that connect experts with novices and other experts. A type of analysis (lens) that uses social networks that model the distribution of expertise in a domain and make explicit the level of expertise of the actors with respect to that domain Novice(s) Expert(s) Intermediate(s)
problem of how to allocate ‘given’ resources – if ‘given’ is taken to mean given to a single mind … It is rather a problem of how to secure the best use of resources known to any of the members of society … a problem of the utilization of knowledge which is not given to anyone in its totality.” Hayek, The Use of Knowledge in Society, American Economic Review, No 35 (September, 1945) pp. 1 – 18
excellence and practical wisdom, and when they meet together, just as they become in a manner one man, who has many feet, and hands, and senses, so too with regard to their character and thought..” Aristotle, Fourth Century BC, Politics
about the potential of harnessing a technological and social nervous system to improve the collective IQ of our various organizations. What if, suddenly, in an evolutionary sense, we evolved a super new nervous system to upgrade our collective social organisms? Then I dreamed that we got strategic and began to form cooperative alliances of organizations, employing advanced networked computer tools and methods to develop and apply new collective knowledge. I called these alliances Networked Improvement Communities (NICs). ... from “The Engelbart Hypothesis: Dialogs with Douglas Engelbart” by Valerie Landau and Eileen Clegg in conversation with Douglas C. Engelbart
explore the use of “personal pages” (a corporate yellow pages of experts) as an aid for locating expertise across the Firm • A small group (partners and associates) formed the core of this exercise The Study • Shah, Lam, Alleyne, 2004, “Development of an Expertise Location System for a Large Canadian Law Firm” • available from: http://www.kmdi.org/graduate/students/documents/Expertise%2 0Location%20in%20a%20Law%20Firm.pdf Case I: A Large Law Firm
networks appear to operate in stratified layers within the Firm (year of call to the bar) • Social networks / connections facilitate expertise location • The best expert is not always the one contacted • Technology support for expertise location varies from – broadcast emails, to – use of bios Case I: A Large Law Firm - Findings
use of health human capital (expertise) Effective, efficient, economical Reduce fragmentation and lower costs (Retchin, 2008) Several (overlapping) terms used in the health care literature Case II: Inter-Professional Care / Education (IPC/IPE) • Inter-professional • Collaborative • Interdisciplinary, • Trans-disciplinary • Multidisciplinary, • Multi-professional • Coordinated • Transprofessional
work with each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care. As Derived From: "Inter-professional Education occurs when two or more professions learn with, from and about each other to improve collaboration and the quality of care" CAIPE uses the term "inter-professional education" (IPE) to include all such learning in academic and work based settings before and after qualification, adopting an inclusive view of "professional".(CAIPE, 2002)
(interdisciplinary work, which is done jointly by researchers in different disciplines) multi‐ (working independently toward a common goal) (multidisciplinary work – parallel or sequential (but still independent) work from researchers in different disciplines) Think also about group or individual decision making (Retchin, 2008)
of expertise networking Experts in IPE/IPC cross disciplinary boundaries Removing / transcending traditional cultural and organizational barriers appear to be a challenge (*ref) Case II: IPC/IPE – Preliminary Findings
and locating experts and expertise • The sharing of knowledge, wisdom, and experience. • Access to hidden or tacit knowledge resources. • The improved networking of a firm’s intellectual (and human) capital assets. • An important channel for the acquisition, sharing, trading and distribution of knowledge – Also … leads to optimization • When optimized – should pay dividends for an organization – Goes beyond general repository-based approaches to knowledge management
knowledge translation (from research to practice) • Collaboration, coordination and communication • Informatics Support – Shared record keeping – the electronic record (necessary but not sufficient) – E-learning, e-cases – Social / Knowledge Media – Modeling and simulation / case based – virtual worlds? Gaming? – Directories Opportunities
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