The unconventional devices for the Android video streaming

Streaming video is not just through Android smartphone and tablet.
The 2014 was the year where Chromecast reached its brightness, getting into 4 millions living rooms. The 2015 instead is the year of the Android TV, the Google way “to smart” the TV.
This talk we’ll give you an overview about the streaming in Android. Starting from video streaming on mobile devices, we will guide you into the evolution of the development through Chromecast up to Android TV.
Matteo Bonifazi and Alessandro Martellucci will be illustrating this talk with their experiences developing mobile television applications for the main Italian broadcaster providers.

1. THE UNCONVENTIONAL DEVICES FOR THE VIDEO STREAMING IN ANDROID
2. a.martellucci[at]reply.it @martellux +AlessandroMartellucci m.bonifazi[at]reply.it @mbonifazi +MatteoBonifazi Who We Are
3. Who We Are our books Sviluppare applicazioni per Android in 7 giorni Android Programmazione Avanzata Coming soon!
4. •  Reply is today a leading IT Services Company, which operates in Italy, Germany, UK, Benelux, USA and Brazil. •  Open Reply is the company of Reply Group focused on open source software, multichannel web solutions and mobile applications. •  Based in Rome, our team is based a young team of over 40 engineers 100% focused on mobile development (iOS, Android & Windows Phone). •  We are specialised in broadcasting, banking and Android OS Customisation. Open Reply
5. Engage users through streaming app *http://www.nielsen.com/us/en/insights/reports/2014/shifts-in-viewing-the-cross-platform-report-q2-2014.html +53% +80% +60% -1% -1% -2% 18/34 35/49 50/64 Ages
6. Engage users through streaming app q  In US more than 2 milion people watched last World Cup by a mobile App.1 q  270% increase in online video watched by smartphone and tablet.2 q  More than one bilion tap on Google Chromecast cast button.3 q  YouTube viewer habits prove “the bigger the screen, the longer people watch.”4 1)WatchESPN app access 2)Nielsen Q3 ‘14 Total Audience report 3) Google’s Omid Kordestani interview 2015 4) Youtube usage internal analysis.
7. q  Playing a video content on your handheld device. q  Streaming taiolered for the user with q  Easiest way to enjoy video and music on user TV with Presentation Millestone
8. Android multimedia framework Android support for playing several media types from media file stored inside the application (raw resources, standalone files) or for OTT streaming. *Camera, foto rendering and other media type are managed by it but they are out of scope for this talk. Network Protocols RTSP (RTP, SDP) HTTP/HTTPS progressive streaming HTTP/HTTPS live streaming Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH) Smooth Streaming Core Media Formats H.263 ->3GPP(.3gp),MPEG-4(.mp4) H.264 AVC -> 3GPP(.3gp),MPEG-4(.mp4),MPEG-TS(.ts) MPEG-4 SP -> 3GPP(.3gp) VP8 -> WebM(.webm),Matroska(.mkv) Note. Any given mobile device may provide support for additional formats or file types not listed in the table.
9. Android multimedia framework documentation 50% Android multimedia framework questions are unaswered on Stackoverflow
10. //1. Find the view from the layout VideoView myVideoView = (VideoView)findViewById(R.id.myvideoview); //2. Setup video url myVideoView.setVideoURI(Uri.parse(SrcPath)); //3. Setup Video controller myVideoView.setMediaController(new MediaController(this)); //4. Start playing myVideoView.requestFocus(); myVideoView.start(); VideoView.java Media Playback 1/2
11. //0. Get SurfaceView and its holder mPreview = (SurfaceView)findViewById(R.id.surfaceView); holder = mPreview.getHolder(); mp = new MediaPlayer(); //1. Create MediaPlayer object: //2. Add SurfaceHolder callback - Aware when SurfaceView is created holder.addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback(){ .... @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { mp.setDisplay(holder); //3. Attach the surface to the player try { mp.setDataSource(filepath); //4. Prepare the Mediaplayer in sync or async mode ( prepareAsync() ) mp.prepare(); } catch (Exception e) {// Catch the exception} mp.start(); //5. Start the player }... }); MediaPlayer.java Media Playback 2/2
12. ExoPlayer ExoPlayer is a media player built on top of the MediaExtractor and MediaCodec APIs released in Android 4.1 (API level 16). ExoPlayer provides default TrackRenderer implementations for audio and video, which make use of the MediaCodec and AudioTrack classes in the Android framework. During playback, your app can listen for events generated by the ExoPlayer that indicates the overall state of the player (ExoPlayer.Listener).
