An overview of Go based on geth (ethereum client)

੉؊ܻ਑(FUI  ௿ۄ੉঱౟௏٘۽੉೧ೞח(P ઑ਋૓ KXK!HNBJMDPN

࠶۾୓ੋѐ䠺ੜށۄب (PMBOH୊਺੉ۄب ੉؊ܻ਑ҕधҳഅ୓ (FUI௏੍٘যࠁӝ

• ੷ܳ рױ൤ ࣗѐ೤פ׮. • ۄ੉࠳ ࢲ࠺झ ࢲߡѐߊೞҊ ੓যਃ. •
੍Ҋ ੿ܻೞח Ѫਸ જই೤פ׮. • Ӓ ؋࠙ী Angular ୐Ѧ਺੉ۆ ଼ب ोणפ׮. • ӝࣿ੸ੋ ஏݶীࢲ ࠶۾୓ੋ ী ҙब੉ ݆णפ׮.

Ӓېࢲࠁӝद੘೮णפ׮ ӒܻҊӖ۽թѹࠁওणפ׮ http://www.notforme.kr/block-chain/geth-code-reading

http://www.usv.com/blog/fat-protocols ৵࠶۾୓ੋੋо https://medium.com/@christyhyungwonchoi/whats-great-about-blockchain-1-fat-protocol-೐۽ష௒੄-ഄन-f4fae0dbb5a7 https://steemit.com/coinkorea/@parrah/fat-protocols

য়ט੄ղਊ ࠶۾୓ੋ೨ब݅ࡅܰѱ࢓ಝࠁӝ (FUI௏٘۽(PMBOHҗ஘ࣼ೧૑ӝ  (P੄ҳޙҗ+BWB࠺Ү೧ࠁӝ

Ӓۢ䢒੷j ࠶۾୓ੋࠗఠ

࠶۾ ୓ੋ

ޖ঱оܳ׸חஶప੉ց

ޖ঱оܳ׸חஶప੉ց ޖ঺ਸ׸ਸѪੋо

ޖ঱оܳ׸חஶప੉ց ޖ঺ਸ׸ਸѪੋо ౟ے੥࣌ ࠶۾୓ੋ

࠶۾୓ੋ ౟䡳੥࣌ਸ׸਷࠶۾ਸোѾ  -JOLFE-JTUۄࢤпೞ੗ Block Block Block Block

৵࠶۾ਸ ୓ੋਵ۽োѾೡө

৵࠶۾ਸ ୓ੋਵ۽োѾೡө ࠶۾ী׸ӟ౟䡳੥࣌ਸ ࣻ੿ೞ૑ޅೞѱೞ۰Ҋ ࠶۾୓ੋ࠺о৉ࢿ

যڌѱোѾ೧ঠ ୓ੋ࢚੄࠶۾ਸ ࣻ੿ޅೞѱೡө

ࣻ੿ࢎ೦ࡈܻঌইରܻӝ زੌೠѪցبաبҕਬೞӝ ࠶۾୓ੋਸ ࠺о৉੸ਵ۽݅٘חо૑

࠶۾୓ੋਸ ࠺о৉੸ਵ۽݅٘חо૑ ೧य )BTIJOH ࠂઁ 3FQMJDBUJPO

)BTIJOH)BTI1PJOUFS ੉੹࠶۾ਸ೧यೠчਸ അ੤࠶۾ী䞵ࠁਬೠ׮ Block Block Block Block a9bx d13e z0h2
j1k8

"WBMBODIF&GGFDU ೞա݅ठ૶ࣻ੿೧بj റࣘ࠶۾੄೧दоݽف߄Ո׮ Block Block Block Block a9bx d13e g6is
V7f4 Tampering some tx

