Generating Electricity from Piezo

provide an alternative source of energy to supply electricity to a neighborhood community using piezoelectric materials

Transcript

1. GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY FROM POPULOUS AREAS USING PIEZOELECTRICITY Gen. Pio del Pilar National High School
2. Contents › Introduction › Methodology › Results and Discussion › Summary and Conclusion › Recommendation › Bibliography
3. What is piezoelectricity? › “Piezo” -press or squeeze › “Electricity”- natural force producing light, heat, chemical decomposition, etc PIEZOELECTRICITY electrical energy produced from mechanical pressure
4. Background of the Study Developing countries such as the Philippines are going through high energy demands brought by its economic growth. As a result, the country is experiencing insufficiency in supplying these necessities. Thus, the country is in need to find future alternative energy sources.
5. Textbook on Crystal Physics by Voigt (1910) became the basis when dealing with the complex electromechanical relationships in Piezoelectric crystal.
6. Recent applications of Piezoelectricity › Piezoelectric Mats in Shibuya Station in Tokyo, Japan › Low-powered and small scale devices such as microphones
8. Piezoelectric Crystals in Gas Ignition Systems
9. Pick-ups: Phonograph & Acoustic
10. Purpose of the Study The study aims to provide an alternative source of energy to supply electricity to a neighborhood community.
11. Statement of the Problem This study aims to: ›  Generate electricity using piezoelectric material such as ceramic transducers. ›  Investigate the efficiency of the small scale prototype of a piezoelectric mat consisting of PZT circular plates (diaphragm) layered on top of latex rubber mat as piezoelectric generator that will be used to provide electrical charge for the 3W LED light bulb. ›  Measure (1) the mechanical stress applied (2) the voltage, and energy.
12. Significance of the Study This study is beneficial to the country not only in solving energy-related problems which will lead to resolving environmental and economic crisis.
13. Cost Comparison of Electrical Billings Philippines U.S.A Bill Days 30 34 Kwh Used 2507 3905 Average Kwh/day 83.5 144.9 Cost per day $16.51/ P671.44 $12.11/ P492.50 Cost per Kwh $0.20/ P8.13 $0.11/ P4.47 Total Cost of Kwh $495.37 / P20146.04 $411.58/ P16738.41
14. Methodology › Research Design This study used the experimental method of research for a fact that mechanical stress (tapping) on the piezoelectric material was related to the electrical energy induced in the prototype. The greater the number of tapping, and the harder it is, the more energy is induced. It real-life situation, the more mechanical stress the people will exert on the proposed piezomat, the greater the energy can be harnessed.
15. Research Paradigm
16. Figure 1. The prototype A consisted of 24 pieces PZT transducers
17. Figure 2. The life size prototype B consisted of 72 transducers
18. Procedures 1 • Inducing and storing voltage 2 • Measuring the voltage 3 • Computing for the electrical energy
19. Results and Discussions Figure 3. Voltage produced by tapping a 0.08-g PZT, the time is in deka-second
20. Figure 4. Voltage produced by tapping a 0.4-g PZT, the time is in deka-second
21. Table 1. Possible Voltage that can be harnessed by two prototypes PROTOTYPE A PROTOTYPE B Transducer Maximum Voltage Transducer Maximum Voltage 19 pcs 0.4-g PZT 19 x 7.5 V = 142.5 V 20 pcs 0.4-g PZT 20 x 7.5 V = 150 V 5 pcs 0.08 PZT 5 x 0.9 V = 4.5 V 52 pcs 0.08 PZT 52 x 0.9 V = 46.8 V TOTAL 147 V TOTAL 196.8 V
22. Electrical Energy U = 2*Fo *ΔLo *[(3M / m) + 1] (Equation 1) Fo = kT *ΔLo (Equation 2) U : the energy Fo : the force applied on the transducer ΔLo :the maximum nominal displacement without external force M : the additional mass on the transducer M : the mass of the transducer
23. Table 2. Theoretically computed amounts of electrical energy by each PZT transducer Quantity 0.4-g PZT Transducer 0.08-g PZT Transducer kT 0.5 N/m 0.5 N/m ΔLo 5x10-3 m 4x10-3 m Fo 2.5x10-3 N 2.0x10-3 N U 5.6 J 18 J
24. Table 3. Possible electrical energy that can be harnessed by two prototypes PROTOTYPE A PROTOTYPE B Transducer Energy Transducer Energy 19 pcs 0.4-g PZT 19 x 5.6 J = 106.4 J 20 pcs 0.4-g PZT 52 pcs 0.08 PZT 5 pcs 0.08 PZT 5 x 18 J = 90 J 20 x 5.6 J = 112 J 52 x 18 J = 936 J TOTAL 196.4 J TOTAL 1048 J
25. Recommendations › Use other piezoelectric materials other than PZT transducers › Improve the existing prototypes A and B initially proposed by the researchers › Identify other contributing factors in the production of voltage and electrical energy of these piezoelectric materials
26. Rochelle Salt
27. Stack Actuator
28. Cantilever Beam
29. Thank you
30. BIBLIOGRAPHY ›  Caston, T. (2011). Piezoelectric energy harvesting floor mat November 10, 2012 http://www.eeweb.com/project/thomas_caston/piezoelectric-energy-harvesting- floor-mat ›  Chang, E. (January 16, 2009). Generate electricity by walking. December 2, 2012 ›  http://emilychang.com/2009/01/generate-electricity-by-walking/ ›  Chee Y., Otis B.P., Rabaey J.M., Roundy S., & Wright P. (nd) A 1.9 GHz RF Transmit Beacon using environmentally scavenged energy. ›  Chow, E. (2008). Pedestrian power will generate holiday lights at shibuya station, tokyo October 5, 2012 http://gizmodo.com/5105052/pedestrian-power-will- generate-holiday-lights-at-shibuya-station-tokyo ›  Cunningham, C. (2008). How to make piezo crystals at home October 7, 2012 http://blog.makezine.com/2008/07/31/how-to-make-piezo-crystal/ ›  Hult, J. (2011), ―People to watch: Kohei Hayamizu of Soundpower Corporation‖. Retrieved from http://www.examiner.com/article/people-to-watch-kohei-hayamizu- of-soundpower-corporation November 30, 2012. ›  Katz A. (2004) Residential Piezoelectric Energy Sources November 30, 2012 ›  Mail Foreign Service (2008).The power of commuter... japan uses energy- generating floor to help power subway October 13, 2012 http:// www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1094248/the-power--commuter-Japan-uses- energy-generating-floor-help-power-subway-html
31. ›  Nu-Way Systems and Design Recycle Inc. (2010). LED lights vs. incandescent light bulbs vs. CFLs. December 2, 2012 http:// www.designrecycleinc.com/led%20comp%20chart.html 24 ›  Oscillate (2012) November 30, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Oscillate ›  Polarity Symbol (2012) November 30, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Polarity_symbols ›  Resonance (2012) November 30, 2012 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Resonance ›  Roundy S., & Wright P.K., (2004) A piezoelectric vibration based generator for wireless electronics. Smart Materials and Structures, 13, 1131-1142. ›  Skjoidan L. (nd). Foot powering tokyo train station October 5, 2012 http://www.celcias.com/article/foot-powering-tokyo-station ›  The Morgan Crucible Company (2009). Piezoelectric materials November 10, 2012 http://www.morganelectroceramics.com/ ›  Zorina, Y. (2000). Mass of a car. December 2, 2012 ›  http://hypertextbook.com/facts/2000/YanaZorina.shtml