13. player = ExoPlayer.Factory.newInstance(RENDERER_COUNT, minBuffer, maxBuffer); // 2. Construct renderers. DataSource dataSource = new UriDataSource(userAgent, bandwidthMeter); HlsChunkSource chunkSource = new HlsChunkSource(dataSource, url, manifest, bandwidthMeter, null, HlsChunkSource.ADAPTIVE_MODE_SPLICE); HlsSampleSource sampleSource = new HlsSampleSource(chunkSource, true, 3); MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer videoRenderer = new MediaCodecVideoTrackRenderer(sampleSource, MediaCodec.VIDEO_SCALING_MODE_SCALE_TO_FIT, 5000, player.getMainHandler(), player, 50); MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer audioRenderer = new MediaCodecAudioTrackRenderer(sampleSource); player.prepare(videoRenderer, audioRenderer); // 3. Inject the renderers through prepare. player.setSurface(surfaceView.getHolder().getSurface()); // 4. Pass the surface to the video renderer. player.setPlayWhenReady(true); // 5. Start playback … … player.release(); // Release when everything is done! ExoPlayer.java ExoPlayer – HLS implementation
14. What next? q  Built-in players ü  AwesomePlayer (default player selected) ü  NuPlayer (Apple HLS) q  Extra player factories can be registered q  DIY mediaplayer ü  Demuxing: android.media.mediaExtractor ü  Decoding: android.media.MediaCodec ü  Video rendering: android.media.MediaCodec ü  Audio rendering: android.media.AudioTrack ü  Implement the interfaceframeworks/av/include/media/MediaPlayerInterface.h
15. Android TV
16. Android TV is Android!!!
17. Smartphone 5” 320 dp TV Full HD 30” 320 dp 10 feet 16 inches 10 foot experience
18. Keep calm and lean back!! Provides built-in tailored for 10 feet experience
19. <uses-feature android:name="android.software.leanback" android:required="true" /> <application android:allowBackup="false” android:label="@string/app_name” android:theme="@style/Theme.Leanback" > <activity android:name="MainActivity” android:screenOrientation="landscape" > <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LEANBACK_LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> AndroidManifest.xml Android Manifest features1/2
20. Android Manifest features 2/2 Supporting landscape orientation is mandatory No touch screen is required <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.sensor.accelerometer” android:required="false" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.touchscreen” android:required="false"/> <activity android:name=”AndroidTvActivity” android:screenOrientation="landscape" > Limit your sensor! Your app doesn’t need to accelerate!!!
21. Leanback UI component – BroswerFragment
22. Leanback UI component – DetailFragment
23. Building Live TV Apps TV Input Framework provides a unified method for receiving audio and video channel content from hardware sources and software sources. Android 5.0 (API level 21) or higher TV Provider manages all EPG info, meanwhile TV Input Manager handles streaming contents.
24. TV Input Manager <service android:name=”droidcon.it.DroidconTvInputService" android:label="@string/sample_tv_input_label" android:permission="android.permission.BIND_TV_INPUT"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.media.tv.TvInputService" /> </intent-filter> <meta-data android:name="android.media.tv.input" android:resource="@xml/sample_tv_input" /> </service> onTune() event is fired when user selects a channel, and notifies the system TV app for changes in the content and meta data. TvInputService creates a TvInputService.Session that implements Handler.Callback to handle player state changes.