੟ও׮ਃ֧

11/FUXPSL "MJDF #PC $BSPM

࠶۾୓ੋীनӏ࠶۾ਸ ־оࢤࢿೞ૑

࠶۾୓ੋ੉ ֎౟ਕ௼ଵৈ੗ݽفীѱ ҕਬ ࠂઁ ػ࢚ടী䞵 যڌѱ࢜۽਍࠶۾ਸ ୶оೞ૑

ޙઁ੿੄ ҕѐػ֎౟ਕ௼੄֢٘р ೤੄ܳ੉ܖחߑ䢲 ঈ੄੸ੋ֢٘੄೯زਸҊ۰ +

೧ߨ ੘সૐݺ 1SPPGPG8PSL ੌݺٶ౵ӝ .JOJOH

1P8੄ਗܻחрױ ࠶۾ਸࢤࢿೡܻ؊ܳ ےؒೞѱࢶ୹

1P8੄ਗܻחрױ ࠶۾ਸࢤࢿೡܻ؊ܳ ޙઁܳ䢒੷಻ࢎۈਵ۽ࢶ୹

য䡣ޙઁ ౠ੿ઑ䟬ਸ݅઒ೞח ೧दч଺ӝ 0000000008783feba7631d38344730a9d1711f5e903049ac8ff59f36cf7d50bc ৘ٜܳݶ੉ѐ۽द੘ೞח ೧दࠁ׮੘਷ч

੿ܻ೧ࠁݶj ౟䡳੥࣌ਸ׸ח࠶۾ ࠶۾ਸ೧यਸా೧୓ੋਵ۽োѾ ࠂઁܳా೧*OUFHSJUZਬ૑ 1P8ܳా೧࠶۾୓ੋ೤੄ ݠ௿౟ܻ ನ௼ ੿Ѻ୓ੋ 1P4 %1P4

૑Әө૑ೠ੉ঠӝחj যו੉࢚઱੄੗੄Է੉঻णפ׮

ҕѐػ࠶۾୓ੋ֎౟ਕ௼ ҳࢿҗਬ૑ী೙ਃೠӒѪj 3FTPVSDF.POFZ

࢜۽਍ޙઁ ࠶۾୓ੋ֎౟ਕ௼ী যڌѱଵৈदఆѪੋо

ޙઁ੿੄ ࠶۾୓ੋ֎౟ਕ௼ ଵৈ੗ীѱয䡣*ODFOUJWF ܳ઴Ѫੋо

ޙઁ੿੄ য䡣*ODFOUJWFܳ઴Ѫੋо $SZQUPUPLFO

ޙઁ੤੿੄ যڌѱ$SZQUPUPLFOਸ઴Ѫੋо (BNF5IFPSZj *ODFOUJWF$PNQBUJCJMUZ

࠶۾୓ੋ੄࠙ܨ ҕѐػ֎౟ਕ௼ *ODFOUJWFӝ߈੄1VCMJDDIBJO #JUDPJO &UIFSFVN j ઁೠػଵৈ੗ 1SJWBUFDIBJO )ZQFS-FEHF *#.
RVPSVN +1.PSHBO j

݃૑݄ޙઁ ࠶۾୓ੋଵৈ੗੄ध߹ߑ䢲 ࠶۾୓ੋীଵৈ ݃੉׬ೞѢա౟䡳੥࣌ਸਬߊೞѢա ੋࣃ౭࠳ܳ߉Ѣա౟䡳੥࣌䟽җ۽  6OJRVFೠध߹੗о೙ਃ

࠶۾୓ੋ੄઱ࣗ ҕѐఃঌҊ્ܻ 1GX28yLjVWux7ws4UQ9FB4MnLH4UKTPK2z https://github.com/bitcoinbook/bitcoinbook/raw/develop/images/mbc2_0401.png

࠶۾୓ੋ઱ࣗҕѐఃঌҊ્ܻ ઱ࣗ ࢲݺ https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf

https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3136559

੉؊ܻ਑җHFUI

੉؊ܻ਑ &UIFSFVNJTUIF8PSME$PNQVUFS USBOTBDUJPOCBTFETUBUFNBDIJOF

৵(PMBOHਵ۽ҳഅػHFUIੋо ੉؊ܻ਑੄ҕधҳഅ୓ അ੤ز੘ೞחо੢֫਷࠺䟗੄ҳഅ୓ https://www.ethernodes.org/network/1

