frontzurich 26 August 2021

@brucel

@brucel §

@brucel

@brucel Treasure! • More performant • More accessible • More
robust • Less code to write • Less code to test • More time in the pub

@brucel

@brucel The treasure map: • Use HTML properly • Write
more HTML • Use CSS properly • Built-in beats Bolt-on. Bigly.

@brucel

@brucel Since its fi rst publication in 1970 The Technique
of Furniture Making has established itself as the bible for all woodworkers.

@brucel Introduction Any textbook concerned with the techniques of furniture-
making must deal primarily with the basic handcrafts for it is upon this groundwork that machine production is built, and in fact all the machine can ever do is to translate the essential hand operations into rotary movements of the cutting tool.

@brucel anyone who has only been shown how to force
a piece of wood against a mechanised saw will have learnt very little, but if he has had to saw that piece of wood by hand he will be more likely to know that much more about it, he will have greater respect for it and will understand in greater depth the problems that will have to be faced in its manipulation.

@brucel

@brucel 職⼈気質 The Japanese word shokunin is de fi ned
by both Japanese and Japanese-English dictionaries as ‘craftsman’ or ‘artisan,’ but such a literal description does not fully express the deeper meaning. Tashio Odate - “Japanese Woodworking Tools: Their Tradition, Spirit and Use”

@brucel 職⼈気質 Shokunin means not only having technical skill, but
also implies an attitude and social consciousness... a social obligation to work his best for the general welfare of the people, [an] obligation both material and spiritual. Tashio Odate - “Japanese Woodworking Tools: Their Tradition, Spirit and Use”

@brucel • Picture of TBL “web developer”

@brucel http://info.cern.ch/hypertext/WWW/TheProject.html

@brucel

@brucel We broke it • fi xed width • bad
contrast, fonts, colours • pixel-perfect layout • lack of captions for videos • lack of keyboard accessibility • removing focus indicator

@brucel

@brucel The Raw Materials

@brucel b • web comping

@brucel

@brucel Top four 1. Have a fundamental understanding of JavaScript
“Of course you can’t do full-stack JavaScript development (or full-stack any web development for that matter), without learning JavaScript itself.” 2. Front-End framework 3. Bootstrap 4 4. HTML/CSS

@brucel As for HTML, there’s not much to learn right
away and you can kind of learn as you go, but before making your fi rst templates, know the di ff erence between in-line elements like <span> and how they di ff er from block ones like <div>. This will save you a huge amount of headache when fi ddling with your CSS code.

@brucel

@brucel HTML is declarative <button type="button">Click Me!</button >

@brucel HTML is fault-tolerant <blink>OMG you’re having a seizure</blink >

@brucel so is backwards compatible <video src=“video.mp4” > <p>Can’t play
it . <a href=“video.mp4”>Download it</a>.</p > </video >

@brucel Silly HTML3 <FIG SRC=“nicodamus.jpeg" >   <CAPTION>Ground dweller: <I>Nicodamus
bicolor</I> builds silk snares</CAPTION >   <P>A small hairy spider light fleshy red in color with a brown abdomen.  <CREDIT>J. A. L. Cooke/OSF</CREDIT> </FIG>

@brucel Clever HTML5 <FIGURE > <IMG SRC=“nicodamus.jpeg" >   <FIGCAPTION>Ground
dweller: <I>Nicodamus bicolor</I> builds silk snares</FIGCAPTION >   <P>A small hairy spider light fleshy red in color with a brown abdomen.  <SMALL>J. A. L. Cooke/OSF</SMALL> </FIG>

@brucel Paving a cowpath <picture > <source srcset=“tiny.webp” type=“image/webp” >
<img src=“small.jpg” alt=“...” > </picture>

@brucel

@brucel HTML is interoperable. <b><i>I’m badly nested</b></i >

@brucel Ninja by Efe Palavan from the Noun Project

@brucel CSS is fault tolerant button {color: black; background: white;
background-image: linear-gradient (...); background-image: paint ( ... ); }

@brucel JavaScript is NOT declarative Imperative programming focuses on describing
how a program operates. The term is often used in contrast to declarative programming, which focuses on what the program should accomplish without specifying how the program should achieve the result.

