中〜大規模アプリの minne はどうアーキテクチャを選定したか

https://pepabo.connpass.com/event/219431/

で話したスライドです。

Transcript

1. どうアーキテクチャを 選定したか 中〜大規模アプリの minne は GMO ϖύϘ ҏ౻ ୓ւ (tick-taku)
2. WHO ARE YOU? 伊藤 拓海 tick-taku ▸ ฌݿݝ໌ੴࢢग़਎ ▸ 2020/12 GMO ϖύϘ த్ೖࣾ ▸ Android ΞϓϦΤϯδχΞ (໿4೥) ▸ લ৬͸ SIer Ͱ IoT ܥͷΞϓϦΛ։ൃ ▸ ޷͖ͳݴޠ: Kotlin, Python ▸ झຯ : ࣗసं, ఱମ؍ଌ, ྉཧ, ΨδΣοτूΊ ▸ Twitter: @tick_taku77
3. minne
4. Android meetup #android_meetup Twitter でハッシュタグをつけてコメントして イベントを盛り上がりましょう！！
5. ΞδΣϯμ ▸ ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ minne ʹ͓͚ΔΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙ ▸ MVC / MVP / MVVM ▸ Ͳ͏ΞʔΩςΫνϟΛબఆ͢Δ͔ ▸ minne Ͱ͸Ͳ͏બఆ͔ͨ͠ ▸ Repository / UseCase
6. લఏ ▸ ࠓճͷ࿩͸ GUI ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷΞʔΩςΫνϟʹ͍ͭͯͰ͢ ▸ MVC ΍ MVVM ͳͲΛɺΞʔΩςΫνϟύλʔϯͱݺͼ·͢ ▸ σβΠϯύλʔϯ͸Φϒβʔόʔύλʔϯͱ͔΋ͬͱਂ͍ͱ͜ΖΛࢦ͢ͷͰ ▸ αϯϓϧίʔυ͸งғؾΛ͔ͭΜͰ΋Β͏ͨΊͳͷͰॾʑ͸͠ΐͬͨΓͯ͠Δͱ͜Ζ͕͋Γ·͢… ▸ αϯϓϧίʔυ಺Ͱग़ͯ͘Δॲཧ͸ҎԼͷϥΠϒϥϦΛ࢖༻͍ͯ͠·͢ ▸ REST API ΫϥΠΞϯτ : Retrofit2 ▸ ඇಉظॲཧ : Kotlin Coroutine ▸ Jetpack : LiveData, ViewModel
7. ૝ఆࢹௌऀ૚ Android 初級者 ~ 中級者 向け Android ΞϓϦ࢝ΊͯΈͨ ΋ͬͱεοΩϦίʔυ͕ॻ͖͍ͨ ΞʔΩςΫνϟͲ͏͍͔ͯ͘͠໎͏ ͳͲͳͲ
8. どうアーキテクチャを 選定したか 中〜大規模アプリの minne は
9. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟ Λ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔
10. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔
11. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ νʔϜ։ൃ࣌ͷ࣮૷ͷόϥπΩΛ๷͗ɺϦϢʔβϏϦςΟΛߴΊΔ
12. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ νʔϜ։ൃ࣌ͷ࣮૷ͷόϥπΩΛ๷͗ɺϦϢʔβϏϦςΟΛߴΊΔ ▸ ֤ϨΠϠΛͦͷ··Ϟδϡʔϧʹམͱ͠ࠐΊΔ
13. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ νʔϜ։ൃ࣌ͷ࣮૷ͷόϥπΩΛ๷͗ɺϦϢʔβϏϦςΟΛߴΊΔ ▸ ֤ϨΠϠΛͦͷ··Ϟδϡʔϧʹམͱ͠ࠐΊΔ ▸ εϜʔζʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ೺Ѳɾղੳ͕Ͱ͖Δ
14. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ νʔϜ։ൃ࣌ͷ࣮૷ͷόϥπΩΛ๷͗ɺϦϢʔβϏϦςΟΛߴΊΔ ▸ ֤ϨΠϠΛͦͷ··Ϟδϡʔϧʹམͱ͠ࠐΊΔ ▸ εϜʔζʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ೺Ѳɾղੳ͕Ͱ͖Δ ▸ ػೳमਖ਼ʹ͔͔Δίετ͕Լ͕Δ
15. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ νʔϜ։ൃ࣌ͷ࣮૷ͷόϥπΩΛ๷͗ɺϦϢʔβϏϦςΟΛߴΊΔ ▸ ֤ϨΠϠΛͦͷ··Ϟδϡʔϧʹམͱ͠ࠐΊΔ ▸ εϜʔζʹΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷ೺Ѳɾղੳ͕Ͱ͖Δ ▸ ػೳमਖ਼ʹ͔͔Δίετ͕Լ͕Δ ▸ ςελϏϦςΟ͕޲্͢Δ ͳͲ…
16. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ▸ ࠶ར༻ੑ ▸ Ϟδϡʔϧੑ ▸ ղੳੑ ▸ मਖ਼ੑ ▸ ࢼݧੑ
17. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ อकੑΛߴΊΔ
18. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷΞδϦςΟΛߴΊΔ
19. ͳͥΞʔΩςΫνϟΛ࠾༻͢Δͷ͔ Ϣʔβ΁ ΑΓߴ඼࣭ͳαʔϏεΛ ਝ଎ʹఏڙ͢ΔͨΊ
20. minne ʹ͓͚Δ ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙
21. ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙ ࠞಱͷ࣌୅
