Cljmuc: Clojure/Java interop

Clojure/Java interoperability talk from Clojure Munich User Group.

Transcript

1. s sdf Saturday, June 9, 12
2. Wo bist du? Saturday, June 9, 12
3. Disclaimer you can actually read everything I say myself on interwebs Saturday, June 9, 12
4. Disclaimer #2 one doesn’t come to Clojure to escape Java. Writing complex systems will require you to use strong sides of a complete infrastructure and have interoperability on all levels, within JVM and across the applications running on different platforms. kthxbai Saturday, June 9, 12
5. Disclaimer #3 Clojure won’t magically solve your concurrency problems STM is not panacea, and should be used with care and diligence. Although Clojure will teach you to compose things rather than build inheritance chains, avoid side effects and utilize maximum of lang core. It’s not Scala, so you can’t write your Java in Clojure. Saturday, June 9, 12
6. This talk is Saturday, June 9, 12
7. Let’s start! Saturday, June 9, 12
8. Clojure, Java sitting on the tree... Saturday, June 9, 12
9. KISSING! Don’t tell anyone tho! Saturday, June 9, 12
10. (lisp?) Wanna some? Saturday, June 9, 12
11. JVM sounds like a powerful platform, right? Saturday, June 9, 12
12. librariez! librariez! librariez! And luv <3 Saturday, June 9, 12
13. Yeah, but they all are written in Java :/ Saturday, June 9, 12
14. turns out that ... Saturday, June 9, 12
15. Saturday, June 9, 12
16. clojure luv for everyone Saturday, June 9, 12
17. (reify) (defrecord) (deftype) (proxy) (defprotocol) Saturday, June 9, 12
18. (->) (->>) (doto) (set!) (.) WTF?! Saturday, June 9, 12
19. (gen-class) type hints ... Saturday, June 9, 12
20. (-> java-lib to-clj) Saturday, June 9, 12
21. Hickey paradigms - prefer interface polymorphism over concrete inheritance - datatypes only expose their methods in protocols and interfaces - immutability is a preferred default (didn’t we want to make it happen in our Java code anyways?) - tying polymorphism to inheritance is bad (extending types with protocols help you to avoid it) - prefer composition over inheritance (but that’s more of a clojuric thing) Saturday, June 9, 12
22. Calling Java Code from Clojure Saturday, June 9, 12
23. Constructors (new Classname args*) (Classname. args*) Saturday, June 9, 12
24. Method calls (. frame setSize 300 300) = (.setSize frame 300 300) Saturday, June 9, 12
25. Method calls (.. System (getProperties) (get "os.name")) = (. (. System (getProperties)) (get "os.name")) = (-> (System/getProperties) (.get "os.name")) Saturday, June 9, 12
26. Setters (let [mo (MongoOptions.)] (set! (. mo maxWaitTime) max-wait-time) (set! (. mo connectTimeout) connect-timeout) (set! (. mo socketTimeout) socket-timeout) (set! (. mo socketKeepAlive) socket-keep-alive)) Saturday, June 9, 12
27. Helper methods (instance? String "stringie") true (type "stringie") java.lang.String Saturday, June 9, 12
28. Type Hints (ns monger.core (:import [com.mongodb Mongo DB])) (defn ^DB get-db ([^String name] (.getDB *mongodb-connection* name)) ([^Mongo connection, ^String name] (.getDB connection name))) Saturday, June 9, 12
29. Coercions clj primitive types will be coerced to corresponding java types in runtime Saturday, June 9, 12
30. Calling Java from Clojure Saturday, June 9, 12
31. (.) (doto) Saturday, June 9, 12
32. (let [synth (. MidiSystem getSynthesizer) channel (first (. synth getChannels)) frame (JFrame. "Music Frame")] (. frame setSize 300 300) (. frame setDefaultCloseOperation JFrame/EXIT_ON_CLOSE) (. frame addKeyListener (proxy [KeyListener] [] (keyPressed [e] (. channel noteOn (int (.getKeyChar e)) 64)) (keyReleased [e] (. channel noteOff (int (.getKeyChar e)))) (keyTyped [e]))) (. frame setVisible true)) Saturday, June 9, 12
33. Getting rid of (. frame) Saturday, June 9, 12
34. (doto x & forms) Evaluates x then calls all of the methods and functions with the value of x supplied at the front of the given arguments. The forms are evaluated in order. Returns x. Saturday, June 9, 12
35. (doto frame (. setSize 300 300) (. setDefaultCloseOperation JFrame/EXIT_ON_CLOSE) (. addKeyListener (proxy [KeyListener] [] (keyPressed [e] (. channel noteOn (int (.getKeyChar e)) 64)) (keyReleased [e] (. channel noteOff (int (.getKeyChar e)))) (keyTyped [e]))) (. setVisible true)) Saturday, June 9, 12
36. (->) Threads the expr through the forms. Inserts x as the second item in the first form, making a list of it if it is not a list already. If there are more forms, inserts the first form as the second item in second form, etc. Saturday, June 9, 12
