Debian Updates - OSC 2025 Online/Fall

Transcript

1. Debian Updates OSC2025 Online/Fall ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձʢग़ு൛ʣ Debian JP Project ਿຊ యॆ dictoss@debian.or.jp 2025-10-18
2. Agenda Debian ͱ͸ʁ Debian JP Project ͱ Debian ษڧձ MiniDebConf Japan 2025 Debian 13 trixie ೔ຊޠʹ͓͚Δ Debian ͷ৘ใ ࠓޙͷΠϕϯτ
3. Debian ͱ͸ʁ
4. Debian ͱ͸ʁ https://www.debian.org/ ϘϥϯςΟΞͰϑϦʔ/ΦʔϓϯͰϢχόʔαϧͳ ʮΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ (OS) ʯΛ։ൃ͢Δ ʮίϛϡχςΟʯ
5. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ Debian ͸ϘϥϯςΟΞͷΈͰ։ൃ͍ͯ͠·͢ σΟετϦ اۀ ϘϥϯςΟΞ Fedora Red Hat ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ CentOS Stream Red Hat ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ RHEL1 Red Hat ͳ͠ Debian ͳ͠ ͋Γ Ubuntu Canonical ͋Γ openSUSE SUSE ࢧԉ͋Γ ͋Γ SLES2 SUSE ͳ͠ 1Red Hat Enterprise Linux 2SUSE Linux Enterprise Server
6. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ ༷ʑͳ༻్ʹ࢖͑Δ൚༻తͳ࡞Γ ϊʔτ PCɺσεΫτοϓ PC ͳͲͷීஈར༻͢Δίϯ ϐϡʔλͷ OS Linux αʔόͷ OS web αʔόͷγΣΞ (2025-10-17 ࣌఺)3ɿ Linux αʔόͷ಺ɺUbuntu 13.9 %ɺDebian 7.4 %ɺ CentOS 1.9 %ɺAlmaLinux 0.3 %ɺRed Hat 0.2 %ɺ Unknown 76.1 % ૊ࠐσόΠεͷϕʔε OS ʢଟ͘ͷ CPU Ͱಈ࡞͢Δʣ ʮDebianʯϕʔεͳ೿ੜ OS ͷݯྲྀ ྫɿUbuntuɺKali LinuxɺRaspberry Pi OS ೿ੜઌͷσΟετϦϏϡʔγϣϯͱ૬ޓʹ৘ใަ׵Λ ͯ͠։ൃ͍ͯ͠Δ 3https: //w3techs.com/technologies/details/os-linux/all/all
7. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ ࠷৽ͷ҆ఆ൛͸ Debian 13 (2025 ೥ 8 ݄ 9 ೔ϦϦʔε) ίʔυωʔϜ: trixie 2025 ೥ 10 ݄࣌఺ͷϚΠφʔߋ৽൛ Debian 13.1 ύοέʔδ਺͸ ໿ 69,830 Ҏ্Λఏڙ (લͷϦϦʔε͔Β໿ 8,844 ύοέʔδ͕࡟আ) ެࣜʹαϙʔτ͢Δ CPU ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸ 7 ͭ amd64,arm64,armhf,armel,ppc64el,s390x,riscv64 ͨͩ͠ armel ͸Ұ෦੍ݶ͋Γ 7 ͭʹؚ·Εͳ͍ i386 ͸ݶఆతͳαϙʔτͰఏڙ ࣍ͷ҆ఆ൛ ͸ Debian 14 ίʔυωʔϜ: forky τΠɾετʔϦʔͷΩϟϥΫλʔ໊Λ࠾༻ 2027 ೥ՆࠒʹϦϦʔε͢ΔͱࢥΘΕΔ