22. ࠞಱͷ࣌୅ private typealias HogeTaskListener = () -> Hoge class HogeActivity: AppCompatActivity() { inner class HogeTask: AsyncTask() { private var listener: HogeTaskListener? = null private fun setListener(l: HogeTaskListener) { listener = l } override fun doInBackground() { Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl("https://hoge.com/") .build() .create(HogeService::class.java) .fetch() .subscribe( onSuccess = { listener?.invoke(it) } ) } } private var task: HogeTask? = null override fun onCreate() { button.setOnClickListener { task = HogeTask().also { it.setListener { hoge -> binding.textView.text = hoge.fuga } it.execute() } } } } ‣ ΠϕϯτΛॲཧ ‣ AsyncTask ͰඇಉظॲཧΛ࣮ߦ ‣ σʔλͷऔಘɾ௨৴ ‣ σʔλΛϨΠΞ΢τ ‣ etc … Activity ಺Ͱશ෦΍Δ อकੑ΋ͳʹ΋͋ͬͨ΋ͷͰ͸…
23. ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙ MVC
24. MVC Model ϏδωεϩδοΫ View UI ϩδοΫ Controller ϓϨθϯςʔγϣϯ ϩδοΫ ※໼ҹ͸σʔλϑϩʔ
25. MVC class HogeModel { private val client = Retrofit.Builder() .baseUrl("https://hoge.com/") .build() .create(HogeService::class.java) suspend fun fetch(): Hoge { return client.fetch() } suspend fun post(hoge: Hoge) { client.post(hoge) } }
26. MVC class HogeView: View() { private val model = HogeModel() override fun onAttachedToWindow() { update() } fun setHoge(hoge: Hoge) { textView.text = hoge.fuga } fun update() { findViewTreeLifecycleOwner()?.lifecycleScope ?.launchWhenStarted { val hoge = model.fetch() setHoge(hoge) } } }
27. MVC class HogeActivity: AppCompatActivity() { private val model: HogeModel = HogeModel() override fun onCreate() { binding.hogeView.setOnClickListener { lidecycleScope.launchWhenStarted { model.post(Hoge()) binding.hogeView.update() } } } }
28. MVC ▸ ੹຿͕෼͔ΕΔ͜ͱͰͲ͜ͰԿΛ͍ͯ͠Δ͔෼͔Γ΍͘͢ͳͬͨ ▸ Model ͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ΔࣄʹΑΔ࣮૷εϐʔυͷ޲্ ▸ Git Λ࢖ͬͯΔͱෳ਺ਓͰಉ࣌࡞ۀ͕΍Γ΍͘͢ͳΔ
29. MVC Activity は Controller ? View ? 🤔
30. MVC View + Controller = Activity ? 🤔
31. MVC 🤔 Controller の概念が曖昧
32. MVC 😇 FatActivity になる 実際にビルドして確認するまでロジックが正しいか わからない ʹ
33. MVC 😇 規模が大きい Android アプリに向いていないのでは
34. ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙ MVP
35. MVP
36. MVP
37. MVP interface HogeContract { interface View { fun show(hoge: Hoge) } interface Presenter { suspend fun fetch() suspend fun post(hoge: Hoge) } }
38. MVP class HogeActivity: AppCompatActivity(), HogeContract.View { private val presenter: HogeContract.Presneter by lazy { HogePresenter(this, HogeModel()) } override fun onCreate() { lifecycleScope.launchWhenStarted { presenter.fetch() } binding.hogeView.setOnClickListener { hoge -> lifecycleScope.launchWhenStarted { presenter.post(hoge) } } } override fun show(hoge: Hoge) { binding.hogeView.setHoge(hoge) } }
39. MVP class HogePresenter( private val view: HogeContract.View, private val model: HogeModel ): HogeContract.Presenter { override suspend fun fetch() { val hoge = model.fetch() withContext(Dispatcher.Main) { view.show(hoge) } } override suspend fun post(hoge: Hoge) { model.post(hoge) } }