37. ;; clj-http (def request (-> #'core/request wrap-redirects wrap-exceptions wrap-decompression wrap-input-coercion wrap-output-coercion wrap-query-params wrap-basic-auth wrap-accept wrap-accept-encoding wrap-content-type wrap-method wrap-url)) Saturday, June 9, 12
38. (->>) Threads the expr through the forms. Inserts x as the last item in the first form, making a list of it if it is not a list already. If there are more forms, inserts the first form as the last item in second form, etc. (basically, same thing as -> just backwards) Saturday, June 9, 12
39. ;; refheap (defn preview "Get the first 5 lines of a string." [s] (->> s StringReader. io/reader line-seq (take 5) (string/join "\n"))) Saturday, June 9, 12
40. (proxy) Expands to code which creates a instance of a proxy class that implements the named class/interface(s) by calling the supplied fns. A single class, if provided, must be first. If not provided it defaults to Object. Saturday, June 9, 12
41. proxy - extending existing base class - clojure -> java interop - anonymous type is enough (no need in named type) Saturday, June 9, 12
42. package java.io; public abstract class InputStream implements Closeable { public abstract int read() throws IOException; public int read(byte b[]) throws IOException { return read(b, 0, b.length); } public int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException { // ... return i; } // ... } java Saturday, June 9, 12
43. (io/copy (proxy [InputStream] [] (read [buffer] (let [bytes (.read stream buffer)] (update-file file-upload-id :uploaded-size bytes) bytes))) temp-file) clojure Saturday, June 9, 12
44. (reify) Defines both an anonymous type and creates an instance of that type. The use case is where you need a one-off implementation of one or more protocols or interfaces and would like to take advantage of the local context. In this respect it is use case similar to proxy, or anonymous inner classes in Java. Saturday, June 9, 12
45. reify - clojure -> java interop - anonymous type is enough (no need in named type) - preferred, unless semantics force you to use proxy - only protocols and interfaces supported, no concrete superclass - method bodies real fns of resulting class, not external fns - invocation is direct, without map lookup - no support for dynamic method swapping - better performance - returns instance of implementation Saturday, June 9, 12
46. package com.rabbitmq.client; import java.io.IOException; public interface ReturnListener { void handleReturn(int replyCode, String replyText, String exchange, String routingKey, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException; } java Saturday, June 9, 12
47. (defn return-listener [^clojure.lang.IFn handler-fn] (reify ReturnListener (handleReturn [this, reply-code, reply-text, exchange, routing-key, properties, body] (handler-fn reply-code, reply-text, exchange, routing-key, properties, (String. ^bytes body))))) clojure Saturday, June 9, 12
48. (defrecord) Dynamically generates compiled bytecode for class with the given name, in a package with the same name as the current namespace, the given fields, and, optionally, methods for protocols and/or interfaces. Saturday, June 9, 12
49. defrecord - value-based equality and hash code - complete implementation of IPersistentMap - faster version of Map Saturday, June 9, 12
50. lolbenchmark (defrecord RecordExample [field-1 field-2 field-3 field-4]) (let [rec (RecordExample. "field-1-value" "field-2-value" "field-3-value" "field-4-value")] (time (dotimes [n 100000000] (:field-1 rec)))) ;; Elapsed time: 228.128 msecs (let [map {:field-1 "field-1-value" :field-2 "field-2-value" :field-3 "field-3-value" :field-4 "field-4-value" }] (time (dotimes [n 100000000] (:field-1 map)))) ;; Elapsed time: 569.158 msecs Saturday, June 9, 12
51. defrecord-based polymorphism* (defrecord BasicWelleCache [^String bucket ^String content-type ^Integer w]) (extend-protocol cache/CacheProtocol BasicWelleCache (lookup [c k] (:value (kv/fetch-one (.bucket c) k))) (has? [c k] (not (empty? (kv/fetch (.bucket c) k :head-only true)))) (hit [this k] this) (miss [c k v] (kv/store (.bucket c) k v :content-type (.content-type c) :w (.w c)) c) (evict [c k] (kv/delete (.bucket c) k :w (.w c)) c) (seed [c m] (doseq [[k v] m] (kv/store (.bucket c) k v :content-type (.content-type c) :w (.w c))) c)) * yes, this is polymorphism, as you can declare another record and extend CacheProtocol with it. Here we go, polymorphism FTW! Saturday, June 9, 12