8. Debian ͱ͍͏ΦϖϨʔςΟϯάγεςϜ ϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ ϝδϟʔϦϦʔεɿ͓͓Αͦ 2 ೥͝ͱ Debian ͸ time-based freeze Λ࠾༻ ඪ४αϙʔτɿ3 ೥ LTS4ɿඪ४αϙʔτऴྃޙ͔Β 2 ೥ ର৅ΞʔΩςΫνϟ͸ amd64ɺi386ɺarm ܥʹݶఆ͢ Δ৔߹͕ଟ͍ ओཁͳύοέʔδͷΈαϙʔτ (શύοέʔδͰ͸ͳ͍) Extended LTSɿLTS ऴྃޙ͔Β 5 ೥ ެࣜͷ Debian ϓϩδΣΫτͷӡӦͰ͸ͳ͘ɺLTS Λϝ ϯςφϯε͍ͯ͠Δ Freexian ͷ঎༻αʔϏε ܖ໿ऀ͕αϙʔτ͢ΔύοέʔδΛࢦఆ͢Δ ߋ৽΍ηΩϡϦςΟमਖ਼ͨ͠ύοέʔδ͸͢΂ͯͷ Debian Ϣʔβʔ͕ແྉͰར༻Մೳ ͓ئ͍ɿͰ͖Δ͚ͩ࣍ͷόʔδϣϯʹ্͍͛ͯͩ͘͞ 4Long Term Support
9. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ Debian ΁ͷࢀՃऀ͸ੈքதʹ͍·͢ Debian ։ൃऀ (Debian DeveloperɺDD) Debian Project ͷެࣜ։ൃऀ ໿ 56 ϲࠃʹ 1,036 ໊ (2025-10-17 ࣌఺)5 ೔ຊʹࡏॅ͍ͯ͠Δਓ͸ 33 ਓ ࠃผਓ਺Ͱ͸υΠπɺΞϝϦΧɺϑϥϯεɺΠΪϦεɺ Χφμʹ͍࣍Ͱ೔ຊ͸ୈ 6 Ґ (਺ਓͷࠩͰ 3 ͔ࠃ͕ޙ Ζʹ͍Δ) Debian ϝϯςφʔ (Debian MaintainerɺDM) ύοέʔδϝϯςφʔ υΩϡϝϯτͳͲͷ຋༁ ͦͷ΄͔ʹ΋ଟ͘ͷߩݙऀ͕ͨͪ Debian ʹࢀՃ 5https: //people.debian.org/~eriberto/udd/dd-by-country.html
10. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ Debian ࣾձܖ໿ 6 Debian ։ൃऀ ͕ͨͪ໨ࢦ͢ϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞίϛϡ χςΟͷࡏΓํ Debian ϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞΨΠυϥΠϯʢDFSGʣ Debian ࣾձܖ໿ͷҰ෦ Debian ͕ߟ͑ΔϑϦʔιϑτ΢ΣΞͷఆٛ Φʔϓϯιʔεͷఆٛͷͻͳܗʹ΋ͳ͍ͬͯΔ Debian Policy7 Debian ύοέʔδͷ۠෼ɺ಺༰ɺϧʔϧɺϑΝΠϧ഑ ஔͷํ਑ͳͲͷٕज़తͳఆٛ 6https://www.debian.org/social_contract 7https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/
11. Debian ͱ͍͏ίϛϡχςΟ DebConf ೥ʹҰ౓ɺDebian ։ൃऀ͕ϦΞϧʹू·ͬͯ։࠵͢Δ ΧϯϑΝϨϯε ͨͩ͠ɺ2020 ೥ͱ 2021 ೥͸ COVID-19 ͷӨڹͰΦϯ ϥΠϯ։࠵ ࠷ۙͷ DebConf 2022/07/17 - 07/24: Debconf22: Prizren, Kosovo 2023/09/10 - 09/17: Debconf23: Kochi, India 2024/07/28 - 08/04: Debconf24: Busan, South Korea 2025/07/14 - 07/19: Debconf25: Brest, France https://debconf25.debconf.org/ ൃදͷϏσΦ͕͋Γ·͢ͷͰͥͻ͝ཡ͍ͩ͘͞ 2026/07(༧ఆ): Debconf26: Santa Fe, Argentina https://debconf26.debconf.org/
12. Debian JP Project ͱ Debianษڧձ
13. Debian JP Project ͱ͸ʁ https://www.debian.or.jp/ ೔ຊʹ͓͍ͯ Debian Λීٴͤ͞Δ͜ͱΛ໨తͱͨ͠೚ ҙஂମ ׆ಈ಺༰ Debian ͷ೔ຊޠʹΑΔ৘ใൃ৴ Ϣʔβͱͷ৘ใަ׵ Debian ։ൃऀ΍ύοέʔδϝϯςφͷҭ੒ͳͲ
