Web技術の基本 1回目 / Introduction to Web technologies 1st class

Webٕज़ͷجຊ 1ճ໨ Keisuke KAMIYA

͸͡Ίʹ

ࠓճͷςʔϚ

Chapter 1 Webٕज़ͱ͸

໨࣍ 1. Webͱ͸ 2. ΠϯλʔωοτͱWeb 3. ͞·͟·ͳWebͷ༻్ 4. HTMLͱWebϒϥ΢β 5.
WebαʔόͱHTTP 6. Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 7. ੩తϖʔδͱಈతϖʔδ 8. ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ 9. Webͷඪ४Խ 10.Webͷઃܭࢥ૝

Webͱ͸ • จॻͷެ։ɾӾཡͷͨΊͷγεςϜ → Web(΢Σϒ) • ਖ਼໊ࣜশ͸,World Wide Web(ੈքதʹ޿͕ΔΫϞͷ૥) →
ུশ͸WWW • Webϖʔδ͸HyperTextͰهड़͞ΕΔ → HTML (HyperText Markup Language) • ϋΠύʔςΩετ͔ΒϋΠύʔςΩετ΁ͷϦϯΫ(ϋΠ ύʔϦϯΫ)Λ෇͚Δ͜ͱͰؔ࿈෇͚Λߦ͍, શମ͕େ ͖ͳ৘ใͷू߹ମͱͳΔ ΩʔϫʔυɿWeb, WWW, HyperText, HyperLink

Webͱ͸ HyperText HyperLink HyperText HyperText HyperText HyperLink HyperLink d(^_^o) Ϣʔβ͸Webϒϥ΢β͔ΒΞΫηε
ϋΠύʔϦϯΫͷΠϝʔδਤ

Webͱ͸ ੈքதͷจॻΛϋΠύʔϦϯΫͰؔ࿈෇͚Δ ɹˠʮੈքن໛ͷ஖ᥨͷ૥ʯͱ͍͏ҙຯͰWWW

ΠϯλʔωοτͱWeb World Wide Webͷྺ࢙తഎܠ • 1980೥  CERN(Ԥถݪࢠ֩ݚڀػߏ)ͷςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=ϦʔͱϩόʔτɾΧΠ Ϧϡʔ͕WebͷݪܕͱͳΔENQUIREΛ։ൃ • 1989೥ 
WWW, HTTP, URL, HTMLΛఏҊɺ։ൃ • 1990೥  ʮWorldWideWeb: Proposal for a HyperText ProjectʯΛൃද͠, ࣗ਎ͰWeb ϒϥ΢βͱWebαʔόΛNeXT্Ͱެ։ • 1991೥  ࠷ॳͷWebϖʔδ͕ެ։ ΩʔϫʔυɿςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=Ϧʔ

ςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=Ϧʔͬͯʁ Webͷ෕, ςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=Ϧʔ • Webʹ܎Δٕज़(WWW, HTML, HTTP, URL)ͷઃܭ։ൃ • W3C(World
Wide Web Consortium)ઃཱऀ • νϡʔϦϯά৆ड৆ • ੈքͰ࠷ॳͷϗʔϜϖʔδ  http://info.cern.ch/ Ҿ༻ɿhttps://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA%EF%BC%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC

ΠϯλʔωοτͱWeb • Πϯλʔωοτͷݪܕ → ARPANET(ΞϝϦΧࠃ๷૯লͷωοτϫʔΫ) • 1982೥  TCP/IP͕ඪ४Խ͞Ε, ੈքن໛Ͱ૬ޓ઀ଓΛߦͳ͏Πϯ λʔωοτͱ͍͏֓೦͕ఏএ͞ΕΔ.
→ ౰ॳ͸ඇৗʹߴՁͳ΋ͷ͕ͩͬͨ, ઀ଓճઢ͕҆Ձͱ ͳΔ͜ͱͰҰൠϢʔβʹ΋޿·Γ, Webͷരൃతͳී ٴʹܨ͕ͬͨ

