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Architect(ure) as Enabler of Organization’s Sustainable Flow of Change

Architect(ure) as Enabler of Organization’s Sustainable Flow of Change

Architecture is an unavoidable element of any tech-enabled organization. As Grady Booch says: "every software-intensive system has an architecture. In some cases that architecture is intentional, while in others it is accidental. Most of the times it is both". Furthermore, organizations are complex sociotechnical systems: teams ("Who) that listen and respond to "What" their environment and customers need by building tech-enabled products ("How")). These elements are continuously changing, so we must evolve and adapt how we approach architecture in our teams and across the organization. This is particularly important in modern product organizations that want to support a sustainable "fast flow of change" to respond continuously to their customers and environment.

In this talk, I motivate the need to embrace this evolutionary approach to architecture, i.e., continuously evolve its "architecture topology" (https://esilva.net/tla_insights/architecture-topologies). To provide a robust formulation, I describe the organization as a network of related scopes (e.g., Teams, Products, Product Groups, Portfolios, etc.). These scopes scale the organization and its ability to evolve sustainably. Architecture happens in all these scopes and across them.

During the talk, I explore multiple architecture topologies and elements that evolve and mature them, for example: how to position architects and/or people doing architecture, how it enables decision-making, how it supports learning & flow of change, etc. I also discuss challenges typically found in each architecture topology (which tend to be the bottlenecks we must address by evolving to another topology). Then, I share strategies we can use to evolve the architecture topology. For example, team topologies, developing a culture of trust, architecture as enabling team, coaching & support architects transitioning, advice process, etc. Per architecture topology, I also share first-hand real-world examples, particularly ones I have seen over the last five years working as Principal Tech Lead at bol.com (an organization that went through hyper-growth and required several evolutions of its architecture topology).

I end this talk by emphasizing the need to embrace the continuous evolution of our organizations, as their environments are also continuously changing. As such, our approaches and practices to architecture must also evolve. For this to happen, we must strive to shape structures that allow this evolution, namely a culture of trust and safety and one that embraces that the organization is an open system.

ℹ️ For more info, check: https://esilva.net

Eduardo da Silva

November 02, 2022
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  1. Architect(ure) as Enabler of
    Organization’s Sustainable
    Flow of Change
    Eduardo da Silva, PhD (esilva.net | @emgsilva | [email protected])
    Kandddinsky 2022, 31/10/2022

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  3. 3
    Inspired by: Reflections: Sociotechnical Systems Design and Organization Change

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  4. 4
    Cope with this by stretching social
    systems => which leads to messy
    social and technical systems…
    Inspired by: Reflections: Sociotechnical Systems Design and Organization Change

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  5. 5
    Photo by Quino Al on Unsplash
    Leading to continuous “fight” against the environment
    (external & internal)

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  6. 🏢 These old org structures don’t cut it anymore…they
    limit the dynamics & velocity that modern orgs need for
    people to do their best (Knowledge) work
    6
    Photo by Cole Patrick on Unsplash

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  7. ◌ Acknowledge that orgs are “Open System” -
    continuously affected by their environment, and
    affecting it back
    7
    Photo by Ronaldo de Oliveira on Unsplash

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  8. 8
    💡Creating structure that allow org to respond to
    changes in the environment, and to learn & adapt as
    needed! (sustainable flow of change)
    Photo by Ronaldo de Oliveira on Unsplash

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  9. SocioTechnical Systems Design & Evolution - Model
    9
    Sociotechnical Systems Evolution & Architecture, Eduardo da Silva

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  11. “every software-intensive
    system has an architecture.
    In some cases that
    architecture is intentional,
    while in others it is
    accidental. Most of the times
    it is both”
    –Grady Booch
    11
    [sociotechnical]

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  12. TL;DR: Approaches to
    architecture in
    teams. There are
    different forms &
    they change in time.
    12
    Architecture Topologies & Architecture as Enabling Team, Eduardo da Silva

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  13. A model for organizing architects & Architecture*
    Model to
    approach
    Architecture in
    teams.
    Originally
    introduced in
    Stefan Toth’s
    book on software
    architecture
    13
    *Would you like architects with your architecture? | images credits: Gregor Hohpe

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  14. Evolution Pattern: Shift Right
    14
    ● Typical progression in most orgs (need time to evolve)
    ● Progression depends on “architectural & team/org maturity”

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  15. Evolution Pattern: Bounce Back
    15
    ● May happen if teams have issues approaching architecture
    ● Focus should be: create conditions to get back to model #2

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  16. 16
    Photo by Alina Grubnyak on Unsplash
    ❓What about Architecture & Decisions across teams
    and the organization?

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  17. 17
    Photo by Alina Grubnyak on Unsplash
    ⚠ org is a network of teams and scopes. Looking at
    “team scope” architecture in isolation is not enough!