40. MVP MVC ͱൺ΂ͯ ▸ σʔλͷྲྀΕ͕୯Ұํ޲ʹͳͬͨ ▸ ϓϨθϯςʔγϣϯϩδοΫΛ Activity ͔Β੾Γग़͠΍͍͢ ▸ ςετ͕ॻ͖΍͍͢ ▸ ৑௕ԽʹΑΓ୹ظతͳ࣮૷ͷεϐʔυ͕མͪΔ
41. ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷྺ࢙ MVVM
42. MVVM
43. MVVM
44. MVVM class HogeActivity: AppCompatActivity() { private val viewModel: HogeViewModel by viewModels() override fun onCreate() { viewModel.hoge.observe(this) { hoge -> binding.hogeView.setHoge(hoge) } binding.hogeView.setOnClickListener { hoge -> viewModel.post(hoge) } } }
45. MVVM class HogeViewModel( private val model: HogeModel ): ViewModel() { private val _hoge: MutableLiveData<Hoge> = MutableLiveData() val hoge: LiveData<Hoge> = _hoge fun fetch() { viewModelScope.launch { _hoge.value = model.fetch() } } fun post(hoge: Hoge) { viewModelScope.launch { model.post(hoge) } } }
46. MVVM MVP ͱൺ΂ͯ ▸ ViewModel ͔ΒͷΦϒβʔόʔύλʔϯʹͳͬͨ ▸ ެࣜ (Google) ͕ MVVM Λҙࣝͨ͠ϥΠϒϥϦΛఏڙͯ͘͠Ε͍ͯΔ ▸ ViewModelɺLiveDataɺDataBindingɺetc … ▸ ࣮૷ɾֶशίετͷ૿Ճ
47. Ͳ͏બఆ͢Δͷʁ
48. Ͳ͏બఆ͢Δͷʁ MVC ▸ খن໛ΞϓϦ΍୹ظ։ൃ MVP ▸ ࣗ༝ʹϥΠϒϥϦ͕બ୒ɾಋೖͰ͖ͳ͍ ▸ MVVM ʹൺ΂ͯɺ࣮૷εϐʔυΛॏࢹ͢Δ৔߹ MVVM ▸ தʙେن໛ͳΞϓϦͰ Google ͷαϙʔτ͕ड͚ΒΕΔ
49. minne Ͱ͸
50. minne Ͱ͸ ▸ தن໛ͱେن໛ͷதؒ͘Β͍ ▸ νʔϜϝϯόʔ͸গ਺ਫ਼Ӷ🤔 ▸ εΫϥϜ։ൃ ( 1εϓϦϯτ = 1िؒ ) ▸ ୹͍εύϯͰਝ଎ͳίϯςϯπσϦόϦʔ͕ٻΊΒΕΔ ▸ ͋Δఔ౓ࣗ༝ʹϥΠϒϥϦΛಋೖͰ͖Δ
51. minne Ͱ͸ ▸ View ͷΞΫγϣϯΛϋϯυϦϯά/εςʔτΛ؅ཧ͢Δ ViewModel ▸ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯݻ༗ͷϏδωεϩδοΫΛ୲౰͢Δ UseCase ▸ σʔλΞΫηεΛ୲͏ Repository MVVM + UseCase + Repository 3૚ Layered Architecture
52. Repository = ґଘઌ
53. Repository
54. Repository Repository って何？ 🤔
55. Repository
56. Repository なぜ Repository がいるの？ 🤔
57. Repository ύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δ໨త
58. Repository ύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δ໨త ▸ σʔλΞΫηεΛ࠶ར༻͢Δ
59. Repository ύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δ໨త ▸ σʔλͷऔಘઌΛӅṭ͠ɺ֎ͷϨΠϠʔʹҙࣝͤ͞ͳ͍ ▸ σʔλΞΫηεΛ࠶ར༻͢Δ
60. Repository ύλʔϯΛ࠾༻͢Δ໨త ▸ σʔλͷऔಘઌΛӅṭ͠ɺ֎ͷϨΠϠʔʹҙࣝͤ͞ͳ͍ ▸ σʔλΞΫηεͷΫϥΠΞϯτϥΠϒϥϦͷґଘؔ܎Λղܾ ▸ σʔλΞΫηεΛ࠶ར༻͢Δ
61. Repository class HogeRepository { suspend fun fetch(): MyResult<Hoge> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { try { val res = Retrofit.Builder().build().create(HogeService::class.java).fetch() when (val body = res.takeIf { it.isSuccessful }?.body()) { null -> MyResult.failure(NetworkError(res.message())) else -> MyResult.success(body) } } catch (e: Exception) { MyResult.failure(e) } } }
62. UseCase
63. UseCase UseCase って何？ 🤔
64. UseCase https://blog.cleancoder.com/uncle-bob/2012/08/13/the-clean-architecture.html
65. UseCase https://github.com/android10/Android-CleanArchitecture
66. UseCase https://github.com/android10/Android-CleanArchitecture 1 2 3
67. UseCase なぜ UseCase がいるの？ 🤔
68. UseCase
69. UseCase Repository ͸σʔλΞΫηε
70. UseCase ݁ՌͦΕҎ֎ͷϏδωεϩδοΫ͕ ViewModel ʹೖΓࠐΉ Repository ͸σʔλΞΫηε
71. UseCase ݁ՌͦΕҎ֎ͷϏδωεϩδοΫ͕ ViewModel ʹೖΓࠐΉ FatViewModel ͷ஀ੜ Repository ͸σʔλΞΫηε