ؘݽ䢒੷ࠁӝ

geth —nodiscover --datadir "(node data path)" (FUIQSJWBUF֎౟ਕ௼۽प೯ೞӝ MPDBMী䞵 աഒ੗&UIFSFVN ֎౟ਕ௼ܳप೯ೞח
о੢рױೠߑ䢲

૑Ә݅ա۞цפ׮ (FUI௏੍٘ӝ https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/tree/ 1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120

GVODNBJO func main() { if err := app.Run(os.Args); err !=
nil { fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err) os.Exit(1) } } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/main.go#L249-L254

'VODUJPO ೣࣻח੉ۧѱࢶ঱ func main() { if err := app.Run(os.Args); err
!= nil { fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err) os.Exit(1) } } 001঱য׹ѱ ௿ېझ੄ݫࢲ٘о઺ब੉ۄݶ ೣࣻо઺ब func helloWorld() { fmt.Println("Hello, Go") }

GVODNBJO 䟤୓ੋ٠ೠBQQ਷য٣ࢲա৳ա NBJOೣࣻоࢶ঱ػ౵ੌ߄۽ਤীj var ( gitCommit =
"" app = utils.NewApp(gitCommit, "...") ... ) func main() { if err := app.Run(os.Args); err != nil { fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, err) os.Exit(1) } }

var ( gitCommit = "" app = utils.NewApp(gitCommit, "...") ...
) 7BSJBCMF%FDMBSBUJPO ߸ࣻ੄ࢶ঱਷WBSఃਕ٘۽ var foo = "bar" ఋੑ਷ఃਕٍ٘ীॄبغ૑݅ ୶ۿೡࣻ੓ਵפࢤۚ೧بػ׮ var foo string = "bar" https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/main.go#L49-L162

var ( gitCommit = "" app = utils.NewApp(gitCommit, "...") ...
) 'BDUPSFE7BSJBCMF%FDMBSBUJPO ࣗҚഐ۽ޘযࢲೠߣীࢶ঱بоמ ੉ѤJNQPSUب݃ଲо૑ۄח import ( "fmt" "math" ... ) var ( golang = "" meetup = 1 ) https://tour.golang.org/basics/11

GVOD/FX"QQ HJU$PNNJU VTBHFTUSJOH DMJ"QQ DMJ"QQఋੑ੄䟤୓ܳࢤࢿ೧ࢲ߈ജ DMJ"QQ਷$-*গ೒ܻா੉࣌ѐߊਸب৬઱חۄ੉࠳۞ܻ
ఠ޷䠭ী䞵ੋ੗۽߉਷ч਷DMJ$POUFYU䟤୓ী䞵ҙܻ var ( gitCommit = "" app = utils.NewApp(gitCommit, "...") ... ) https://github.com/urfave/cli

1BDLBHFBOE&YQPSUFE/BNF VUJMTחё୓оইצಁః૑ ೣࣻ੄୐Ӗ੗۽ҕѐৈࠗоѾ੿ػ׮ var ( gitCommit = "" app =
utils.NewApp(gitCommit, "...") ... ) import "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/cmd/utils" func funcPrivate() func FuncPublic()

GVODJOJU $-*ۄ੉࠳۞ܻоઁҕೞחੋఠಕ੉झীೣࣻ߂ࢸ੿١۾ HFUI੄पઁFOUSZQPJOUੋHFUIೣࣻܳBQQ"DUJPOী١۾ Ӓؘ۠JOJUೣࣻܳഐ୹ೞחҔ਷য٣ীبহ׮j func init() {
// Initialize the CLI app and start Geth app.Action = geth app.HideVersion = true app.Copyright = "Copyright 2013-2018 …" ... https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/main.go#L164-L247

https://golang.org/ref/spec#Package_initialization 001׹ѱ߸ࣻ੄झ௏೐৬ ୡӝചب௿ېझױਤ۽ 1LH*OJUJBMJ[BUJPO func init() { // Initialize the
CLI app and start Geth app.Action = geth app.HideVersion = true app.Copyright = "Copyright 2013-2018 …" ... JOJUೣࣻחಁః૑ۨ߰੄ झ௏೐ܳыח߸ࣻܳ ୡӝചद઱۽ॵ׮

