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Git ライフを快適にする知られざるコマンドたち
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Tomoki Aonuma
August 27, 2013
Programming
48
10k
Git ライフを快適にする知られざるコマンドたち
Git 初心者〜中級者に向けて、目立たないけど便利なコマンドを紹介します。
Tomoki Aonuma
August 27, 2013
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Transcript
(JUϥΠϑΛ \ͪΐͬͱ ͬͱ ^ շదʹ͢Δ ΒΕ͟ΔίϚϯυͨͪ !VBTJ
VBTJ
w(JU)VCੜ wͣͬͱͬͯΔ wҰਓͰͬͯΔ
ͣͬͱҰਓͰͬͯΔ
$ git blame Document.h ca55733e (Tomoki Aonuma ... ad2d179e (Tomoki
Aonuma ... 95074544 (Tomoki Aonuma ... c7bc39f9 (Tomoki Aonuma ... 95074544 (Tomoki Aonuma ... ca55733e (Tomoki Aonuma ... ^02e6c80 (Tomoki Aonuma ... a3a5d708 (Tomoki Aonuma ... fc79def1 (Tomoki Aonuma ...
νʔϜͷ͜ͱ ͔Βͳ͍ʜ
ҰਓͰศརʹ ͏ํ๏ ڭ͑·͢
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˑˑˑ ˒˒˒
git help
•ࠔͬͨΒHELP •Α͘͏ίϚϯυ΄ͲΑ͘มΘΔ •git help -a ←ίϚϯυҰཡ •git help -g ←ΨΠυҰཡ
git help <cmd>
wgit help config wgit help glossary w༻ޠू wgit help revisions
wHEAD^ͱ͔dev..masterͱ͔ git help <cmd>
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒ˑˑ ˒˒ˑ
git status -sb
git status -sb git status \ --short \ --branch
git status $ git status # On branch master #
Your branch is ahead of 'origin/mast # (use "git push" to publish your lo # # Untracked files: # (use "git add <file>..." to includ # # hoge nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
git status -sb $ git status -sb ## master...origin/master [ahead
1] ?? hoge
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒ˑˑ ˒˒ˑ
ls .git/hooks git help hooks
ls .git/hooks git help hooks •৭ʑͳλΠϛϯάͰΔϑοΫ •ίϛοτલޙ •Ϧϕʔεલ •νΣοΫΞτޙ…
ls .git/hooks git help hooks •Kobito ͷ։ൃͰ pre-commit ϑοΫͰ ιʔεϑΝΠϧ͕λʔήοτʹ
ؚ·Ε͍ͯΔ͔νΣοΫ •gem ‘xcodeproj’
ls .git/hooks git help hooks •Kobito ͷ։ൃͰ pre-commit ϑοΫͰ ιʔεϑΝΠϧ͕λʔήοτʹ
ؚ·Ε͍ͯΔ͔νΣοΫ •gem ‘xcodeproj’
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒˒ˑ ˒˒ˑ
git diff \ --patience
git diff --patience •ʢͪΐͬͱʣݡ͍ diff •͕ࠩಡΈ͘͢ͳΔʢ͔ʣ
ྫ void foo() { printf("foo\n"); } void foo() { printf("foo\n");
printf("foo\n"); } void bar() { printf("bar\n"); } ฤूޙ ฤूલ
git diff $ git diff a.c b.c ... @@ -1,4
+1,9 @@ void foo() { printf("foo\n"); + printf("foo\n"); + +} +void bar() { + printf("bar\n"); }
git diff --patience $ git diff --patience a.c b.c ...
@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@ void foo() { printf("foo\n"); + printf("foo\n"); } + +void bar() { + printf("bar\n"); +}
git diff --histogram •ʢ͏ͪΐͬͱʣݡ͍ diff •͕ࠩಡΈ͘͢ͳΔʢΑͶʁʣ
git config \ diff.algorithm •git config \ diff.algorithm \ (patience|histogram)
•;ͭ͏ͷ diff Λ͏ͱ͖ git diff \ --diff-algorithm=default
git config \ diff.algorithm •git log -U git format-patch
ʹӨڹ •࣮ͦΕΒͷίϚϯυʹ --patience ͳͲΛࢦఆͰ͖Δ
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒˒˒ ˒˒ˑ
git diff git apply outside worktree ( )
git diff •Git ϦϙδτϦͷ֎Ͱ͑Δ •;ͭ͏ͷ diff ΑΓศར •git diff --binary
•git diff --color •git diff --word-diff
git diff •Git ϦϙδτϦͷதͰ ҙͷ2ϑΝΠϧͷࠩΛऔΕΔ •git diff --no-index
git apply •Git ϦϙδτϦͷ֎Ͱ͑Δ •git diff ͷύονΛ ͯΔͱ͖ʹ •git diff
old new >patch git apply patch # old ͕ ফ͑Δʂ #(∵old+มߋ+վ໊==new)
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒˒˒ ˒ˑˑ
pushInsteadOf
pushInsteadOf ͳ͠ # HTTPS URL ͰΫϩʔϯ $ git clone https://github.com/foo/bar
# ... # ॻ͖ࠐΈݖݶΛΒͬͨʂ $ git push origin master Username for 'https://github.com': # ໘ʂ
pushInsteadOf $ cat ~/.gitconfig ... [url "
[email protected]
:"] " pushinsteadof =
"git://github.com/" " pushinsteadof = "https://github.com/"
pushInsteadOf ͋Γ # HTTPS URL ͰΫϩʔϯ $ git clone https://github.com/foo/bar
# ... # ॻ͖ࠐΈݖݶΛΒͬͨʂ $ git push origin master Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0) To
[email protected]
:foo/bar ...
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒˒˒ ˒˒ˑ
git new-workdir
•ϦϙδτϦͷ࡞ۀσΟϨΫτϦΛ ৽ͨʹ࡞Δ •git new-workdir \ <repository> \ <new_workdir_path> \ [<branch>]
git new-workdir
•contrib σΟϨΫτϦʹ͋Δ •/usr/local/share/git- core/contrib/workdir ͋ͨΓ git new-workdir
ΒΕ͟Δ ཱͪ ˒˒˒ ˒˒˒
git rebase -i \ --autosquash
--autosquash •ίϛοτϝοηʔδ͕ fixup! ͔ squash! Ͱ ࢝·ΔίϛοτΛࣗಈతʹ fixup/squash •fixup! ͷޙʹରͷίϛοτͷ
ϝοηʔδΛࢦఆʢจࣈͰOKʣ
--autosquash $ git log oneline a99e5d7 fixup! X d2cb153 fixup!
A c85fc65 Add Foo $ git rebase -i --autosquash c85fc65^ pick c85fc65 Add Foo fixup d2cb153 fixup! A pick a99e5d7 fixup! X
rebase.autosquash $ git config [--global] \ rebase.autosquash true ͍ͭͰ autosquash
None
Βͳ͍ίϚϯυ ͋Γ·͔ͨ͠ʁ
(JUʹ·ͩ·ͩ ίϚϯυΦϓγϣϯ͕ Ճ͞Ε͍ͯ·͢ ʢϦϦʔεϊʔτΛνΣοΫʂʣ
໘ന͍ίϚϯυΛ ݟ͚ͭͨΒ 2JJUBͰγΣΞʂ ʢએͰ͢ʣ
&OKPZ