14. Debianษڧձ 2005 ೥ 1 ݄։࢝ (Debian ։ൃऀ ্઒͞Μ͕ൃىਓ) ౦ژͱؔ੢Ͱ݄ʹҰճίϯελϯτʹ։࠵͍ͯ͠Δ Debian ։ൃऀɺDebian ϢʔβʹΑΔษڧձ ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձ 8 ؔ੢ Debian ษڧձ 9 COVID-19 Λܖػʹɺ2020 ೥ 3 ݄͔Β౦ژΤϦΞͱؔ ੢ͰΦϯϥΠϯʹΑΔ߹ಉษڧձΛ։࠵த ษڧձͷ໨త ఆظతʹू·Δ ஌ݟΛࢿྉʹ·ͱΊͯެ։ʢGPL-2+ʣ https://salsa.debian.org/tokyodebian-team/ monthly-report 8https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ 9https://wiki.debian.org/KansaiDebianMeeting
15. Debianษڧձ:࠷ۙͷษڧձ ษڧձͷ಺༰ Debian ք۾΍ύοέʔδϯάؔ࿈ͷ࿩୊ͳͲઐ໳ͷਓ ʹ࿩Λฉ͘ Debian ͰؾʹͳͬͨࣄฑΛௐ΂ͯϨϙʔτ͢Δ લճͷ಺༰ʢ7 ݄ʣ: ৔ॴ: ΦϯϥΠϯ ηϛφʔʮDebConf25 ϑϥϯεݱ஍Ϩϙʔτʯ ֤஍ͷΠϕϯτͰ Debian ීٴ׆ಈ OSC2025 ๺ւಓɺOSC2025 ౦ژ ؔ੢ΦʔϓϯϑΥʔϥϜ
16. MiniDebConf Japan 2025
17. MiniDebConf Japan 2025ɿ֓ཁ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ minidebconf-japan-2025/ ೔࣌ɿ2025 ೥ 9 ݄ 6 ೔ʹ։࠵ ৔ॴɿ๺ւಓѴ઒ࢢͷѴ઒๺༸Ϗϧ ๺༸ϗʔϧ ೔ຊͰ͸ લճ 2016 ೥։࠵͔Β 9 ೥ͿΓ ࢀՃऀ ߹ܭ 90 ਓ (಺༁ɿձ৔ 30 ਓɺϦϞʔτ 60 ਓ)
18. MiniDebConf Japan 2025ɿൃදҰཡ ๺ւಓͷ Linux ίϛϡχςΟͷ੒Γཱͪͱ͜Ε͔Β Soʜ What is Ubuntu to Debian, Really? BoF: Ask not what your distro can do for you, ask what you can do for your distro Debian JP Server Administration / Debian JP ͷαʔό ؅ཧ Debian 13 trixie ͰมΘͬͨ 64bit time t Ҡߦʹ͍ͭͯ Securing Embedded Linux Using Various Debian Mechanisms ʲεϙϯαʔߨԋʳαΠόʔτϥετͷ Linux distro ։ ൃ΁ͷऔΓ૊Έͱ FLOSS ׆ಈࢧԉ؀ڥͷ঺հ ஍Ҭͱͱ΋ʹาΉɹʙ๺ւಓʹ͓͚ΔΤϯδχΞί ϛϡχςΟͱ࣍ੈ୅ҭ੒ DebConf25 ࢀՃใࠂ
19. MiniDebConf Japan 2025ɿൃද
20. MiniDebConf Japan 2025ɿ࠙਌
21. Debian 13 trixie
22. Debian 13 trixie Debian 13 (ίʔυωʔϜɿtrixie) 2025 ೥ 8 ݄ 9 ೔ʹϦϦʔεͨ͠࠷৽ͷ҆ఆ൛ϦϦʔε https://wiki.debian.org/DebianTrixie αϙʔτ͢Δ CPU ΞʔΩςΫνϟ (7 ͭ) amd64, arm64, armhf, armel, ppc64el, s390x, riscv64 ͨͩ͠ɺarmel ͸੍ݶ͋Γ Πϯετʔϥ͸ఏڙͳ͠ Χʔωϧ͸ Raspberry Pi 1ɺZeroɺ͓Αͼ Zero W ͷΈ αϙʔτ ݶఆతͳαϙʔτ (i386) amd64 ؀ڥʹ͓͚Δ 32bit ϓϩάϥϜͷ࣮ߦ༻ ΠϯετʔϥͱΧʔωϧ͸ఏڙͳ͠