72. UseCase ݁ՌͦΕҎ֎ͷϏδωεϩδοΫ͕ ViewModel ʹೖΓࠐΉ FatViewModel ͷ஀ੜ Repository ͸σʔλΞΫηε UseCase
73. UseCase class HogeAndFugaUseCase( private val hogeRepository: HogeRepository, private val fugaRepository: FugaRepository ) { suspend fun fetch(): MyResult<HogeAndFuga> { val result = HogeAndFuga( hoge = hogeRepository.fetch().await(), fuga = fugaRepository.fetch().await() ) return MyResult.success(result) } }
74. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ
75. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ σʔλΞΫηε͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ͨΓมߋʹڧ͘ͳͬͨ
76. Repository class HogeRepository { suspend fun fetch(): MyResult<Hoge> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { try { val res = Retrofit.Builder().build().create(HogeService::class.java).fetch() when (val body = res.takeIf { it.isSuccessful }?.body()) { null -> MyResult.failure(NetworkError(res.message())) else -> MyResult.success(body) } } catch (e: Exception) { MyResult.failure(e) } } }
77. Repository class HogeRepository { suspend fun fetch(): MyResult<Hoge> = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) { try { val res = ApolloClient.builder().build().query(HogeQuery.builder().build()) when (val data = res.takeUnless { it.hasErrors() }?.data()) { null -> MyResult.failure(NetworkError(res.errors().first().message())) else -> MyResult.success(data) } } catch (e: Exception) { MyResult.failure(e) } } }
78. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ σʔλΞΫηε͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ͨΓมߋʹڧ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ΑΓࡉཻ͔͍౓ͰϞδϡʔϧ͕࡞Εͨ
79. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ σʔλΞΫηε͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ͨΓมߋʹڧ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ΑΓࡉཻ͔͍౓ͰϞδϡʔϧ͕࡞Εͨ ▸ ViewModel ͷݟ௨͕͠ྑ͘ͳͬͨ
80. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ σʔλΞΫηε͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ͨΓมߋʹڧ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ΑΓࡉཻ͔͍౓ͰϞδϡʔϧ͕࡞Εͨ ▸ ViewModel ͷݟ௨͕͠ྑ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ػೳ௥Ճɾमਖ਼ͷ ݟੵ΋Γ/࣮૷ ͕͠΍͘͢ͳͬͨ
81. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ σʔλΞΫηε͕࠶ར༻Ͱ͖ͨΓมߋʹڧ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ΑΓࡉཻ͔͍౓ͰϞδϡʔϧ͕࡞Εͨ ▸ ViewModel ͷݟ௨͕͠ྑ͘ͳͬͨ ▸ ػೳ௥Ճɾमਖ਼ͷ ݟੵ΋Γ/࣮૷ ͕͠΍͘͢ͳͬͨ ▸ ߋʹࡉ͔͘ςετΛॻ͘ࣄͰ඼࣭ͷ୲อʹܨ͕͍ͬͯΔ
82. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ▸ ࠶ར༻ੑ ▸ Ϟδϡʔϧੑ ▸ ղੳੑ ▸ मਖ਼ੑ ▸ ࢼݧੑ
83. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯͷΞδϦςΟ͕ߴ·ͬͨ
84. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ΞʔΩςΫςΟϯάʹΰʔϧ͸͋Γ·ͤΜ ‣ ΞʔΩςΫνϟύλʔϯ͸࠷௿ݶͷอकੑ͸୲อͯ͘͠ΕΔ ‣ ͕ɺΞϓϦέʔγϣϯʹͱͬͯඞཁे෼Ͱ͸ͳ͍ࣄ͕ଟ͍
85. ࠾༻ͯ͠ΈͯಘΒΕͨϝϦοτ ܧଓతʹϦΞʔΩςΫςΟϯάͯ͠ ঢ՚͍͖ͯ͠·͠ΐ͏ʂ
86. LET’S ENJOY ANDROID !