34. http://developer.android.com/sdk/index.html
35. SDK
36. SDK •  Java •  Brains :)
37. SDK •  Java •  Brains :) http://developer.android.com/guide/basics/what-is-android.html
38. …
39. HISTORY .. WHOSE? MY STORY?
40. 2005 2003
41. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California  
42. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded
43. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded
44. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded
45. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded
46. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded CHRIS WHITE
47. 2003 2005 October     @Palo  Alto,  California   Android, Inc. Was founded “..smarter mobile devices that are more aware of its owner's location and preferences." CHRIS WHITE
48. 2005 2003 August  
49. 2005 2003 August   Google acquires Android, Inc.
50. 2005 2003 August   Google acquires Android, Inc. CW
51. 2005 2003 August   Google acquires Android, Inc. CW “..Google was planning to enter the mobile phone market with this move.
52. Late 2007 2006 -­‐  Early  2007  
53. Late 2007 2006 -­‐  Early  2007   Focus was purely development.
54. Late 2007 2006 -­‐  Early  2007   Focus was purely development. Based on the linux kernel
55. Late 2007 2006 -­‐  Early  2007   Focus was purely development. Based on the linux kernel Rumors of a handset
56. 2006 Late 2007
57. 2006 Late 2007 Open Handset Alliance formed
58. 2006 Late 2007 Open Handset Alliance formed
59. 2006 Late 2007 Open Handset Alliance formed “…to develop open standards for mobile devices”
60. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?  
61. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   1.0 September  23rd  2008  
62. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   1.1 February  9th  2009  
63. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   1.5 30th  April  2009  
64. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   1.6 15th  September  2009  
65. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   2.1 26th  October  2009  
66. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   2.2 20th  May  2010  
67. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   2.3 6th  December  2010  
68. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   3.x 22nd  February  2011  
69. Version History 1.0   1.1   1.5   1.6   2.0  /  2.1   2.2   2.3   3.x   4.0?   4.0 Q4  2011  
70. …
71. WE DEMAND LAYERS!
72. The Android open-source software stack , based on the linux kernel consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework on top of Java core libraries running on a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation. Libraries written in C include the surface manager, OpenCore media framework, SQLite relational database management System, OpenGL ES graphics API, WebKit layout engine and the like. Layers  
73. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
74. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
75. Linux Kernel Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel  
76. Linux Kernel 2.6   Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel  
77. Linux Kernel Security memory management process management network stack driver model. 2.6   Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel  
78. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
79. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Middleware
80. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Middleware Libraries   C   C++   Exposed through android app framework
81. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Middleware Libraries   Android  Run9me   C   C++   Exposed through android app framework Dalvik  Virtual  Machine   JIT   The set of core libraries providing most functionality
82. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein  
83. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein  
84. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex  
85. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed  
86. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Dalvik  VM   Encode,  Execute  
87. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture  
88. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute  
89. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Encode,  Execute  
90. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute  
91. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute   DX  
92. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute   DX   .class   .class   .class   .class  
93. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute   DX   .class   .class   .class   .class  
94. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute   DX   .class   .class   .class   .class   DEX  File  
95. Dalvik Virtual Machine -­‐  Dan  Bornstein   .dex   Memory   Processing  Speed   Java  VM   Stack  based  architecture   Dalvik  VM   Register  based  architecture   Pop  ,  Encode  ,  execute   Encode,  Execute   DX   .class   .class   .class   .class   DEX  File   .class   .class   .class   Java  bytecode  (dalvik)   Other  Resources  
96. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.”
97. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Modes of Runtime Operation
98. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers  
99. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers   Translated  from  a  high-­‐level     language  to  a  machine  code     con9nuously     during  every  execu9on  
100. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers   Compiled  code  is  translated     Into  machine  code  before   Execu9on  and  it  requires   this  transala9on  only  once  
101. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers   Translated  from  a  high-­‐level     language  to  a  machine  code     con9nuously     during  every  execu9on   Compiled  code  is  translated     Into  machine  code  before   Execu9on  and  it  requires   this  transala9on  only  once  
102. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers   Translated  from  a  high-­‐level     language  to  a  machine  code     con9nuously     during  every  execu9on   Compiled  code  is  translated     Into  machine  code  before   Execu9on  and  it  requires   this  transala9on  only  once  
103. JIT   Just In Time “Method to improve the runtime performance of computer programs.” Interpreter   Compilers   “A hybrid approach, with translation occurring continuously, as with interpreters, but with caching of translated code to minimize performance degradation."
104. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Middleware Libraries   Android  Run9me   C   C++   Exposed through android app framework Dalvik  Virtual  Machine   JIT   The set of core libraries providing most functionality
105. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
106. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System
107. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm  
108. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components
109. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components Views  
110. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components Views   Content  providers  
111. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components Views   Content  providers   Resource  Manager  
112. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components Views   Content  providers   Resource  Manager   No9fica9on  Manager  
113. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Operating System Open   Plaborm   Rich & Innovative Applications Advantage of device H/W , Location info, BG services, etc Full access to same API’s used by core applications Reusability of components Views   Content  providers   Resource  Manager   Ac9vity  Manager   No9fica9on  Manager  
114. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
115. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Key Applications Core Applications Java  
116. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   Key Applications Core Applications Java  
117. Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel   } Software Stack
118. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers  
119. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers   Android   Key  Applica9ons   Opera9ng  System   Middleware   Linux  Kernel  
120. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers   2.6  
121. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers  
122. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers  
123. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers  
124. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers   .dex  
125. The Android open-source software stack is based on the linux kernel and consists of Java applications running on a Java-based object-oriented application framework sitting on top of core libraries written in C . In Addition , the runtime consists of a Dalvik virtual machine featuring JIT compilation Layers   .dexJIT  
126. …
127. Native Applications
128. Java
129. Java Android SDK
130. Java Android SDK Android PacKage
131. Java Android SDK Android PacKage APK
132. #include<stdio.h> Void main() { printf(“Angry Birds”); } .apk
133. APK
134. DIE PIGZ ! DIE!
137. Each Application is a User
138. Each Application is a User Unique linux user ID Chmod 777
139. Each Application is a User Unique linux user ID Chmod 777 Each Process has its own VM
140. Each Application is a User Unique linux user ID Chmod 777 Each Process has its own VM Isolation
141. Each Application is a User Unique linux user ID Chmod 777 Each Process has its own VM Isolation “Principle of least privilege”
142. Each Application is a User Unique linux user ID Chmod 777 Each Process has its own VM Isolation “Principle of least privilege” Each  applica<on,  by  default,  has  access  only  to  the  components  that  it  requires     to  do  its  work  and  no  more.  
143. Application Components
144. Activities Services Content Providers Broadcast Receivers Intents
145. Activities Services Content Providers Broadcast Receivers Intents 5
146. Activities Services Content Providers Broadcast Receivers Intents 5
147. Activities Single  smallest  independent  en9ty   A single screen with A User Interface
148. Services Never  underes9mate  the  quiet  guy  in  the  class   Runs in the BG performing long-running Operations No UI
149. Filesystem, SQLite Content Providers Don’t  we  all  love  the  mail  man?  :)   Manages a shared set of application data Content provider sets permissions
150. Screen off, Batt low, Data DL Broadcast Receivers Because  lets  face  it  ,  the  familiar  IPL  sound  broadcasted  makes  us  ROAR!   Responds to system wide broadcasts Apps can also broadcast Notification
151. K   Intents We  NEED  to  know!   Activities Services Broadcast Recievers +   +   KILLER
153. myapp.apk
154. https://market.android.com/publish/signup $25.00 One  9me  registera9on  fee  
155. WE R GREEDY ! Your Application here :)
156. “Stay Hungry , Stay Foolish”