Increase WordPress Performance on the Stack

A presentation that was originally shown at WordCamp Miami 2013 by Taylor Jasko (@tjasko) all on how to increased the performance of WordPress on exclusively on the back-end.

Transcript

1. INCREASE WORDPRESS PERFORMANCE ON THE STACK Taylor Jasko | NetDNA/MaxCDN
2. Hello! I’m Taylor Jasko from
3. . com @tjasko I market stuff. SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/mishism/5371074626/
4. . com @tjasko I — Code
5. . com @tjasko I — Design SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/burningredstudio/5080751535/
6. End Goal= Make WordPress BLAZING FAST on the Stack SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/21474493@N02/7967778988/
7. 1 Make WordPress über fast Handle some HTTP DoS attacks 2 Have your server work much less 3 All on only one server! 4 . com @tjasko Would you like to...
8. STEVE SOUDERS . com @tjasko
9. 80/20 RULE “80-90% of the end-user response time is spent on the frontend. Start there.”
10. . com @tjasko WHAATT??? stack ≠ FRONT-END SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ theknowlesgallery/7483719462/
11. . com @tjasko Normal WorDPRESS Site 4.34 Page Load
12. . com @tjasko FRONT-END 80% Normal WorDPRESS Site
13. . com @tjasko BACK-END 20% Normal WorDPRESS Site
14. . com @tjasko Great... just great. SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos 55293400@N07/5726700785/
15. . com @tjasko well... not really. What happens to the back-end under heavy load?
16. . com @tjasko
17. . com @tjasko Just kiddin’... But things do get slow. Let’s see an example of a WP site under heavy load
18. WordPRESS Hit hard 7 second load time!
19. . com @tjasko So let’s look at what really happened Note: stock WordPress install
20. 20 requests/second
21. CPU % CPU Usage Packets Disk rate Tiny ~2.5mb/s dos
22. . com @tjasko Don’t let “script kiddies” take you down. SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ lrargerich/3187525211/
23. . com @tjasko My server is supposed to be über fast, right?
24. . com @tjasko Well yes, but there are some caveats.
25. . com @tjasko 1 WordPress is Dynamic
26. . com @tjasko 2 PHP Cannot keep up
27. . com @tjasko 3 MySQL is hit hard
28. How can we fix this? Design a fast stack! SRC: http://www.flickr.com/photos/ edenpictures/6556085943/
29. . com @tjasko The Web server - Apache vs Nginx - Apache Nginx Asynchronous-based Multiple connections per thread process-based every connection needs a new thread Both perform Similar under light loads The major difference: memory usage
30. . com @tjasko So we’re using nginx because it’s FAST! Even wordpress.com uses nginx
31. . com @tjasko “NGINX’s memory and CPU footprints are minimal, and predictable. After switching to NGINX the CPU usage on the load balancing servers dropped three times.”
32. . com @tjasko PHP There’s not much to choose from... CGI FastCGI PHP-fpm They are all technically the same thing... just a different implementation.
33. . com @tjasko MySQL there are few things to keep in mind to keep your databases fast.
34. 1 Use the correct config (small, medium, large, huge??) Try to use InnoDB (vs MyISAM) 2 Make sure you are using query caching 3 . com @tjasko make sure that...
35. . com @tjasko SERVER CONFIG 1 Get your own server (dedicated or virtual) Try to use the Linux Kernel v3.2 2 SSDs or RAID is nice... or both ;) 3 Red Hat vs CentOS vs Debian vs... 4
36. . com @tjasko SO there’s the Stack. What about that slowness?
37. . com @tjasko Let’s fix it With back-end caching
38. . com @tjasko What’s the secret? The lil’ bunny rabbit. www.varnish-cache.org
39. . com @tjasko But what is this, “back-end caching?” you speak of?
40. How Back-end caching works
41. How Back-end caching works
42. How Back-end caching works
43. How Back-end caching works
44. How Back-end caching works
45. How Back-end caching works
46. How a cache-hit looks
47. . com @tjasko Which basically PUTS wordpress ON steroids! Let’s test with another DDoS
48. . com @tjasko how fast? REALLY fast!
49. . com @tjasko Is this running on a super powerful server? OS: Processor: Memory: Network: Disk: Debian “Squeeze” i7 -2600 8GB DDR3 1 Gigabit Port 2x 1TB SATA2 (s/w raid 1)
50. . com @tjasko But It’s sadly not plug ‘n play Let’s set this bad boy up!
51. worker_processes 8; worker_connections 1024; use epoll; #for kernel 2.6+ multi_accept on; sendfile on; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; gzip_comp_level 3; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; set_real_ip_from 127.0.0.1; real_ip_header X-Forwarded-For; port_in_redirect off; server_name_in_redirect off; Make Nginx Faster GZIP For Varnish Nginx Config (nginx.conf)
52. pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50 pm.start_servers = 15 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 25 pm.process_idle_timeout = 60s request_terminate_timeout = 30s process manager Type PHP Config (pool.d/www.conf) limit ON simultaneous requests # OF processes MADE on startup # OF idle processes MAX idle processes TIME TO WAIT TO KILL PROCESS MAX EXECUTION TIME
53. MYSQL Config (my.conf) Just use the right config /usr/share/doc/mysql- server-5.5/examples my-huge.cnf.gz my-large.cnf.gz my-medium.cnf.gz my-small.cnf 1G-2GB RAM MySQL 512MB RAM 128MB RAM & Web Server <= 64M (would not use) . com @tjasko
54. Also make sure to use query caching . com @tjasko query_cache_type=1 query_cache_limit=2M query_cache_size=32M Turns caching on Max size of query to be cached Total size of queries to cache MYSQL Config (my.conf)
55. Varnish + wordPREss = ❤ 1 default.vcl = http://bit.ly/VarnishVCL DAEMON_OPTS="-a :80,:443 \ -T localhost:6082 \ -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -p thread_pool_add_delay=2 \ -p thread_pools=8 \ -p thread_pool_min=100 \ -p thread_pool_max=4000 \ -s malloc,2G” 2 3 Have Nginx on port 8080, Varnish on 80 . com @tjasko 4 Use the WP-Varnish Plugin bit.ly/wpvarnish
56. . com @tjasko And you now have a really fast wordpress installation! All on just one server
57. . com @tjasko But it can be even Faster... 1 Cache WordPress in Memcached with W3 Total Cache 2 Install PHP-APC to cache PHP scripts 3 Try out Nginx pagespeed: http://bit.ly/nginxpagespeed
58. . com @tjasko questions? COMMENTS? CONCERNS? General gripes? Feel the need for more speed? see maxcdn.com