ΠϯλʔωοτͱWeb • Πϯλʔωοτͷ໨త  ੈք֤஍ͷίϯϐϡʔλΛ૬ޓ઀ଓ͍ͨ͠ʂ → ARPANETΛجʹΠϯλʔωοτ͕஀ੜ • Webͷ໨త  υΩϡϝϯτΛڞ༗͢ΔγεςϜ͕΄͍͠ʂ →
ENQUIREΛجʹWeb͕஀ੜ ҟͳΔ໨తͰ։ൃ͞Ε͕ͨͭ߹Θ͞Δ͜ͱͰ രൃతʹ޿͕ͬͨ

͞·͟·ͳWebͷ༻్ • WebαΠτ  1ͭͷυϝΠϯʹ͋Δෳ਺ͷจॻͷ͜ͱ. HyperLinkʹ Αͬͯ૬ޓʹͭͳ͕͓ͬͯΓ, ͦͷϦϯΫΛͨͲΔ͜ͱ ͰWebϖʔδؒΛҠಈ͢Δʢؔ࿈෇͚Δʣࣄ͕Ͱ͖Δ → ۙ೥Ͱ͸จॻͷӾཡ͚ͩͰ͸ͳ͘,
ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ ͱͯ͠΋ར༻͞ΕΔέʔε͕ଟ͍ ΩʔϫʔυɿWebαΠτ

• API (Application Programming Interface)  ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛιϑτ΢ΣΞ͔Βૢ࡞͢ΔͨΊͷ ΠϯλʔϑΣʔε  ͞·͟·ͳWebͷ༻్ API SV
APIΛ࢖ͬͯఱؾΛϦΫΤετ ࢦఆ͞Εͨ஍఺ͷ৘ใΛฦ͢ Ϣʔβʔ d(^_^o) APIͷྫ ‣ ఱؾ༧ใAPIΛ࢖ͬͯ, ఱؾΛऔಘ͢Δ. ‣ TwitterͷTimeLineΛऔಘ͢Δ etc… ΩʔϫʔυɿAPI

• ϋΠύʔςΩετΛهड़͢ΔͨΊͷݴޠ → HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) <!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <h1>d(^_^o)</h1> <img src="ha.png"> ͜Ε͸<a href="http://example.com/">ϦϯΫ</a>ͷྫͰ͢. </body> </html> HTMLͱWebϒϥ΢β ΩʔϫʔυɿHTML, λά λάΛ࢖ͬͯهड़

• HyperTextΛදࣔ͢Διϑτ΢ΣΞ → Webϒϥ΢βʢϒϥ΢βͱݺ͹ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ʣ • ϒϥ΢β͸༷ʑͳاۀ͕ϦϦʔε͍ͯ͠Δ • Google Chrome •
Firefox Quantum • Safari • Vivaldi • (Sleipnirͬͯ·ͩੜ͖ͯΔΜͰ͔͢ʁʣ HTMLͱWebϒϥ΢β ʢ༨ஊʣݹ͍΋ͷͩͱMosaic͕༗໊Ͱ͢Ͷ.

WebαʔόͱHTTP • Webαʔό  ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔ΒͷཁٻʹԠͯ͡ίϯςϯπΛฦ͢  ιϑτ΢ΣΞʢಈ࡞ͯ͠Δίϯϐϡʔλͦͷ΋ͷΛࢦ ͢͜ͱ΋͋Δʣ ‣ Apache, nginx, IIS(Internet
Information Service)͋ͨ Γ͕༗໊ ΩʔϫʔυɿWebαʔό

WebαʔόͱHTTP Webαʔό ϢʔβʔT ϢʔβʔS ϦΫΤετͨ͠ίϯςϯπ͕ແ͍৔߹͸   ແ͔ͬͨ͜ͱΛࣔ͢εςʔλείʔυΛฦ͢ “ࣗຫͷΞϨ”Λ͍ͩ͘͞ request “͠·΋Μ"Λ͍ͩ͘͞
request :HTTPͰ௨৴ ͳ͍Ͱ͢ response (404) response Ͳ͏ͧ ͠·΋Μ (200)

WebαʔόͱHTTP • HTTP(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)  ϋΠύʔςΩετͷ΍ΓऔΓΛඪ४Խͨ͠΋ͷ ‣ ϋΠύʔςΩετͷཁٻ, ૹ৴खॱ
‣ Webϖʔδ͕ଘࡏ͠ͳ͍৔߹, సૹ͢Δ৔߹ εςʔλείʔυ ҙຯ ϦΫΤετ੒ޭ YY ϦμΠϨΫτ ېࢭ͞Ε͍ͯΔ ݟ͔ͭΒͳ͔ͬͨ खॱΛඪ४Խ͢Δ͜ͱͰ, ࡞੒ݩʹΑΔґଘΛݮΒ͢ ΩʔϫʔυɿHTTP

