Makes PerfViz Hard? 2 Role Models 1960 to 1980 1980 to 2000 Century 21 3 Barycentric View Revisiting the Goal Some Facts About Triangles 4 Applications Multiprocessor Visualization Network Visualization Response Time Visualization ORACLE Visualization 5 Postscript c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 2 / 34
performance management is an orphaned area of performance tool development [4]...” (because): 1 Tool vendors avoid investing in development if they don’t see any demand 2 Performance analysts and capacity planners don’t demand what they have not conceived c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 3 / 34
L Z S Z L Z S Digital computer Cognitive computer Find the best cognitive impedence match: ZSrc ZLoad c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 4 / 34
it possible to present performance data collected from modern complex computing environments in a way similar to scientific visualization as applied to complex physical data? We’ll call this goal “PerfViz” for short Get beyond data reporting [1, 2] to data exploration [3] Some PerfViz tools already exists, especially for HPC Can we use them? Can we do better? c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 5 / 34
Sounds simple. What is cognition? How does the brain work? (See [10]) What is vision? If we understood our neural circuitry, we could choose the best visualization paradigms. c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 6 / 34
have a neocotex. Mapped complete circuitry for the Makak monkey. Hierarchy of Cortical Regions • Hierarchy e mammal ne • High variab between sp (relatively fixed • Relative siz can vary by between ind a species From: Felleman and Van Essen c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 7 / 34
know more about a monkey brain than a human brain. We also know it can be easily fooled. “I am NOT an animal!” (He’s actually a performance analyst.) Good Z match ⇒ “So simple, a caveman could do it!” c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 8 / 34
is N-dimensional (and N is large) Solaris captures about N = 300 UNIX system metrics Oracle 10g v$-tables contain about N = 200 metrics Pick N = 2: your screen is only 2-dimensional c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 11 / 34
Makes PerfViz Hard? 2 Role Models 1960 to 1980 1980 to 2000 Century 21 3 Barycentric View Revisiting the Goal Some Facts About Triangles 4 Applications Multiprocessor Visualization Network Visualization Response Time Visualization ORACLE Visualization 5 Postscript c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 12 / 34
Makes PerfViz Hard? 2 Role Models 1960 to 1980 1980 to 2000 Century 21 3 Barycentric View Revisiting the Goal Some Facts About Triangles 4 Applications Multiprocessor Visualization Network Visualization Response Time Visualization ORACLE Visualization 5 Postscript c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 16 / 34
How can we squash (encode) N-dimensional performance data onto a 2-dimensional display? In the following slides, I shall demonstrate how to pack at least N = 3 performance metrics into d = 2 dimensions whilst keeping the screen real-estate invariant (and relatively small). We can generalize from here to encode more dimensions, including time (through animation) [4]. c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 17 / 34
of gravity” is 1/3rd height of the ! (h) entroid is at 1/3rd length of each bisector (b and c) a = h and also know b = c = a + c = h (sum rule) B C A h a b c P Centroid (P) is center of gravity at 1/3rd height (h) By symmetry, centroid is at 1/3rd length of each bisector (b and c) Therefore: since b = c = a @ P, then a + a + a = h Suggests: a + b + c = h (sum rule) even if a = b = c c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 19 / 34
away from centroid b + c = h still holds point inside the ! as a convenient normalization that sum to 1 can mapped to this coordinate system c Point B C A h=1 a b c P Move P away from centroid Sum rule: a + b + c = h still holds Imagine non-uniform plate with more mass (heavier) on AB side P is still the center of mass or balance point Choose h = 1 as a convenient normalization Any 3 metrics that sum to 1, will map to this coordinate system Hence, “Barry-3” c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 20 / 34
PerfViz Hard? 2 Role Models 1960 to 1980 1980 to 2000 Century 21 3 Barycentric View Revisiting the Goal Some Facts About Triangles 4 Applications Multiprocessor Visualization Network Visualization Response Time Visualization ORACLE Visualization 5 Postscript c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 21 / 34