GVODHFUI DUY DMJ$POUFYU FSSPS HFUI੄पઁFOUSZQPJOU &UIFSFVN௿ۄ੉঱౟֢٘ܳप೯ೞҊઙܐܳ؀ӝೠ׮ func geth(ctx
*cli.Context) error { if args := ctx.Args(); len(args) > 0 { return fmt.Errorf("invalid command: %q", args[0]) } node := makeFullNode(ctx) startNode(ctx, node) node.Wait() return nil } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/main.go#L259-L267

https://tour.golang.org/basics/10 4IPSU7BSJBCMF%FDMBSBUJPO ೐۽ӈଳ۞ٜਸਤೠࢶޛ ߸ࣻࢶ঱੄୷ডഋ 4ZOUBUJD4VHBS׮ func geth(ctx *cli.Context) error {
if args := ctx.Args(); len(args) > 0 { return fmt.Errorf("invalid command: %q", args[0]) } node := makeFullNode(ctx) startNode(ctx, node) node.Wait() return nil } ݃ٶೠߑߨ੉  -PNCPLਵ۽Ӓա݃j

GVODNBLF'VMM/PEF DUY DMJ$POUFYU OPEF/PEF ࢎਊ੗оੑ䢁ೠ২䣩ਸ߄ఔਵ۽HFUI੄֢٘੄઱ਃࢲ࠺झ੄ࢸ੿䟐࠺ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context)
*node.Node { stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx) utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth) if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) { utils.RegisterDashboardService( . . . ) }   . . .  // Add the Ethereum Stats daemon if requested. if cfg.Ethstats.URL != "" { utils.RegisterEthStatsService(. . .) } return stack } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/conﬁg.go#L153-L179

func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context) *node.Node { stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx) utils.RegisterEthService(stack,
&cfg.Eth) . . . .VMUJQMF3FUVSO ࠂࣻ੄ܻఢчب૑ਗೠ׮ func makeConfigNode(ctx *cli.Context) (*node.Node, gethConfig)

GVODNBLF'VMM/PEF DUY DMJ$POUFYU OPEF/PEF ࢸ੿ਸ݃஖ݶ/PEFఋੑ੄䟤୓ܳ߈ജೠ׮ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context)
*node.Node { stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx) utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth) if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) { utils.RegisterDashboardService( . . . ) }   . . .  // Add the Ethereum Stats daemon if requested. if cfg.Ethstats.URL != "" { utils.RegisterEthStatsService(. . .) } return stack }

https://tour.golang.org/moretypes/2 4USVDUVSF // Node is a container on which services
can be registered. type Node struct { eventmux *event.TypeMux // Event multiplexer used between the services of a config *Config accman *accounts.Manager ephemeralKeystore string // if non-empty, the key directory that wi instanceDirLock flock.Releaser // prevents concurrent use of instance dir serverConfig p2p.Config server *p2p.Server // Currently running P2P networking layer serviceFuncs []ServiceConstructor // Service constructors (in dependenc services map[reflect.Type]Service // Currently running services rpcAPIs []rpc.API // List of APIs currently provided by the node inprocHandler *rpc.Server // In-process RPC request handler to process the ipcEndpoint string // IPC endpoint to listen at (empty = IPC disabled ipcListener net.Listener // IPC RPC listener socket to serve API requests ipcHandler *rpc.Server // IPC RPC request handler to process the API requ httpEndpoint string // HTTP endpoint (interface + port) to listen at httpWhitelist []string // HTTP RPC modules to allow through this endpoi httpListener net.Listener // HTTP RPC listener socket to server API reques httpHandler *rpc.Server // HTTP RPC request handler to process the API r wsEndpoint string // Websocket endpoint (interface + port) to listen wsListener net.Listener // Websocket RPC listener socket to server API requ wsHandler *rpc.Server // Websocket RPC request handler to process the API stop chan struct{} // Channel to wait for termination notifications lock sync.RWMutex log log.Logger } $୊ۢ ҳઑ୓۽ఋੑࢶ঱ ё୓ۄݶࢲjݫࢲ٘חয٣ী ӒѤਫ਼दٍীj

