The road to becoming a successful cloud engineer

HOW TO BECOME A SUCCESSFUL CLOUD ENGINEER AND GET HIRED
© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. The road to becoming a successful cloud engineer Mohammed Fazalullah “Faz” Snr Developer Advocate, MENA Amazon Web Services

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. whoami >> Developer Advocate at AWS >> 18 years and counting, Backend engineer to Solutions Architect and Team lead >> Community builder @ASEAN and @MENA >> Mentoring in technical leadership and how to build a career in tech 2

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. In simpler times… A developer would design a basic UI and focus on the backend logic A DB architect would manage the schema A sys admin would manage the provisioning and maintenance of servers Developer Sys admin Architect

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Technology evolution Browsers are the new OS, internet the new delivery medium The rise of multiple programming languages, frameworks More compute options, Distributed systems over networks, Purpose- built databases Open-source tooling Virtualization and containerization Infrastructure democratization through cloud AI in everyday life becoming a reality

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Developers now Frontend developer Backend developer Full stack developer Cloud developer Low-code developer IT admin DevOps engineer InfoSec engineer Cloud engineer Platform engineer Data engineer Data scientist MLOps Engineer ML engineer Software architect Solutions architect Enterprise architect Cloud architect InfoSec architect

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Evolution of full stack developers HTML/CSS/JavaScript Interfacing with APIs User Experience Security Performance Server side code Building and Integrating APIs Architecture Security Performance Version Control Systems Build tools Containers Infrastructure automation Observability Cloud architecture Security Performance RDBMS NoSQL Scaling Security Performance

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Modern application requirements Performance Millisecond latency Scale Traffic spikes and peak usage Screens Hundreds of browsers, tablets, and devices Global Worldwide access Reliability Zero downtime Agility Speed to market Frameworks React, Angular, Vue, Next.js Operational overhead Avoid managing physical servers Economics Pay for usage User experience Feature-rich applications Security Highest standards for privacy and data security Ecommerce sites 1 Media streaming 2 Social media 3 Online gaming 4 Shared economy 5

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Cloud engineer? Some call them: • Site Reliability Engineer • Platform Engineer • Infrastructure Engineer • DevOps Engineer • Automation Engineer • Systems Engineer • Software Engineer 14 Photo by Brendan Church on Unsplash

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Job titles – More than what meets the eye • Nearly 9% classify themselves as a Cloud infrastructure engineer. • Developers are wearing multiple hats, majority considered themselves to be more than one type of developer - with DBAs, SREs, and Security professionals reporting the most variety. • On average each of these roles reported being seven other developer types. 16 https://survey.stackoverflow.co/2022/#overview

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. A cloud engineer builds with the cloud and solves problems related to scale in software systems on the cloud in a maintainable way. 20

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. The past is the future, choose boring • UNIX shell (1971) • SQL (1974) • Python (1991), Java (1995) • Kubernetes YAML (2014)? ”The longer a technology lives, the longer it can be expected to live.” - Nassim N. Taleb (way of Mandelbrot, aka Lindy effect) 25 Photo by Lukas on Unsplash

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. What makes up a typical application Code Code packages Operating system packages Runtime Applications aren’t just code, they have dependencies runs on…. that uses…. that depends on….

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. What does a container image look like? FROM dockerfile/ubuntu RUN \ add-apt-repository -y ppa:nginx/stable && \ apt-get update && \ apt-get install -y nginx && \ rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \ echo "\ndaemon off;" >> /etc/nginx/nginx.conf && \ chown -R www-data:www-data /var/lib/nginx VOLUME ["/etc/nginx/sites-enabled", "/etc/nginx/certs", "/etc/nginx/conf.d", "/var/log/nginx", "/var/www/html"] WORKDIR /etc/nginx CMD ["nginx"] EXPOSE 80 EXPOSE 443 Base Image nginx Storage volumes working directory Launch command Ports we want to open Base Image Image layer Image layer Image layer Container

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Cloud native Pay as you go Self service, low friction Globally distributed Immutable code deployments High utilisation – scale up, scale down, switch off

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Monoliths vs Microservices In monolithic applications, the teams, architecture, and interfaces tend to be more tightly coupled with their consumers, and standards managed within each team. In micro-services applications, the teams, architecture, and interfaces tend to be more loosely coupled with their consumers, and centralized standards managed across teams such that the interfaces are consistent.

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Infrastructure as code allows organizations to automate and manage resources consistently Roll back changes to a previous version as needed Share and enforce best practices more consistently Use version-controlled repositories to create single source of truth

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Amazon CodeWhisperer code generator Enterprise administrative controls, simple sign-up, and support for new languages Generates code recommendations based on the comments – and prior code - in your IDE Available in popular IDEs such as Visual Studio Code, JetBrains, AWS Cloud9, AWS Lambda console Supports Python, Java, JavaScript, C#, TypeScript Generates open source attribution documentation for you

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Parting thoughts Most fundamentals in the field have remained the same Don’t jump for everything new and ‘shiny’ - Prioritize Embrace the ambiguity Understand the value to the business on what you work

© 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Deepen your skills with digital learning on demand Access 500+ free digital courses and Learning Plans Earn an industry-recognized credential AWS Skill Builder AWS Certifications Explore resources with a variety of skill levels and 16+ languages to meet your learning needs Join the AWS Certified community and get exclusive benefits Receive Foundational, Associate, Professional, and Specialty certifications Train now Access new exam guides © 2022, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Learn in-demand AWS Cloud skills

The road to becoming a successful cloud engineer

The road to becoming a successful cloud engineer

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