25. TV provider <uses-permission android:name="com.android.providers.tv.permission.READ_EPG_DATA" /> <uses-permission android:name="com.android.providers.tv.permission.WRITE_EPG_DATA" /> Tv Channel COLUMN_DESCRIPTION COLUMN_DISPLAY_NAME COLUMN_DISPLAY_NUMBER COLUMN_INPUT_ID COLUMN_SERVICE_TYPE COLUMN_TRANSPORT_STREAM_ID COLUMN_TYPE COLUMN_INTERNAL_PROVIDER_DATA COLUMN_NETWORK_AFFILIATION COLUMN_ORIGINAL_NETWORK_ID COLUMN_SEARCHABLE COLUMN_SERVICE_ID COLUMN_VERSION_NUMBER COLUMN_VIDEO_FORMAT Tv Program COLUMN_LONG_DESCRIPTION COLUMN_POSTER_ART_URI COLUMN_SEASON_NUMBER COLUMN_SHORT_DESCRIPTION COLUMN_START_TIME_UTC_MILLIS COLUMN_THUMBNAIL_URI COLUMN_TITLE COLUMN_VERSION_NUMBER COLUMN_VIDEO_HEIGHT COLUMN_VIDEO_WIDTH COLUMN_AUDIO_LANGUAGE COLUMN_BROADCAST_GENRE COLUMN_CANONICAL_GENRE COLUMN_CHANNEL_ID COLUMN_CONTENT_RATING COLUMN_END_TIME_UTC_MILLIS COLUMN_EPISODE_NUMBER COLUMN_EPISODE_TITLE COLUMN_INTERNAL_PROVIDER_DATA A basic database of TV content metadata such as channel and program information. Manifest permission:
26. Chromecast a cast-ready device for multi-screen experience source: www.google.it
27. Chromecast some numbers •  10 million units sold •  1 billion times for Cast button •  300+ apps on Play Store •  6000 developers on 10000 apps
28. Chromecast components •  Google Cast technology •  Multi-Screen experiece •  Google Cast SDK •  Sender Application •  Android app •  iOS app •  Chrome app •  Receiver Application •  Default Media Receiver •  Styled Media Receiver •  Custom Media Receiver
29. Android Client Application library dependencies •  Minimum SDK version supported by Google Cast is 9 (Gingerbread) •  MediaRouter API of android-support-v7 •  Google Play Services •  AppCompat API of android-support-v7
30. Android Client Application typical sender application flow •  Sender app starts MediaRouter device discovery: MediaRouter.addCallback •  MediaRouter informs sender app of the route the user selected: MediaRouter.Callback.onRouteSelected •  Sender app retrieves CastDevice instance: CastDevice.getFromBundle •  Sender app creates and uses GoogleApiClient: GoogleApiClient.Builder •  Sender app launches the receiver app: Cast.CastApi.launchApplication •  Sender app creates a communication channel: Cast.CastApi.setMessageReceivedCallbacks •  Sender sends a message to the receiver over the communication channel: Cast.CastApi.sendMessage source: developers.google.com
31. Cast-Ready Device Discovery capabilities Remote  Playback   Live  Audio   Live  Video   MediaRouteSelector.Builder builder = new MediaRouteSelector.Builder(); builder.addControlCategory(MediaControlIntent.CATEGORY_REMOTE_PLAYBACK); builder.addControlCategory(MediaControlIntent.CATEGORY_LIVE_AUDIO); builder.addControlCategory(MediaControlIntent.CATEGORY_LIVE_VIDEO); MediaRouterSelector selector = builder.build(); MainAc'vity.java  
32. Media Cast Button easy approach for discovering source: developers.google.com source: developers.google.com public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { MenuItem mediaRouteMenuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.media_route_menu_item); MediaRouteActionProvider mediaRouteActionProvider = (MediaRouteActionProvider) MenuItemCompat.getActionProvider(mediaRouteMenuItem); mediaRouteActionProvider.setRouteSelector(mMediaRouteSelector); } MainAc'vity.java  
33. RemoteMediaPlayer …finally MediaInfo mediaInfo = new MediaInfo.Builder("http://your.server.com/video.mp4") .setContentType("video/mp4") .setStreamType(MediaInfo.STREAM_TYPE_BUFFERED) .setMetadata(mediaMetadata) .build(); … mRemoteMediaPlayer = new RemoteMediaPlayer(); mRemoteMediaPlayer.load(mApiClient, mediaInfo, true); … MainAc'vity.java  