GVODNBLF'VMM/PEF DUY DMJ$POUFYU OPEF/PEF ਫ਼दറഐ୹ؼ&UIFSFVNࢲ࠺झ੄ࢤࢿ੗ܳৈӝࢲ١۾ೠ׮ func makeFullNode(ctx *cli.Context)
*node.Node { stack, cfg := makeConfigNode(ctx) utils.RegisterEthService(stack, &cfg.Eth) if ctx.GlobalBool(utils.DashboardEnabledFlag.Name) { utils.RegisterDashboardService( . . . ) }   . . .  // Add the Ethereum Stats daemon if requested. if cfg.Ethstats.URL != "" { utils.RegisterEthStatsService(. . .) } return stack }

GVOD3FHJTUFS&UI4FSWJDF TUBDL OPEF/PEF DGH FUI$POGJH \ TUBDL3FHJTUFS۽١۾݅ೡࡺই૒प೯ೠѪ੉ইפ׮ FUI/FXী䞵&UIFSFVN䟤୓ࢤࢿҗೣԋৈ۞ୡӝച੘সਸೠ׮
// RegisterEthService adds an Ethereum client to the stack. func RegisterEthService(stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) { var err error if cfg.SyncMode == downloader.LightSync { err = stack.Register(func(ctx *node.ServiceContext) (node.Service, error) { return les.New(ctx, cfg) }) } else { err = stack.Register(func(ctx *node.ServiceContext) (node.Service, error) { fullNode, err := eth.New(ctx, cfg) if fullNode != nil && cfg.LightServ > 0 { ls, _ := les.NewLesServer(fullNode, cfg) fullNode.AddLesServer(ls) } return fullNode, err }) } if err != nil { Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum service: %v", err) } } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/utils/ﬂags.go#L1212-L1231

য٣ө૑৳ա app.Action cli main geth utils RegisterEthService makeFullNode

GVODHFUI DUY DMJ$POUFYU FSSPS HFUI੄पઁFOUSZQPJOU &UIFSFVN௿ۄ੉঱౟֢٘ܳप೯ೞҊઙܐܳ؀ӝೠ׮ func geth(ctx
*cli.Context) error { if args := ctx.Args(); len(args) > 0 { return fmt.Errorf("invalid command: %q", args[0]) } node := makeFullNode(ctx) startNode(ctx, node) node.Wait() return nil }

GVODTUBSU/PEF DUY DMJ$POUFYU TUBDL OPEF/PEF ࢎਊ੗о੹׳ೠ২䣩чਸ׸਷$POUFYU৬NBLF'VMM/PEFী䞵ୡ ӝചػ/PEFܳо૑Ҋ/PEFܳप೯ func startNode(ctx
*cli.Context, stack *node.Node) { debug.Memsize.Add("node", stack) // Start up the node itself utils.StartNode(stack) // ؘݽীࢲ ઱૑ ঋ਷ ২࣌ਸ ଵઑ೧ࢲ ҅੿ਸ ৌҊ // ҅੿(૑ц)੄ ߸҃ࢎ೦ਸ subscribe ೞח झۨ٘(Ҋܖ౯) प೯ // Minerܳ ߄۽ द੘ೞח ١੄ ۽૒ . . . https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/geth/main.go#L272-L354