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 1. ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕URLΛࢦఆ 2. WebαʔόʹHTTPϦΫΤετΛૹΔ 3. Webαʔό͕ϦΫΤετΛղੳ 4. ΫϥΠΞϯτ΁ϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢ 5.
ϨεϙϯεΛWebϒϥ΢β͕ղੳ͠දࣔ͢Δ ᶃ ᶄHTTP Request ᶅ ᶆResponse ᶇ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 1. ΫϥΠΞϯτ͕URLΛࢦఆ  URL(Uniform Resource Locator)Λࢦఆͯ͠ϦΫΤετ http://example.com/index.html httpΛ࢖༻͢Δ example.comʹΞΫηε index.htmlΛཁٻ
URLͷҰൠతͳදݱܗࣜ ʢεΩʔϜ໊ʣɿʢεΩʔϜ͝ͱͷදݱܗࣜʣ ΩʔϫʔυɿURL

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ ίϨʹؔ͢Δৄ͍͠هड़͸RFC1738͋ͨΓΛಡΉͱৄ͘͠ॻ͍ͯ͋Γ·͢ //<user>:<password>@<host>:<port>/<url-path> http://<user>:<password>@<host>:<port>/<url-path> IP-basedͳ઀ଓ(http, ftp, etc..)ͷ৔߹ͷsyntax ͜ΕRFC1738Ͱ΍ͬͨ΍ͭͩʂ (Scheme) :
(Syntax)ʹଇͬͯදه͢Δͱ,

RFCͱ͸ʢ༨ஊʣ • RFC(Request for Comments)  IETF(Internet Engineering Task Force)ʹΑΔΠϯλʔ ωοτʹؔΘΔ༷ʑͳٕज़ͷ࢖༻Λอଘɾެ։͢Δܗ
ࣜͷ͜ͱ → ༷ʑͳաఔ(IETFʹఏग़)Λܦͯ, ඪ४Խ͞ΕΔ • શͯެ։͞Ε͍ͯΔͷͰ, ୭Ͱ΋ٞ࿦ʹࢀՃ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ Մೳ Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕʹ໭Γ·͢ ͱ͜ΖͰRFC஌ͬͯ·͔͢ʁ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 2. WebαʔόʹHTTPϦΫΤετΛૹΔ  ։࢝ߦɾϔομɾϘσΟͰߏ੒͞Ε͍ͯΔ • ։࢝ߦ  HTTPͷϝιου(GET, POST, PUTͳͲ)ͱϦΫΤετର৅, HTTPόʔδϣϯ৘ใ
• ϔομ  User-Agent΍Accept-Type, Content-TypeͳͲ • ϘσΟ  ૹ৴͍ͨ͠σʔλͦͷ΋ͷ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ • HTTPϔομͷྫ https://developer.mozilla.org/ja/docs/Web/HTTP/Messages#HTTP_RequestsΑΓҾ༻ ։࢝ߦ ϘσΟ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 3. Webαʔό͕ϦΫΤετΛղੳ 4. ΫϥΠΞϯτ΁ϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢ • εςʔλεߦ  ϓϩτίϧͷόʔδϣϯ(௨ৗHTTP/1.1), εςʔλείʔυ, εςʔλεϝοηʔδ
• ϔομʔ  Etag΍Conent-TypeͳͲ༷ʑͳ৘ใ • ϘσΟ  ϦΫΤετͨ͠σʔλͦͷ΋ͷ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ • Ϩεϙϯεϔομͷྫ https://developer.mozilla.org/ja/docs/Web/HTTP/Messages#HTTP_RequestsΑΓҾ༻ ։࢝ߦ ϘσΟ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ 5. ϨεϙϯεΛWebϒϥ΢β͕ղੳ͠දࣔ͢Δ  ࣍ͷΑ͏ͳσʔλ͕ฦͬͯ͘Δ <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta
charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <h1>d(^_^o)</h1> <img src="ha.png"> ͜Ε͸<a href="http://example.com/">ϦϯΫ</a>ͷྫͰ͢. </body> </html> ಘΒΕͨσʔλ͸Webϒϥ΢β͕ղऍͯ͠දࣔ

