Demystifying the AI black box

Self-Driving cars. Commercial drones. Smart cameras. Movie and music creation. Powerful & intelligent robots. Over the past few years, a new revolution has brought AI almost to the level of science-fiction. However, most companies are not worried about far-off futuristic applications of AI, they want to know what AI can do - today - for their organizations. Distinguishing the hype from reality can be a bit confusing, especially when you consider the attention that AI gets from the media and commentators. So, how can your organization get started and put AI to work for you? That is the question I will answer in this talk. From greater customer intimacy, increasing competitive advantage and improving efficiency, I will discuss and show how AI can be used today and help the organization in more impactful ways.

Transcript

1. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Demystifying the AI Black Box ©2018 Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates, All rights reserved Adrian Hornsby, Senior Technical Evangelist @adhorn
2. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Myth: AI is dark magic
3. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. What are we talking about? AI Machine Learning Deep Learning
4. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. One of the ”Founding Father" of Artificial Intelligence John McCarthy 1955
5. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Photo from the 1956 Dartmouth Conference with Marvin Minsky, Ray Solomonoff, Claude Shannon, John McCarthy, Trenchard More, Oliver Selfridge and Nathaniel Rawchester
6. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Frank Rosenblatt, 1957 Perceptron
7. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Paul Werbos, 1975 Backpropagation
8. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. LeCun, 1989 First application of backpropagation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FwFduRA_L6Q
9. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. The curse of dimensionality
10. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. The Advent of AI Data GPUs & Acceleration Cloud Computing Algorithms
11. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. What is a Deep Learning?
12. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Predicting the price of a house with humans Price City ZipCode Life Quality Parking Size # Room Accessibility Family Friendly
13. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Predicting the price of a house with neural network Price City ZipCode Life Quality Parking Size # Room Accessibility Family Friendly Input Output Discovered by the neural network
14. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. https://ml4a.github.io/ml4a/neural_networks/ Deep Learning Training Learning
15. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Learning = Minimizing the loss (error) function Backpropagation
16. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Deep Learning is a big deal It’s able to do better than other ML and Humans
17. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. https://github.com/precedenceguo/mx-rcnn https://github.com/zhreshold/mxnet-yolo Object Detection
18. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Text Detection and Recognition https://github.com/Bartzi/stn-ocr
19. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. https://github.com/tornadomeet/mxnet-face Face Detection
20. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. FDA-approved medical imaging https://www.periscope.tv/AWSstartups/1vAGRgevBXRJl https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WE81dncwnIc Object Segmentation
21. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Real-Time Pose Estimation https://github.com/dragonfly90/mxnet_Realtime_Multi-Person_Pose_Estimation
22. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) The future at work (already) today Generating new ”celebrity” faces https://github.com/tkarras/progressive_growing_of_gans
23. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Data Visualization & Analysis Business Problem – ML problem framing Data Collection Data Integration Data Preparation & Cleaning Feature Engineering Model Training & Parameter Tuning Model Evaluation Are Business Goals met? Model Deployment Monitoring & Debugging Yes No Data Augmentation Feature Augmentation The ML Process Re-training Predictions
24. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon ML
26. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
27. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
28. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
29. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
30. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. FRAMEWORKS AND INTERFACES PLATFORM SERVICES APPLICATION SERVICES Amazon Rekognition Amazon Polly Amazon Lex ML for everyone. Amazon Rekognition Video Amazon Transcribe Amazon Comprehend Amazon SageMaker AWS DeepLens Amazon EMR Deep Learning AMI Amazon Translate
31. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Where do you start? The Low Hanging Fruits
32. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. FRAMEWORKS AND INTERFACES PLATFORM SERVICES APPLICATION SERVICES Amazon Rekognition Amazon Polly Amazon Lex ML for everyone. Amazon Rekognition Video Amazon Transcribe Amazon Comprehend Amazon SageMaker AWS DeepLens Amazon EMR Deep Learning AMI Amazon Translate
33. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Rekognition Deep learning-based image & video analysis
34. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. http://timescapes.org/trailers/
35. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Marinus Analytics uses facial recognition to stop human trafficking “Now with Traffic Jam’s FaceSearch, powered by Amazon Rekognition, investigators are able to take effective action by searching through millions of records in seconds to find victims.” http://www.marinusanalytics.com/articles/2017/10/17/amazon-rekognition-helps-marinus-analytics-fight-human-trafficking
36. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
37. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Polly “What's the difference between a hippo and a zippo? One is really heavy, and the other is a little lighter.” Amazon Polly: Text In, Life-like Speech Out The Text-To-Speech technology behind Amazon Polly takes advantage of bidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM)* 52 voices across 25 languages
38. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. <speak xml:lang="en-US"> The price of this book is <prosody rate="60%">€45</prosody> </speak> A Focus On Voice Quality & Pronunciation Support for Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) Version 1.0 https://www.w3.org/TR/speech-synthesis
39. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. “With Amazon Polly our users benefit from the most lifelike Text-to-Speech voices available on the market.” Severin Hacker CTO, Duolingo
40. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Lex “What’s the weather forecast?” “It will be sunny and 25°C” Weather Forecast Amazon Lex Build Conversational Chatbots
41. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
42. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Amazon Comprehend Discover insights from text Entities Key Phrases Language Sentiment Amazon Comprehend Topic Modeling
43. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
44. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. « Amazon Comprehend helps us analyze the key sentiments, objects, and geos in our 30 million plus reviews & testimonies […] so our customers can make the best decision possible for their travel.” Matt Fryer, VP and Chief Data Science Officer Hotels.com https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/case-studies/expedia/
45. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. FRAMEWORKS AND INTERFACES PLATFORM SERVICES APPLICATION SERVICES Amazon Rekognition Amazon Polly Amazon Lex ML for everyone. Amazon Rekognition Video Amazon Transcribe Amazon Comprehend Amazon SageMaker AWS DeepLens Amazon EMR Deep Learning AMI Amazon Translate
46. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGotULKg8e0 • Over 10 million images from 300,000 hotels • Fine-tuned a pre-trained Convolutional Neural Network using 100,000 images • Hotel descriptions now automatically feature the best available images Expedia Ranking hotel images using deep learning https://news.developer.nvidia.com/expedia-ranking-hotel-images-with-deep-learning/
47. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved.
48. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. There’s Never Been A Better Time To Build New Businesses https://aws.amazon.com/machine-learning/
49. © 2017, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its Affiliates. All rights reserved. Thank You. Adrian Hornsby, Cloud Architecture Evangelist @adhorn