23. Debian 13 trixie Debian Installer Trixie https://www.debian.org/releases/trixie/ debian-installer/ ࣗ෼ͷ؀ڥͰΠϯετʔϧ͕͏·͘ߦΘΕͳ͍৔߹͸ ΠϯετʔϧϨϙʔτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ https://www.debian.org/releases/trixie/ release-notes/moreinfo.ja.html#reporting-bugs ಛఆػछ޲͚ͷΠϯετʔϥ ʮother images (netboot, flexible usb stick, etc.)ʯͷϦ ϯΫઌ arm64ɺriscv64 ͳͲͰ͓ख࣋ͪͷϘʔυ PC ޲͚ͷΠϯ ετʔϥ͕͋Δ͔΋͠Ε·ͤΜ Debian Λ༷ʑͳϚγϯʹΠϯετʔϧͨ͠ه࿥ 10 10https://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/
24. Debian 13 trixie ςʔϚ ҆ఆ൛ʹ࠾༻͢ΔςʔϚ͸௨ৗίϯςετΛߦ͏ Elise Couper ͞ΜఏڙͷʮCeratopsianʯ͕࠾༻ https://wiki.debian.org/DebianDesktop/ Artwork/Trixie
25. Debian 13 trixie ιϑτ΢ΣΞ͸ҎԼͷόʔδϣϯΛఏڙ Linux Χʔωϧ 6.12 πʔϧνΣΠϯ GCC 14.2, glibc 2.41, LLVM 19(ن ఆ),18,17 Perl 5.40, Python 3.13, PHP 8.4, Ruby 3.3, OpenJDK 21, Go 1.24, Rustc 1.85 GNOME 48, KDE Plasma 6.3, LXDE 13, LXQt 2.1.0, Xfce 4.20 Apache 2.4.65, Nginx 1.26, Exim 4.98, Postfix 3.10, Bind 9.20 MariaDB 11.8, PostgreSQL 17 OpenSSH 10.0p1, OpenSSL 3.5, OpenLDAP 2.6.10, GnuPG 2.4.7 Emacs 30.1, Vim 9.1 etc..
26. Debian 13 ͷมߋ఺
27. Debian 13 ͷมߋ఺ (1) Πϯετʔϥؔ࿈ riscv64 ͷެࣜαϙʔτ ͜Ε·Ͱ࣮ݧతͳΞʔΩςΫνϟͰ͋Δ Debian Ports ѻ͍Ͱ͕͋ͬͨɺެࣜαϙʔτʹ্֨͛ Debian ΠϯετʔϥͰ௚઀ΠϯετʔϧͰ͖Δػछ΋ ͋Δ HTTP ϒʔτ αϙʔτ UEFI ͕ HTTP ϒʔτʹରԠ͍ͯ͠Δػछͷ৔߹ɺ Debian ISO Πϝʔδ (Πϯετʔϥ΍ϥΠϒΠϝʔδ) ͷ URL Λࢦఆ͢Δͱ௚઀ىಈՄೳ Debian Pure Blends ͷΠϯετʔϧ Πϯετʔϧ͢ΔػೳΛબ୒͢Δը໘ʹ Debian Pure Blends ͷ߲໨͕௥Ճ Debian JuniorɺDebian ScienceɺDebian FreedomBox ͳͲ
28. Debian 13 ͷมߋ఺ (2) 64 Ϗοτ time t ABI ΁ͷҠߦ Application Binary Interface 64 Ϗοτ൛͸ݩʑ 64 Ϗοτ time t ͷͨΊมߋͳ͠ i386 ൛Λআ͘ 32 Ϗοτ൛Ͱ time t ܕ͕ 32 Ϗοτ੔਺ ͔Β 64 Ϗοτ੔਺ʹมߋ armhf ΍ armel ͳͲͰࣗ࡞ύοέʔδΛϏϧυͯ͠ར༻ ͍ͯ͠Δਓ͸࠶Ϗϧυ͕ඞཁ Plasma 6 KDE Plasma 6.3 ʹͳΓϝδϟʔΞοϓσʔτ Qt ͸ Qt 6 ͱ Qt 5 ͷ྆ํ͕ఏڙ͞ΕΔ KDE ϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ ͸ 6 ܥ ͱ 5 ܥͷ྆ํ͕ఏڙ͞Ε Δ͕ɺ5 ܥ ͸ ࣍ظ Debian ҆ఆ൛Ͱ࡟আ༧ఆ