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head>
<body> <h1>d(^_^o)</h1> <img src="ha.png"> ͜Ε͸<a href="http://example.com/">ϦϯΫ</a>ͷྫͰ͢. </body> </html> 1ͭͷϦΫΤετͰಘΒΕΔσʔλ͸1ͭͷΈ → ը૾σʔλͳͲ͸, ͋ΒͨΊͯϦΫΤετΛߦͳ͏

Webϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔྲྀΕ HTMLϖʔδΛಘͨ͋ͱ… ha.pngΛ͍ͩ͘͞ Ͳ͏ͧ(200 OK) <!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Document</title> </head> <body> <h1>d(^_^o)</h1> <img src="ha.png"> ͜Ε͸<a href="http://example.com/">ϦϯΫ</a>ͷྫͰ͢. </body> </html>

੩తϖʔδͱಈతϖʔδ • Կ౓ΞΫηεͯ͠΋, ৚݅Λม͑ͯ΋ಉ͡಺༰Λฦ͢ → ੩తϖʔδ • ΋ͱ΋ͱWeb͸จॻΛڞ༗͢ΔͨΊʹ࢈·Εͨγες ϜͰ͋ΔͨΊ,ϖʔδ͸੩తͳ΋ͷ͚ͩͰྑ͔ͬͨ →
Web͕ීٴ͢Δͱ, ಈతͳϖʔδͷधཁ͕ߴ·ͬͨ Ωʔϫʔυɿ੩తϖʔδ, ಈతϖʔδ

੩తϖʔδͱಈతϖʔδ • ৚݅ʹΑͬͯ಺༰͕มΘΔϖʔδ → ಈతϖʔδ ‣ GoogleͷΑ͏ͳݕࡧαΠτͰ୯ޠΛࢦఆ͢Δͱ, ͦΕ ʹԠͨ͡ϖʔδ͕ฦͬͯ͘Δ ‣
ܝࣔ൘ͷΑ͏ͳνϟοτγεςϜ ‣ ϩάΠϯ͢Δͱࣗ෼͚ͩͷϖʔδ͕දࣔ͞ΕΔ ಈతϖʔδͷྫ

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ • CGI (Common Gateway Interface) ಈతͳWebϖʔδΛੜ੒͢Δํ๏ͷ1ͭ ‣ ΫϥΠΞϯτ͸CGIΛࣔ͢URL΁ϦΫΤετ͢Δ ‣
αʔόଆ͸CGIʹΑͬͯϓϩάϥϜ͕࣮ߦ͞Ε, ࡞੒ ͞ΕͨHTMLϑΝΠϧ͕ΫϥΠΞϯτʹฦΔ - ϓϩάϥϜΛαʔόʔαΠυɾεΫϦϓτͱݺͿ - εΫϦϓτݴޠͰهड़͞ΕΔࣄ͕ଟ͍ ΩʔϫʔυɿCGI, αʔόʔαΠυεΫϦϓτ, εΫϦϓτݴޠ

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ • αʔόʔαΠυɾεΫϦϓτ  CGI͔Βݺͼग़͞ΕΔϓϩάϥϜͷ͜ͱ. ‣ εΫϦϓτݴޠ͕࢖ΘΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍ - Perl, Ruby, Python,
PHP, etc… • ࠷ۙ͸PythonͷWSGIͱ͔, RubyͷRackͱ͔… • ͜ΕΒ͸WebΞϓϦͱWebαʔόͷؒʹೖΓ, ͦΕͧ ΕΛܨ͙ڮ౉͠໾Λ୲͍ͬͯΔ ΩʔϫʔυɿαʔόʔαΠυεΫϦϓτ

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ • Rubyͷ৔߹ • Webαʔό  nginx, Apache, etc… • ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔό 
Unicorn, puma, RainbowsͳͲ OHJOY Webαʔό 6OJDPSO APαʔό 6OJDPSO Rack 4JOBUSB 3BJMT ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ "1αʔό΋ΞϓϦέʔγϣϯ΋ 3BDLΛڬΊ͹͓ޓ͍͕ԿͰ͋Δ͔ Λؾʹ͢Δඞཁ͕ͳ͍

