Graph data with Neo4J PHP & Neoxygen

An introduction to installing Neo4j and how to run basic queries against it. How to use Neoxygen to create a PHP connection and send Cypher queries to the database.

1. Graph DATA and PHP
NEO4J and NEOXYGEN


For PHP Belfast - April 23rd 2015

2. TRADITIONAL DB

Traditional databases conform to rigid rows & column structures.
Join data through intermediary tables
Graphs can exist - but complex and messy (and slow to query)

3. GRAPH DB?

So is a Graph DB a bar chart ;line chart or pice chart.
of course - it's not a graph in that traditional sense

4. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA?

Common examples of Graphs that we all can recognise are
Twitter and Facebooks graphs.
Graph DBs lend themselves very well to social data, because Graphs
depend on relationships.

5. START WITH A NODE

Start with a simple node - one objec with a few properties

6. ADD MORE NODES

We can add more and mroe nodes
BUT they're still just float unrelated

7. ADD RELATIONSHIPS

We need to join nodes together through relationships -
indicated by lines or arrows.

8. ADD MORE NODES AND RELATIONSHIPS

As we add more nodes and more relationships,
the visualisation gets more and more busy

9. NODES Of THE SAME TYPE CAN STORE DIFFERENT INFORMATION

A big advantage over traditional RDBS is that two nodes of the same
basic type can store castly different properties.

10. RELATIONSHIPS HAVE 
METADATA TOO

Even the relationships can have properties, to tell us more
about the nature of the relationship

11. Introducing Neo4J
The Most common GraphDB is Neo4J

12. Installing Neo4J
Installation is easy
visit http://neo4j.com/download/ and
download the community edition

13. Java SDK v1.7+ required
Need to install Java SDK on a Mac
NOT the Java Runtime - download from
http://oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads

14. Set the Java Path
Update your path so that terminal uses the new Java SDK
$ export JAVA_HOME = `/usr/libexec/java_home -v 'v1.7*'`
change command according to version downloaded

15. Start the Neo4J Server
Start the server form the command line
Inside the directory you unpacked neo4j in type
$ ./bin/neo4j start

16. The Neo4J local browser interface
http://localhost:7474
Lots of great examples in there
You can save you favourite queries

17. Security - connection
By default the server only listens on localhost.
You can set a specific IP address in conf/neo4j-server.properties

18. Security - Authorisation
Default username/password is neo4j/neo4j
Passwords stored in data/dbms.auth as SHA-256
You can turn off the authorisation requirement - but dont do that.

19. SO... How do we query a Graph DB?

20. Cypher is the Neo4J Query Language
CREATE() - makes a new node
CREATE(bruce:Person)

21. Create a Node with properties
CREATE (bruce:Person { name: 'Bruce Wayne' , alterego : 'Batman' })

22. CREATE() a Relationship
Relationships are shown in Square Bracket notation [].
CREATE (a)-[:LIVES_IN]->(b)

23. MATCH() is used to find nodes
MATCH(p:Person) Return p
MATCH (p:Person)-[:ENEMY_OF]->(joker) RETURN p

24. Match with Criteria
MATCH(p:Person {name: 'Bruce'}) RETURN p
MATCH (p:Person)-[:ENEMY_OF]->(joker) RETURN p

25. Using PHP to Query the Graph

26 Enter Neoxygen
Install using composer - Yay!

27. Simple instantiation
create the client builder
setAutoFormatResponse to true

28. Some Neoxygen Basics
Send a query to the server
->sendCypherQuery($query)

29. What return options are there?
$response->getResult()
$response->getRows()
$client->getResponse()

30. Get a list of nodes
$result->getNodess()
$result->getSingleNode()
$nodeProperties = $node->getProperties()
$node->getProperty();

31. Get Relationships
$node->getRelationships('ENEMY_OF')

32. Use Parameters in Queries
MATCH(p:Person {name: { name } } ) RETURN p
->sendCypherQuery($query, array('placeholder' => $value ));