periodically for dynamic clustering cues Display many CPUs at once Visual area independent of CPU count Easy on the eyes, trigger off peripheral vision Updated periodically (animation ⇒ t-development) Dynamic cues e.g., clustering of points Demo: ORA %cpu vs time Demo: Barry3 coords c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 22 / 34
[email protected]@"Tetrahedron", "VertexCoordinates"[email protected]@3DD, rD, [email protected]@"Tetrahedron", "VertexCoordinates"[email protected]@4DD, rD< ê. r Ø 1 ê 2, Axes Ø False, Boxed Ø FalseD 354]= Networks use 4 metrics: unicast, multicast, broadcast, idle [4] Metrics obey the sum rule: u + m + b + i = 1 (100%) Must be a tetrahedron for Barry4 Example shows 1000 network segments (points) Cluster into “clouds” of points Allows the analyst to swivel their viewpoint (Tukey [3]) Animated demo: http://www.perfdynamics. com/Tools/tools.html c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 24 / 34
sum to 1 can mapped to Barry-3 system ex categories: s + t + f = 1 (height) ows {s,t,f} range from each side (min=0) to opp. interior angle (max=1) ion ’t know the numerical value of A T g A T in Barry-3 t f s s t f A T Minimal Frustration (f = 0) Maximal Satisfaction Maximal Frustration (f > 0) Minimal Satisfaction Apdex categories: s + t + f = 1 (height) Arrows s, t, f range from each side (min=0) to opp. interior angle (max=1) But we can’t see the value of AT (yet) ... c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 27 / 34
T with Zones Minimal Satisfaction A=0.50 A=0.75 A=0.50 A=0.75 Maximal Satisfaction A=1.00 A=1.00 A=0.00 t f s Minimal Frustration (f = 0) Maximal Frustration (f > 0) s t f A T sually estimate the value A T from the Zone boundaries AT zones are diagonal bands in Barry3 Zone boundaries are lines of constant AT (isoclines) Zones are actually independent of Barry-3 coordinates Animated demo: http://www. perfdynamics.com/ Tools/tools.html c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 28 / 34
you choose, they must add up to 100% for a Barry3 or Barry4 representation. c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 29 / 34
kinds of visualization paradigms besides the barycentric system that I’ve shown you today [4, 5, 6]. Remember ... Vendors avoid investing in development if they don’t see a demand, whilst performance analysts and capacity planners don’t demand what they have not conceived. Hopefully, this talk has helped you to conceive of what Oracle Corporation could be providing for performance visualization. If you have some ideas, consider presenting them at CMG 2008 in the PerfViz track [6] (I’m the Session Chair ). c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 30 / 34
PerfViz Hard? 2 Role Models 1960 to 1980 1980 to 2000 Century 21 3 Barycentric View Revisiting the Goal Some Facts About Triangles 4 Applications Multiprocessor Visualization Network Visualization Response Time Visualization ORACLE Visualization 5 Postscript c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 31 / 34
someone” at Hotsos08. In fact, several people came up to me after I gave this presentation with suggestions for applying PerfViz concepts to Oracle data. Two that seemed very noteworthy were: Tanel P˜ oder (Independent) has ideas about applying a Barry3 or Barry4 representation to data from the Oracle Wait interface. Marco Gralike (Amis, NL) is interested in finding performance visualizations for document transformations between SQL and XML. If we’re lucky, you might see some of these developments at Hotsos 2009. c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 32 / 34
Reference, Oxford. Univ. Press, 1999 E. R. Tufte, The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, Graphics Press, 1983 J. W. Tukey, Graphics 1965–1985, In W. S. Cleveland, editor, The Collected Works of John W. Tukey, Vol. V, Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove, California, 1988 N. J. Gunther and M. F. Jauvin, “Seeing It All at Once with Barry,” CMG Intl. Conf., San Diego, California, Dec. 2007 (http://www.perfdynamics.com/Papers/barry007.pdf) P. McMahon and J. A. Martin. “Death To Dashboards And Other Thoughts On Data Visualization,” CMG Intl. Conf., San Diego, California, Dec. 2007 c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 33 / 34
Papers,” (http://perfdynamics.blogspot.com/2007/12/ cmg-2008-call-for-perfviz-papers.html) F. Werblin and B. Roska, “The Movies in Our Eyes,” Scientific American, April 2007 (http://www.sciamdigital.com/index.cfm?fa=Products. ViewIssuePreview&ARTICLEID CHAR= 335A7BD5-2B35-221B-68F3D42B56283016) J. K. Keller, “Volumetric Redundancies,” (http://www.c71123.com/visualizations/more-visualizations/) Digg Labs, Swarm (for Digg blogs), (http://labs.digg.com/swarm/) J. Hawkins and S. Blakeslee, On Intelligence, Owl Books, 2004 c 2008 Performance Dynamics Better Visualization Tools April 1, 2008 34 / 34