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ • ΫϥΠΞϯταΠυεΫϦϓτ  αʔόʔαΠυɾεΫϦϓτͱ͸ҟͳΓ, ΫϥΠΞϯτ ͷHTMLʹຒΊࠐ·ΕͨεΫϦϓτʹΑͬͯϖʔδΛಈ తʹมߋ͢Δ΋ͷ. ‣ ओʹJavaScript͕༻͍ΒΕΔ ΩʔϫʔυɿΫϥΠΞϯτεΫϦϓτ

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ 8FCαʔό $(* αʔόʔαΠυ εΫϦϓτ ϓϩάϥϜىಈ HTMLϑΝΠϧ αʔόʔαΠυɾεΫϦϓτ XFCϒϥ΢βଆͰ͸ εΫϦϓτΛ࣮ߦ͠ͳ͍
webϖʔδΛཁٻ ࡞੒ͨ͠HTML ϑΝΠϧΛૹ৴ αʔόଆͰεΫϦϓτΛ࣮ߦ͠ ࡞੒ͨ͠)5.-ϑΝΠϧΛฦ͢ ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό

ಈతϖʔδͷ࢓૊Έ ΫϥΠΞϯτɾεΫϦϓτ XFCϒϥ΢βଆͰ εΫϦϓτΛ࣮ߦ͢Δ webϖʔδΛཁٻ εΫϦϓτ͕ຒ Ίࠐ·ΕͨHTML ϑΝΠϧΛฦ͢ ͋Β͔͡ΊεΫϦϓτ͕ຒΊࠐ ·Εͨ)5.-ϑΝΠϧΛฦ͢
ΫϥΠΞϯτ αʔό 8FCαʔό

Webͷඪ४Խ Webٕज़ͷൃలʹͱ΋ͳͬͯ, ༷ʑͳٕज़͕։ൃ͞Εͨ • HTML(HyperText Markup Language) • XHTML(Extensible HyperText
Markup Language) • XML(Extensible Markup Language) • CSS(Cascading Style Sheets) • etc… ͜ͷΑ͏ͳػೳ֦ுΛ༷ʑͳاۀ΍ݸਓ͕ߦͳ͏ͱ, Web ϒϥ΢βଆͰͲͷΑ͏ʹॲཧͨ͠Βྑ͍ͷ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍ ΩʔϫʔυɿHTML, XHTML, XML, CSS

Webͷඪ४Խ Webٕज़ͷඪ४Խ͕ඞཁʹͳͬͨ • ඪ४ͱ͸[1]  ϧʔϧ΍نଇɾن੍ͳͲͷ”औΓܾΊ”ͷ͜ͱ • ඪ४Խͱ͸[1]  ඪ४Λҙࣝతʹ࡞ͬͯར༻͢Δ׆ಈͷ͜ͱ Webͷඪ४ԽΛߦ͏ஂମ →
W3C(World Wide Web Consortium) [1] https://www.jsa.or.jp/datas/media/10000/md_736.pdf ΩʔϫʔυɿW3C

• W3C(World Wide Web Consortium)  ςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=Ϧʔ͕૑ઃͨ͠, WebͰ࢖༻͞ΕΔ֤ छٕज़ͷඪ४ԽΛਪਐ͢ΔͨΊʹઃཱ͞Εͨஂମ     
• W3C͕ඪ४Խͨ͠΋ͷ͸, ʮקࠂʯͱ͍͏ܗͰൃද͞ΕΔ ͨΊڧ੍͞ΕΔ΋ͷͰ͸ͳ͍͕, ຆͲͷαΠτ͕W3Cඪ४ ʹ४ڌ͍ͯ͠Δ Webͷඪ४Խ ඪ४ԽΛߦ͍ͬͯΔن֨ͷྫ HTML, CSS, XML, XHTML, DOM, CGI, etc…

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ ඪ४Խ͞ΕͨΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍͕, WebۀքͰ͸ελϯμʔυ ͳઃܭࢥ૝ʹ, ࣍ͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ͕͋Δ • RESTful(REpresentational State Transfer) •
ηϚϯςΟοΫWeb