@brucel Principle of Least Power The choice of language is
a common design choice. The low power end of the scale is typically simpler to design, implement and use, but the high power end of the scale has all the attraction of being an open-ended hook into which anything can be placed: a door to uses bounded only by the imagination of the programmer. Sir Uncle Timbo https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/Principles.html#PLP “

@brucel

https://kryogenix.org/code/browser/everyonehasjs.html

@brucel Oooh demo

@brucel Wooooh code <input type=“checkbox”><span>blah blah blah</span > <label for=“thing”>
blah blah blah </label > <input id=“thing” type=“checkbox”>

@brucel https://wicg.github.io/aom/explainer.html

@brucel <button> <div class=“Btn”>Click me (if you can!)</div > •
Remember to set ARIA role (in HTML or JS) • Remember to manage focusability • Remember to listen for the correct keypresses

@brucel “Perhaps we could research why we need 92 variants
of button related elements that aren't a native button, for example, and try to fi ll the native gap.” https://almanac.httparchive.org/en/2019/markup

@brucel

@brucel div “The div element has no special meaning at
all. Authors are strongly encouraged to view the div element as an element of last resort, for when no other element is suitable. Use of more appropriate elements instead of the div element leads to better accessibility for readers and easier maintainability for authors.”

@brucel

@brucel Screen reader users webaim.org/projects/screenreadersurvey5/ - used by kind permission

@brucel • Leonie vid clip https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2019/02/accessibility-webinar/

@brucel 11 tags are used on > 90% of pages
<html > <head > <body > <title > <meta > <a > <div > <link > <script > <img > <span >

@brucel 15 other elements occur on > 50% of pages:
<ul > <li > <p > <style > <input > <br > <form > <h2 > <h1 > <iframe > <h3 > <button > <footer > <header > <nav >

@brucel “Structured data” When you add markup to your content,
you help search engines understand the di ff erent components of a page. When Google's systems understand your page more clearly, Google Search can surface content through the cool features discussed in this post, which can enhance the user experience and get you more tra ff i c. https://webmasters.googleblog.com/2019/04/enriching-search-results-structured-data.html

@brucel ooooh $$$$ • Eventbrite leveraged event structured data and
saw 100% increase in the typical YOY growth of tra ff i c from search. • Jobrapido integrated with the job experience on Google Search and saw 115% increase in organic tra ff i c, 270% increase of new user registrations from organic tra ff i c, and 15% lower bounce rate for Google visitors to job pages. • Rakuten used the recipe search experience and saw a 2.7X increase in tra ff i c from search engines and a 1.5X increase in session duration.

@brucel <article itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting" > <header > <h2 itemprop="headline" id="post-11">The
HTML Treasure Hunt</h2 > <time itemprop="dateCreated pubdate datePublished" datetime="2019-05-20">Monday 20 May 2019</time > </header > .. . </article>

@brucel

@brucel Accessibility is part of Usability “high conformance with web
accessibility guidelines may provide bene fi ts to users without disabilities.” 

@brucel Schmutz, Sonderegger and Sauer   • Sixty-one participants without
disabilities used one of three websites di ff ering in levels of accessibility • A high level of web accessibility led to better performance (i.e., task completion time and task completion rate) than low or very low accessibility. • Likewise, high web accessibility improved user ratings (i.e., perceived usability, aesthetics, workload and trustworthiness) compared to low or very low web accessibility. Department of Psychology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland www.unifr.ch/psycho/assets/files/KogErg/SchmutzSondereggerSauer2016.pdf

@brucel

@brucel https://twitter.com/goodwitch/status/1106231135443410944

@brucel

@brucel • Picture of TBL “web developer”

@brucel Sir Uncle Timbo: The web is for everyone and
collectively we hold the power to change it. It won’t be easy. But if we dream a little and work a lot, we can get the web we want. https://webfoundation.org/2019/03/web-birthday-30/

@brucel What can you do? Learn the semantics of HTML.
There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all!

@brucel Most 2-year-olds can say about 100 words.