34. Receiver Application powered by Chrome What is? HTML5 and Javascript application What does? Display the media content on TV Message handling Which type? Default  Media  Receiver   Styled  Media  Receiver   Custom  Media  Receiver   source: unknow
35. Default Media Receiver simplest •  Off-the-shelf •  No UI customization •  No registration Source: developers.google.com
36. Styled Media Receiver simple and customizable •  Similar to Default Media Player •  CSS UI customization •  Registration Source: developers.google.com
37. Custom Media Receiver whatever you want •  Fully Web Applicaiton •  Debug(able) at 9222 •  Registration Source: developers.google.com
38. Custom Media Receiver basic example <html> <head> <title>Example minimum receiver</title> <script src="//www.gstatic.com/cast/sdk/libs/receiver/2.0.0/cast_receiver.js"></script> </head> <body> <video id='media'/> <script> window.mediaElement = document.getElementById('media'); window.mediaManager = new cast.receiver.MediaManager(window.mediaElement); window.castReceiverManager = cast.receiver.CastReceiverManager.getInstance(); window.castReceiverManager.start(); </script> </body> </html> Index.htm  
39. Custom Media Receiver advanced features •  Video Codification/Decodification •  H.264 High Profile Level 4.1, 4.2 and 5 •  VP8 •  Adaptive Bitrate Streaming •  HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) •  Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (MPEG-DASH) •  Smooth Streaming •  Digital Rights Management •  Play Ready DRM •  Widevine DRM •  Media Player Library
40. Custom Media Receiver advanced example Index.htm   <html> <head> <script src="//www.gstatic.com/cast/sdk/libs/mediaplayer/1.0.0/media_player.js" /> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> window.defaultOnLoad = mediaManager.onLoad; mediaManager.onLoad = function (event) { if (window.player !== null) { player.unload(); window.player = null; }
41. Custom Media Receiver advanced example if (event.data['media'] && event.data['media']['contentId']) { var url = event.data['media']['contentId']; window.host = new cast.player.api.Host({'mediaElement':mediaElement, 'url':url}); var ext = url.substring(url.lastIndexOf('.'), url.length); var startAt = event.data['media']['currentTime'] || 0; var autoplay = event.data['autoplay'] || true; var protocol = null; mediaElement.autoplay = autoplay; if (url.lastIndexOf('.m3u8') >= 0) { protocol = cast.player.api.CreateHlsStreamingProtocol(host); } else if (url.lastIndexOf('.mpd') >= 0) { protocol = cast.player.api.CreateDashStreamingProtocol(host); } else if (url.indexOf('.ism/') >= 0) { protocol = cast.player.api.CreateSmoothStreamingProtocol(host); } Index.htm  
42. Custom Media Receiver advanced example host.onError = function(errorCode) { if (window.player) { window.player.unload(); window.player = null; } }; if (protocol !== null) { window.player = new cast.player.api.Player(host); window.player.load(protocol, startAt); } else { window.defaultOnLoad(event); } } } window.player = null; window.castReceiverManager = cast.receiver.CastReceiverManager.getInstance(); castReceiverManager.start(); Index.html  
43. Resources •  Google Cast: https://developers.google.com/cast •  Chromecast App: http://www.google.it/chrome/devices/chromecast/apps.html •  Google Cast Downloads: https://developers.google.com/cast/docs/downloads •  Github: https://github.com/googlecast •  Android TV: https://developer.android.com/tv •  Android TV Apps: http://www.google.it/chrome/devices/chromecast/apps.html •  Android TV codelab: g.co/dev/codelab-androidtv •  Github Leanback: https://github.com/googlesamples/androidtv-Leanback.git
44. Enjoy the video thank you to all of you Source: www.huffingtonpost.ca +MatteoBonifazi +AlessandroMartellucci @mbonifazi @martellux