RESTfulͳαʔϏε

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • RESTful(REpresentational State Transfer)  4ͭͷݪଇ͔ΒͳΔγϯϓϧͳઃܭͷ͜ͱ 1. εςʔτϨε  ΍ΓऔΓ͸1ճ͝ͱʹ׬݁. ଞͷ΍ΓऔΓʹӨڹ͠ͳ͍.
2. ΞυϨεՄಡੑ  ͢΂ͯͷϦιʔε͕ҰҙͳURIͷߏจͰදݱՄೳ 3. ౷ҰΠϯλʔϑΣʔε  HTTPϝιουͷར༻͕౷Ұ͞Ε͍ͯΔ 4. ઀ଓੑ  ΍ΓऔΓ͞ΕΔ৘ใʹϦϯΫΛؚΊΔࣄ͕Ͱ͖Δ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • εςʔτϨε  εςʔτ=ʮঢ়ଶʯͷ͜ͱ. εςʔτϨεͱ͍͏͜ͱ͸, ΍ΓऔΓΛߦ͏ࡍʹΫϥΠΞϯτͷίϯςΩετ͸Ұ ੾ߟྀʢอ࣋ʣ͞Εͳ͍. ‣ ϦΫΤετ͸ඞཁͳ৘ใΛશؚͯΜͰ͍ͳ͚Ε͹ͳΒ ͳ͍
→ ͸ʁͲ͏͍͏͜ͱʁʢྫΛݟͯΈ·͠ΐ͏ʣ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ εςʔτϑϧͷྫ ٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ ళһ: αΠυϝχϡʔ͸Կʹͳ͍͞·͔͢? ٬: ϙςτͰ ళһ: υϦϯΫ͸Կʹͳ͍͞·͔͢?
٬: δϯδϟʔΤʔϧͰ ళһ: +50ԁͰυϦϯΫΛLαΠζʹͰ͖·͕͍͔͕͢Ͱ͔͢? ٬: MͰ͍͍Ͱ͢ ళһ: Ҏ্ͰΑΖ͍͠Ͱ͔͢? ٬: ͸͍ ళһ: ͔͜͠·Γ·ͨ͠ Ҿ༻ɿhttp://yohei-y.blogspot.jp/2007/10/blog-post.html

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ εςʔτϨεͷྫ ٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ ళһ: αΠυϝχϡʔ͸Կʹͳ͍͞·͔͢? ٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛϙςτͰ͓ئ͍͠·͢ ళһ: υϦϯΫ͸Կʹͳ͍͞·͔͢?
٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛϙςτͱδϯδϟʔΤʔϧͰ͓ئ͍͠·͢ ళһ: +50ԁͰυϦϯΫΛLαΠζʹͰ͖·͕͍͔͕͢Ͱ͔͢? ٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛϙςτͱδϯδϟʔΤʔϧ(M)Ͱ͓ئ͍͠·͢ ళһ: Ҏ্ͰΑΖ͍͠Ͱ͔͢? ٬: ϋϯόʔΨʔηοτΛϙςτͱδϯδϟʔΤʔϧ(M)Ͱ͓ئ͍͠·͢ɻҎ্ ళһ: ͔͜͠·Γ·ͨ͠ Ҿ༻ɿhttp://yohei-y.blogspot.jp/2007/10/blog-post.html

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ ྆ऀͷҧ͍͸ͳʹ͔ʁ ‣ ళһ͞Μ͕͓٬͞ΜͷཔΜͩ৘ใ(ίϯςΩετ)Λ֮ ͍͑ͯΔʢอ͍࣋ͯ͠Δʣ͔Ͳ͏͔ ‣ εςʔτϨεͳγεςϜͰ͸, ళһ͞Μ͕৘ใΛอ࣋ ͍ͯ͠ͳ͍ͨΊ, ϦΫΤετ͕ͲΜͲΜ௕͘ͳΓ৑௕
ʹͳΔ → ͳͥ࢖͏ͷ͔ʁ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ εςʔτϨεͷར఺ εςʔτϨεͷܽ఺ • ୯ҰͷϦΫΤετʹશͯͷ৘ใؚ͕·ΕΔ • ηογϣϯͷ؅ཧ͕γϯϓϧʹͳΔ • εέʔϥϏϦςΟͷ޲্ •
ωοτϫʔΫύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ௿Լ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • ΞυϨεՄಡੑ  ͢΂ͯͷϦιʔε͸, ҰҙͳURIͰΞΫηεՄೳ        api.github.comͷఏڙ͢Δeventsͱ͍͏ϦιʔεΛཁٻ͠ ͍ͯΔ
→ URIΛ࢖͏͜ͱͰ, ௚ײతͰ෼͔Γ΍͘͢ϦιʔεΛද͢ ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ https://api.github.com/events github͕ఏڙ͢ΔAPIͷྫ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • ౷ҰΠϯλʔϑΣʔε  RESTͰ༻͍ΒΕΔHTTPϝιου͕༧ΊܾΊΒΕ͓ͯ Γ, CRUDʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δ ॲཧ )551ϝιου $36%ૢ࡞ ొ࿥
1045 $3&"5& औಘ (&5 3&"% ߋ৽ 165 61%"5& ࡟আ %&-&5& %&-&5&