@brucel By the time your toddler is 2 1/2, she'll
probably know close to 300

@brucel

@brucel What can you do? • Learn the semantics of
HTML. There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all! • Run automated tests and go for low-hanging fruit, e.g. colour contrast

@brucel 98% of top million pages have errors https://webaim.org/projects/million/

@brucel https://ada.is/contrast-widget/

@brucel What can you do? • Learn the semantics of
HTML. There are 120(ish) elements, that’s all! • Run automated tests and go for low-hanging fruit, e.g. colour contrast • Use HTML (and CSS) wherever possible. • Make sites that work without JavaScript, then enhance with JS. • Choose your libraries carefully.

@brucel tenon-ui.info Bruce Approved!

@brucel react-bootstrap https://react-bootstrap.github.io/components/navs/

@brucel What no <nav>? Bruce rejected.

@brucel http://marcosmoura.com/angular-material-sidemenu/

@brucel What no <nav>? Bruce rejected.

@brucel http://www.commitstrip.com/en/2019/04/19/its-better-with-javascript/

@brucel

@brucel “Developer Experience” Bait-and-Switch We cannot continue to use as
much JavaScript as is now “normal” and expect the web to fl ourish. To get this fi xed, we need to confront the “developer experience” bait-and-switch. Tools that cost the poorest users to pay wealthy developers are bunk. Alex Russell https://infrequently.org/2018/09/the-developer-experience-bait-and-switch/ “

Rise of The Smartphones

the highest average cost is 30,000% more than the cheapest
average price https://www.visualcapitalist.com/cost-of-mobile-data-worldwide/

Android majority median UK speed is 28.51 Mbps, USA is
54.99 Mbps, and Hong Kong is 112.32 Mbps Android %age 1 GB data as %age GNI/ capita Download speed (Mbps) Rwanda 80% 3.39% 0.81 Cambodia 60% 1.74% 1.29 India 96% 0.45% 4.09 Indonesia 92% 1.21% 1.88 Laos 83% 2.25% 1.99 Philippines 87% 1.36% 2.05 Thailand 74% 1.14% 14.90 Vietnam 68% 1.07% 16.39

Responsive images <picture > <source srcset=pic.avif media=image/avif > <source srcset=pic.webp
media=image/webp > <img src=pic.jpg alt=whatevs > </picture>

On a website I recently built, I could reduce the
total image size from 1.72MB to 172KB just by converting images to avif. https://www.htmhell.dev/tips/the-avif-image-format/ “ 90% reduction in image weight

@brucel How To Make Internet Affordable Even with more phones
than ever before, the cost of Internet is a major obstacle. In Nigeria, the data needed to watch just 2 minutes of online video a day can cost more than sending a child to school for a month. https://webwewant.org/news/how-to-make-internet-a ff ordable/ “

The Baseline Costs of JavaScript Frameworks Your React application will
never load faster than about 1.1 seconds on an average phone in India, no matter how much you optimize it. Your Angular app will always take at least 2.7 seconds to boot up. Ankur Sethi, Nov 2018 https://blog.uncommon.is/the-baseline-costs-of-javascript-frameworks-f768e2865d4a “

ICT access by population Total   global population ~7.4 billion
High-speed   internet 1.1 billion Total   internet users 3.2 billion Mobile phones 5.2 billion Within mobile coverage 7 billion World Bank: Digital Dividends 2016

Developing countries are home to 94% of the global offline
population. “ - State of Connectivity 2014, internet.org

Making the internet universally accessible and affordable should be a
global priority . “ World Bank

Courtesy of Hesperian

If you want to liberate a country, give them the
internet. “ - Wael Ghonim, Egyptian internet activist

an increase in Internet maturity similar to the one experienced
in mature countries over the past 5 years creates an increase in real GDP per capita of $500 on average during this period. “ Internet matters - The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)

It took the Industrial Revolution of the 19th century 50
years to produce the same result. “ Internet matters - The Net’s sweeping impact on growth, jobs, and prosperity (McKinsey Global Institute)

@brucel • [image of a crowd of people - terrible
stock photo?]

@brucel

THANKS ’N’ ELBOW BUMPS! brucelawson.co.uk @brucel * Other Bruce Lawsons
are available. ** known to cause nausea in some jurisdictions.

frontzurich 26 August 2021

frontzurich 26 August 2021

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