29. Debian 13 ͷมߋ఺ (3) ͦͷଞ amd64 ͱ arm64 Ͱ ROP ͓Αͼ COP/JOP ߈ܸ ʹର͢ ΔڧԽ Return-Oriented Programming (ROP) ߈ܸ Call/Jump-Oriented Programming (COP/JOP) ߈ܸ ར༻͢Δϋʔυ΢ΣΞͰར༻Ͱ͖Δ৔߹͸ࣗಈతʹ༗ޮ Qt Web Τϯδϯϕʔεͷ Web ϒϥ΢βͰεϖϧνΣ ο ΫͰ͖Δ ϚχϡΞϧ man ϖʔδͷ຋༁վળ ϦϓϩσϡʔεϏϧυͷਐల curl CLI ͱ libcurl Ͱ HTTP/3 Λαϙʔτɺwget ʹࣅͨ ײ͡Ͱ࢖͑Δ wcurl ͕௥Ճ
30. Debian 13 ΁ͷΞοϓά Ϩʔυ
31. Debian 13 ΁ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ (1) ஫ҙ఺͕ଟ͍ͨΊɺϦϦʔεϊʔτΛಡΜͰ͍ͩ͘͞ trixie ΁ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ͸લͷϦϦʔεͰ͋Δ bookworm ͔ΒͷΈՄ i386 ൛Λར༻͍ͯ͠Δ؀ڥ͸ΞοϓάϨʔυΛਪ঑͠ ͍ͯͳ͍ (amd64 ൛ͷ࠶ΠϯετʔϧΛਪ঑) armel ൛ʹಉࠝ͢ΔΧʔωϧύοέʔδ͸ Raspberry Pi 1ɺZeroɺ͓Αͼ Zero W ͷΈΛαϙʔτ (͜ΕҎ֎ͷ ػछͷ৔߹͸αʔυύʔςΟ੡Χʔωϧ͕ඞཁ) /boot ύʔςΟγϣϯ͸ 768MB Ҏ্͋Γɺ໿ 300MB ͷۭ͖༰ྔ͕ඞཁ /tmp ͸ tmpfs ʹมΘΓɺ/tmp ʹϑΝΠϧΛஔ͘ͱϝ ϞϦ࢖༻ྔ͕૿͑Δ /tmpɺ/var/tmp ʹஔ͍͍ͯΔϑΝΠϧ͸ఆظతʹࣗಈ ࡟আ͞ΕΔ
32. Debian 13 ΁ͷΞοϓάϨʔυ (2) ssh ઀ଓͯ͠ΞοϓάϨʔυ͢Δ৔߹͸ bookworm ࠷৽ ൛ͷ openssh ʹߋ৽͓ͯ͘͜͠ͱ ssh Ͱ DSA ݤ͸ར༻ෆՄ MariaDB Λར༻͍ͯ͠Δ؀ڥͰ͸ΞοϓάϨʔυ࣌ʹ σʔϞϯΛࣄલʹఀࢭ͓ͯ͘͠ඞཁ͋Γ Dovecot ͸ઃఆϑΝΠϧͷܗ͕ࣜมΘΓ bookworm ͱ ޓ׵͕ͳ͍ͨΊཁࣄલςετ LVM ҉߸ԽΛར༻͍ͯ͠Δਓ͸࠶ىಈલʹ systemd-cryptsetup ύοέʔδ͕ೖ͍ͬͯΔ͜ͱΛ֬ೝ ͢Δ͜ͱ ͳͲ
33. όάϨϙʔτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ Կ͔͓͔͍͠ಈ࡞΍ෆ۩߹Λݟ͚ͭͨ৔߹͸όάϨ ϙʔτΛ͓ئ͍͠·͢ όάϨϙʔτͷ࢓ํʢϨϙʔτ͸ӳޠͰૹΔඞཁ͋Γʣ https://www.debian.org/Bugs/Reporting.ja.html όάϨϙʔτͷલʹͪΐ ͬͱ૬ஊͯ͠Έ͍ͨํ͸ɺ೔ຊ ޠͷ Debian JP ϝʔϦϯάϦετ΍ɺSNS Ͱ૬ஊͯ͠ Έ͍ͯͩ͘͞ https: //www.debian.or.jp/community/ml/openml.html Twitter: @debian jp
34. ೔ຊޠʹΑΔDebianͷ৘ใ
35. ೔ຊޠʹΑΔDebianͷ৘ใ Debian JP Project https://www.debian.or.jp ౦ژΤϦΞ Debian ษڧձ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ ؔ੢ Debian ษڧձ https://wiki.debian.org/KansaiDebianMeeting Twitter @debian_jp Connpass - Debian JP άϧʔϓ https://debianjp.connpass.com/
36. ࠓޙͷΠϕϯτ 10/25ʢ౔ʣ OSC 2025 Tokyo/Fall https://event.ospn.jp/osc2025-fall/ ϒʔεग़ల͠·͢ 11/15ʢ౔ʣ ౦ژΤϦΞɾؔ੢߹ಉ Debian ษڧձʢΦ ϯϥΠϯ։࠵ʣ https://tokyodebian-team.pages.debian.net/ 2025-11.html ൃදऀΛืूத ษڧձΛҰॹʹ։࠵ͯ͘͠ΕΔํΛืूத