33. Simple Query to delete everything

34. Some Useful Links
http://localhost:7474 - start with the examples

NEO4J Documentation
http://neo4j.com/developer/get-started/

Gists
http://gist.neo4j.org/?6029850

Cypher Cheat Sheet
http://assets.neo4j.org/download/Neo4j_CheatSheet_v3.pdf

35. Some Useful Books

http://neo4j.com/books/
O'Reilly - Graph Databases
PACKT - Learning Neo4j

Transcript

1. GRAPH DATA AND PHP NEO4J and NEOXYGEN
 
 
 For PHP Belfast - April 23rd 2015
2. TRADITIONAL DB ID NAME CITY 1 Albert London 2 Bernard New York 3 Charlotte Paris 4 Daniel London
3. GRAPH DB? 0 25 50 75 100 April May June July 0 25 50 75 100 April May June July
4. GRAPH DB? 0 25 50 75 100 April May June July 0 25 50 75 100 April May June July NO….
5. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA?
6. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA? Facebook Open Graph
7. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA? Facebook Open Graph Twitter Firehose
8. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA? Facebook Open Graph Twitter Firehose Big Data (buzzword alert!)
9. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA? Facebook Open Graph Twitter Firehose Big Data (buzzword alert!) Ideal for “Social” Media
10. WHAT IS GRAPH DATA? Facebook Open Graph Twitter Firehose Big Data (buzzword alert!) Ideal for “Social” Media NODES and RELATIONSHIPS
11. START WITH A NODE BATMAN
12. START WITH A NODE BATMAN (batman:Person)
13. START WITH A NODE BATMAN (batman:Person) (batman:Superhero)
14. START WITH A NODE BATMAN (batman:Person) (batman:Superhero) (batman:Person {name:’Batman’, realname:’Bruce Wayne’, superpower:’Money’})
15. ADD MORE NODES BATMAN JOKER ALFRED JIM 
 GORDON PENGUIN
16. ADD RELATIONSHIPS BATMAN JOKER ALFRED JIM 
 GORDON PENGUIN enemy enem y Friend Friend
17. ADD MORE NODES AND RELATIONSHIPS
18. NODES OF THE SAME TYPE CAN STORE DIFFERENT INFORMATION Batman Spiderman (batman:Superhero {
 realname: Bruce Wayne
 Lives: Gotham City
 Net Worth: $100billion} ) ( spiderman: Superhero {
 realname: Peter Parker meta_human: Yes climb_walls: Yes cape: No Hobbies: Photography} )
19. RELATIONSHIPS HAVE 
 METADATA TOO Batman (batman:Person) ( robin: Person) Robin [Friend_Of {role: ‘Sidekick’}]
21. Installation http://neo4j.com/download/
22. Java SDK 1.7+ reqd. http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/
23. Java SDK 1.7+ reqd. Update your path to use the new Java SDK
24. Start the Neo4J Database
25. Test the web interface http://localhost:7474
26. SECURITY - CONNECTION file: conf/neo4j-server.properties #  http  port  (for  all  data,  administrative,  and  UI  access)   org.neo4j.server.webserver.port=7474   #let  the  webserver  only  listen  on  the  specified  IP.  Default   #is  localhost  (only  accept  local  connections).  Uncomment  to  allow   #any  connection.   org.neo4j.server.webserver.address=0.0.0.0   http://neo4j.com/docs/stable/security-server.html Be Security Aware: Never switch off IP filter in production
27. SECURITY - AUTHORISATION file: data/dbms/auth neo4j:SHA-­‐256,ABCDEFGH…… http://neo4j.com/docs/stable/security-server.html #  Require  (or  disable  the  requirement  of)  auth  to  access  Neo4j   dbms.security.auth_enabled=false file: conf/neo4j-server.properties Be Security Aware: Never switch off auth in production
28. QUESTION TIME How do we Query an Neo4J Database?
29. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
30. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Node
31. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Node CREATE(objname:ObjectType)
32. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Node CREATE(objname:ObjectType) CREATE(bruce:Person)
33. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
34. CREATE()…. A Node with extra properties CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
35. CREATE()…. A Node with extra properties CREATE(objname:ObjectType  {propertyname:  “Property  Value”}) CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
36. CREATE()…. A Node with extra properties CREATE(objname:ObjectType  {propertyname:  “Property  Value”}) CREATE(bruce:Person  {realname:“Bruce  Wayne”,  alterego:  “Batman”}) CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
37. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
38. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Relationship between nodes
39. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Relationship between nodes CREATE(object1)-­‐[:REL_TYPE  {propertykey:PropertyVal}]-­‐>(object2)
40. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE CREATE()…. A Relationship between nodes CREATE(object1)-­‐[:REL_TYPE  {propertykey:PropertyVal}]-­‐>(object2) CREATE(joker)-­‐[:DANCES  {where:  “In  the  pale  moonlight”}]-­‐>(the_devil)
41. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
42. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find entities in the graph
43. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find entities in the graph MATCH(object1)    RETURN  object1
44. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find entities in the graph MATCH(object1)    RETURN  object1 Find everything
45. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find entities in the graph MATCH(object1)    RETURN  object1 MATCH(n)  RETURN  n     Find everything
46. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE
47. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find with criteria
48. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find with criteria MATCH(object1:Label  {criteria:Description}  )    RETURN  object1
49. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find with criteria MATCH(object1:Label  {criteria:Description}  )    RETURN  object1 Find everything
50. CYPHER - THE NEO4J QUERY LANGUAGE MATCH()…. Find with criteria MATCH(object1:Label  {criteria:Description}  )    RETURN  object1 MATCH(bruce:Person  {realname:”Bruce  Wayne”})  RETURN  bruce     Find everything
51. QUERY via PHP
52. NEOXYGEN composer.json 1  {   2      "require":  {   3          "neoxygen/neoclient":"~2.1"   4      }   5  } https://github.com/neoxygen/neo4j-neoclient
53.  use  Neoxygen\NeoClient\ClientBuilder;        $client  =  ClientBuilder::create()            -­‐>addConnection('default',  'http',  'localhost',  7474)
          -­‐>setAutoFormatResponse(true)            -­‐>build();   NEOXYGEN
54.  //  use  the  client  to  send  a  query        $query  =  “MATCH(n)  RETURN  (n)”;    $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query);   NEOXYGEN - BASICS  //  use  the  client  to  send  a  query  &  grab  the  result        $query  =  “MATCH(n)  RETURN  (n)”;    $result  =  $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query)-­‐>getResult();  
55.  //  use  the  client  to  send  a  query        $query  =  “MATCH(n)  RETURN  (n)”;        $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query)-­‐>getResult();        //  OR    $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query)-­‐>getRows();        //  OR    $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query);    $client-­‐>getResponse(); NEOXYGEN - RETURN OPTIONS
56.  //  return  an  array  of  nodes        $query  =  “MATCH(p:Person)  RETURN  (p)  LIMIT  10”;    $result  =  $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query)-­‐>getResult();    $arrayOfNodes  =  $result-­‐>getNodes();    foreach  ($arrayOfNodes  as  $node  )  {        $nodeProperties  =  $node-­‐>getProperties();    }   NEOXYGEN - Get Nodes
57.  //  get  relationships  of  a  node        $query  =  “MATCH(p:Person  {type:‘Superhero’})  RETURN  (p)”;    $result  =  $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query)-­‐>getResult();    $heros  =  $result-­‐>getNodes();    foreach  ($heros  as  $hero  )  {        $enemies  =  $node-­‐>getRelationships(‘ENEMY_OF’);    }   NEOXYGEN - Get Relationships
58.  //  use  {parameter}  notation          $query  =  “MATCH(p:Person  {name:  {  personname  }                                                        type:  {  persontype  }                                                        })  RETURN  (p)”;    $result  =  $client-­‐>sendCyperQuery($query,  array(                                  ‘personname’=>  ‘Bruce  Wayne’,                                  ‘persontype’  =>  ‘Superhero’                                                                        ))                        -­‐>getResult();   NEOXYGEN - Using Parameters in Queries
59. Cypher - Delete Everything
 
 Find all nodes and relationships
 And delete them  MATCH  (n)    OPTIONAL  MATCH  (n)-­‐[r]-­‐()    DELETE  n,r  
60. RESOURCES http://gist.neo4j.org/?6029850 NEO4J Gists NEO4J Documentation http://neo4j.com/developer/get-started/ Localhost Examples http://localhost:7474 http://assets.neo4j.org/download/Neo4j_CheatSheet_v3.pdf Cypher Cheat Sheet
61. RESOURCES Free eBooks http://neo4j.com/books/