52. (deftype) Dynamically generates compiled bytecode for class with the given name, in a package with the same name as the current namespace, the given fields, and, optionally, methods for protocols and/or interfaces. Saturday, June 9, 12
53. ;; momentum-clj (deftype Connection [queue upstream cached] clojure.lang.Seqable (seq [this] (concat @(.cached this) (received this))) clojure.lang.IFn (invoke [this evt val] ((.upstream this) evt val))) Saturday, June 9, 12
54. deftype - suitable for java -> clojure interop - need to be AOT compiled - generates named class (real thing) - fields can have type hints - can implement one or more protocols/interfaces - supports mutable fields - no functionality specified by user, only constructor Saturday, June 9, 12
55. Protocols - dynamic polymorphism - specification-only - single type implements multiple protocols - cover most of multimethod cases, while giving a better abstraction - allowing independent extension of types Saturday, June 9, 12
56. Protocols Saturday, June 9, 12
57. (defprotocol VcrStore (record-request! [store key value] "") (get-request [store key] "") (get-all [store] "") (request-recorded? [store key] "") (clear-recorded! [store])) Saturday, June 9, 12
58. (deftype VcrMemoryStore [store-map] VcrStore (record-request! [_ options response] (clojure.core/swap! store-map assoc options response)) (get-request [_ key] (clojure.core/get @store-map key)) (request-recorded? [_ options] (some #(= options %) (keys @store-map))) (clear-recorded! [_] (reset! store-map {})) Saturday, June 9, 12
59. (deftype VcrFileStore [store-map] VcrStore (record-request! [_ options response] ...) (get-request [_ key] ...) (request-recorded? [_ options] ...) (clear-recorded! [_] ...) Saturday, June 9, 12
60. (defn default-get-all [s] ...) (extend-type VcrMemoryStore [store-map] VcrStore {:get-all default-get-all) (extend-type VcrFileStore [store-map] VcrStore {:get-all default-get-all) Saturday, June 9, 12
61. (gen-class) When compiling, generates compiled bytecode for a class with the given package-qualified :name (which, as all names in these parameters, can be a string or symbol), and writes the .class file to the *compile-path* directory. Saturday, June 9, 12
62. ;; ./project.clj (defproject interop "1.0.0-SNAPSHOT" :description "Clojure-Java interoperability examples" :dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.3.0"]] :java-source-paths ["src/java"] :source-paths ["src/clojure"] :aot [interop.cljinterop] :main com.ifesdjeen.interop.Caller) Saturday, June 9, 12
63. ;; ./src/clojure/interop.clj (ns interop.cljinterop) (gen-class :name interop.cljinterop.SampleClass :prefix sample-class-) (defn sample-class-toString [this] "Hello, World!!!") Saturday, June 9, 12
64. // ./src/java/interop/Caller.java package com.ifesdjeen.interop; import interop.cljinterop.SampleClass; public class Caller { public static void main(String[] args) { SampleClass sample = new SampleClass(); System.out.println(sample.toString()); } } Saturday, June 9, 12
65. Clojurewerkz World of feature-complete clojuric documented tested maintained libraries Saturday, June 9, 12
66. Monger MongoDB client for a more civilized age: friendly, flexible and with batteries included https://github.com/michaelklishin/monger http://clojuremongodb.info/ Saturday, June 9, 12
67. Langohr Feature-rich Clojure RabbitMQ client that embraces AMQP 0.9.1 Model https://github.com/michaelklishin/langohr Saturday, June 9, 12
68. Welle An expressive Clojure client for Riak https://github.com/michaelklishin/welle http://clojureriak.info/ Saturday, June 9, 12
69. Neocons A feature rich idiomatic Clojure client for the Neo4J REST API https://github.com/michaelklishin/neocons http://clojureneo4j.info/ Saturday, June 9, 12
70. Elastisch Clojure client for ElasticSearch https://github.com/clojurewerkz/elastisch Saturday, June 9, 12
71. Quartzite* A powerful scheduling library for Clojure https://github.com/michaelklishin/quartzite http://clojurequartz.info/ *now comes with Quartz-Mongodb and Quartzite-REST Saturday, June 9, 12
72. urly pantomime validateur mailer money clj-vcr support romulan crawlista spyglass kreissage Saturday, June 9, 12
73. @michaelklishin @ifesdjeen @clojurewerkz http://clojurewerkz.org Saturday, June 9, 12
74. What to read https://groups.google.com/group/clojure/msg/330c230e8dc857a9 http://clojure.org/datatypes http://clojure.org/java_interop Saturday, June 9, 12
75. Saturday, June 9, 12
76. ifesdjeen ifesdjeen Saturday, June 9, 12