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  18. 18
    Photo by Alina Grubnyak on Unsplash
    ⚙ common Reductionist Approach: Overfocus on just
    “Team Autonomy”… forgetting teams exist in a network
    that form the organization

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  19. 19
    Photo by Alina Grubnyak on Unsplash
    💡 Alternative framing: embrace org as a complex
    adaptive system, which is defined by all its teams and
    their interactions ➡ “Purposeful Autonomy”

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  20. “A system is more than the
    sum of its parts… It loses
    its essential properties
    when it is taken apart…“
    Russell Ackoff
    20
    On Systems Thinking, Russell Ackoff

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  21. 21
    Scopes of Architecture & Leadership across the Org
    credits: Technical Leadership, Ruth Malan

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  22. How can we model those different scopes in an
    organization?
    22

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  23. Example: Product-centric Organization
    ● Team scope is just one
    scope, a sub-system in a
    Product scope
    ● Product Group scope tends
    to be a way to scale
    related product (scopes)
    23
    Product Taxonomy, Ross Clanton, Amy Walters, Jason Zubrick, Pat Birkeland, Mik Kersten, Alan Nance, and Anders Wallgren

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  24. 24
    Photo by Alina Grubnyak on Unsplash
    🎯 enable architecture across all the organizations
    “Scopes” so that the overall system (org and its products)
    can best achieve its purpose & goals

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  26. 26

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  27. 27
    ● Focus on “product” scope &
    its sub-scopes (teams)
    ● These ideas can be similarly
    applied to other scopes (to
    scale, align purpose &
    decision making in the whole
    org)

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  28. 0: No Architect(ure)
    (❌“Implicit” Architecture)
    28
    Photo by Martijn Baudoin on Unsplash

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  29. 29

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  30. 30

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  31. Architect Elevator
    “In addition to making technical
    decisions, architects can help change
    the organization's structure and
    processes to support this transition.”
    Connect-dots: “...architects need to
    take the express elevator from the
    engine room to the penthouse, where
    business strategy resides.”
    31

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  32. 1: Scope Architect & Team Scope Boundaries
    (❗“Architect decides, team executes”)
    32
    Photo by Matthew Henry on Unsplash

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  33. 33

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  34. 34

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  35. 2: Scope Enabling Architect & Teams Architects
    (✅“Architect in surrounding scope”+“Architect in team”)
    35
    Photo by Jezael Melgoza on Unsplash

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  36. 36

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  37. 37

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  38. 38

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  39. 39
    The Advice Process
    https://martinfowler.com/articles/scaling-architecture-conversationally.html

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  40. 40
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law
    40

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  41. 41
    41
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law

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  42. 42
    42
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law

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  43. 43
    43
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law

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  44. 44
    44
    Inspired on:
    Reinventing
    Organizations book,
    by Frederic Laloux
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law

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  45. 45
    45
    Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law

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  46. 46
    “What worries you about the Advice Process?”
    Credits: DDD EU
    2022 Keynote,
    Andrew
    Harmel-Law, Diana
    Montalion, Mike
    Rozinsky,
    Gayathri
    Thiyagarajan and
    Dan Young

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  47. 47
    “How confident are you in the advice process?”
    Credits: DDD EU
    2022 Keynote,
    Andrew
    Harmel-Law, Diana
    Montalion, Mike
    Rozinsky,
    Gayathri
    Thiyagarajan and
    Dan Young

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  48. 48
    “An idea to make us more confident in this process”
    Credits: DDD EU
    2022 Keynote,
    Andrew
    Harmel-Law, Diana
    Montalion, Mike
    Rozinsky,
    Gayathri
    Thiyagarajan and
    Dan Young

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  49. 3: Anybody Architecture
    (✅✅Architecture without (almost no) Architects)
    49
    Photo by Hannah Busing on Unsplash

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  50. 50

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  51. 51

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  52. Thank you!
    Eduardo da Silva, PhD
    Independent consultant on enabling sociotech leadership & systems evolution
    # @emgsilva | esilva.net | [email protected]
    󰗔 Architecture Topologies: github.com/emgsilva/architecture-topologies
    💡 “companion article” of this talk coming soon on esilva.net
    52

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  53. 📚 References
    ● Architecture Topologies & Architecture as Enabling Team, Eduardo da Silva
    ● Would you like architects with your architecture?, Gregor Hohpe
    ● Less is More with Minimalist Architecture, Ruth Malan and Dana Bredemeyer
    ● Team Topologies, Matthew Skelton and Manuel Pais
    ● Sociotechnical Systems Evolution & Architecture, Eduardo da Silva
    ● On Systems Thinking, Russell Ackoff (analysis by Eduardo da Silva)
    ● Scaling the Practice of Architecture, Conversationally, Andrew Harmel-Law
    ● Reinventing Organizations, Frederic Laloux
    ● Advice Process Playbook, Equal Experts Consulting
    ● Accelerate, Nicole Forsgren, Jez Humble, Gene Kim
    53

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