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • CRUD  Ӭଓੑͷجຊػೳ4ͭͷػೳͷ಄จࣈΛܨ͛ͨ΋ͷ (Create, Read, Update, Deleteͷ಄จࣈ) $36%ૢ࡞ ॲཧ
42- $3&"5& ొ࿥ */4&35 3&"% औಘ 4&-&$5 61%"5& ߋ৽ 61%"5& %&-&5& ࡟আ %&-&5&

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ URLͱHTTPϝιουͷ૊Έ߹ΘͤΛఆ͓͖ٛͯ͠, ͦΕʹ ߹Θͤͯॲཧ͕มΘΔ. ॲཧ )551ϝιου $36%ૢ࡞ ొ࿥ 1045 DBMFOEBSTDBMFOEBS*EFWFOUT
औಘ (&5 DBMFOEBSTDBMFOEBS*EFWFOUTFWFOU*E ߋ৽ 165 DBMFOEBSTDBMFOEBS*EFWFOUTFWFOU*E ࡟আ %&-&5& DBMFOEBSTDBMFOEBS*EFWFOUTFWFOU*E googleΧϨϯμʔͷྫ

Webͷઃܭࢥ૝ • ઀ଓੑ  RESTfulͳαʔϏεͰ͸, JSON΍XMLͰσʔλΛ΍Γऔ Γ͢Δ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍. ͦͷதʹଞͷϦιʔε΁ͷϦϯΫΛ ؚΊΔ͜ͱͰ, ͦͷϦϯΫΛḷΔ͚ͩͰଞͷϦιʔεʹ ΞΫηε͢Δ͜ͱ͕ग़དྷΔ.

ηϚϯςΟοΫWeb

ηϚϯςΟοΫWeb • ηϚϯςΟοΫWeb  Webϖʔδʹ৘ใΛ෇͚Ճ͑Δ͜ͱͰ, ίϯϐϡʔλ͕ ࣗಈతʹҙຯΛཧղͯ͠ॲཧͰ͖ΔΑ͏ʹͳΔߏ૝ → ςΟϜɾόʔφʔζ=Ϧʔ͕ఏএ͍ͯ͠Δ • HTML͚ͩͰ͸ҙຯΛཧղͰ͖ͳ͍ͨΊ,
XMLͰϚʔΫ Ξοϓ͠RDF(Resource Description Framework)ͱ OWL(Web ontology language)Λ༻͍ͯද͢. ‣ RDF΍OWLΛϝλσʔλͱݺͿ

ࠓޙͷ༧ఆ

࢖༻ૉࡐ, ࢀߟϦϯΫ • ͍Β͢ͱ΍ • k-tamura/cocha-icons  https://github.com/k-tamura/cocha-icons • HTTPϝοηʔδ  https://developer.mozilla.org/ja/docs/Web/HTTP/Messages
• RESTೖ໳ جૅ஌ࣝ  https://qiita.com/TakahiRoyte/items/949f4e88caecb02119aa • RESTful WebαʔϏεͷجຊ  https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/jp/webservices/library/ ws-restful/index.html

࢖༻ૉࡐ, ࢀߟϦϯΫ • Πϯλʔωοτ10෼ߨ࠲ɿRFC  https://www.nic.ad.jp/ja/newsletter/No24/090.html • εςʔτϨεͱ͸Կ͔   http://yohei-y.blogspot.jp/2007/10/blog-post.html

Web技術の基本 1回目 / Introduction to Web technologies 1st class

Web技術の基本 1回目 / Introduction to Web technologies 1st class

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