GVOD4UBSU/PEF TUBDL OPEF/PEF func StartNode(stack *node.Node) { if err :=
stack.Start(); err != nil { Fatalf("Error starting protocol stack: %v", err) } go func() { sigc := make(chan os.Signal, 1) signal.Notify(sigc, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM) defer signal.Stop(sigc) <-sigc log.Info("Got interrupt, shutting down...") go stack.Stop() for i := 10; i > 0; i-- { <-sigc if i > 1 { log.Warn("ী۞۽Ӓח ૣѱ...", "times", i-1) } } debug.Exit() debug.LoudPanic("boom") }() } /PEF䟤୓੄प೯߂ࢎਊ੗੄ઙܐदӒօ؀ӝ https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/utils/cmd.go#L66-L86

func StartNode(stack *node.Node) { if err := stack.Start(); err !=
nil { Fatalf("Error starting protocol stack: %v", err) } . . . &SSPS)BOEMJOH ݃஖$୊ۢ ী۞بܻఢчਵ۽߈ജ &YDFQUJPOਸ؍૑Ѣա੟Ѣաj ߈ജػী۞ё୓ܳഛੋ೧ࢲӒ੗ܻࢲ୊ܻ

04੄OBUJWFझۨ٘ী؀਽ೞח झۨ٘ܳࢤࢿ೧ࢲزदࢿ୊ܻܳೞ૑ HPSPVUJOF ೣࣻখীHPఃਕ٘݅ࠢ੉ݶزदࢿ୊ܻо (P3VOUJNF੉ҙܻ೧઱૑ func StartNode(stack *node.Node) { if
err := stack.Start(); err != nil { Fatalf("Error starting protocol stack: %v", err) } go func() { ... }() } go func() { /* ੊ݺೣࣻ */ }() go foo() // ೣࣻ

GVOD4UBSU/PEF TUBDL OPEF/PEF func StartNode(stack *node.Node) { if err :=
stack.Start(); err != nil { Fatalf("Error starting protocol stack: %v", err) } go func() { sigc := make(chan os.Signal, 1) signal.Notify(sigc, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM) defer signal.Stop(sigc) <-sigc log.Info("Got interrupt, shutting down...") go stack.Stop() for i := 10; i > 0; i-- { <-sigc if i > 1 { log.Warn("ী۞۽Ӓח ૣѱ...", "times", i-1) } } debug.Exit() debug.LoudPanic("boom") }() }

GVOD O /PEF 4UBSU FSSPS NBLF'VMM/PEFࢲ١۾ೠࢲ࠺झࢤࢿ߂प೯ &UIFSFVN䟤୓੄ࢤࢿҗप೯ // Start create
a live P2P node and starts running it. func (n *Node) Start() error { n.lock.Lock() defer n.lock.Unlock() // Short circuit if the node's already running if n.server != nil { return ErrNodeRunning } if err := n.openDataDir(); err != nil { return err } // P2P ೐۽ష௒ प೯ೞݶࢲ ׮ܲ ֢٘ ଺ӝ  // খীࢲ ١۾ೠ ࢲ࠺झ प೯ೞӝ ١ https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/node/node.go#L138-L228

3FDFJWFSBOE.FUIPE ೣࣻ੉ܴখী߹ب۽߉חੋ੗ 3FDFJWFо੓חೣࣻחݫࢲ٘ 001ܳ૑ਗೞחߑߨ // Start create a live P2P
node and starts running it. func (n *Node) Start() error { n.lock.Lock() defer n.lock.Unlock() stack.Start() ௿ېझীؘ੉ఠ৬೯ਤоэ੉੓חؘj  ఋੑীؘ੉ఠܳࢶ঱ೞҊ ߹ب۽ೣࣻо੓ਵפয࢝ೞ׮j

// Start create a live P2P node and starts running
it. func (n *Node) Start() error { n.lock.Lock() defer n.lock.Unlock() %FGFS EFGFSܳೣࣻখীࠢ੉ݶ प೯ਸೣࣻ੄ઙܐद੼ө૑૑ো ۅ੉աܻࣗझ୊ܻदपࣻߑ૑ ܻࣗझ୊ܻۄݶীࢲࢤӟ 5SZ8JUI3FTPVSDFܳॳѢա ইש'JOBMMZীࢲഛप൤୊ܻೞѢա

য٣ө૑৳ա app.Action cli main geth makeFullConﬁg Utils RegisterEthService startNode StartNode
Node Start ࢤࢿ੗ ഐ୹

GVOD3FHJTUFS&UI4FSWJDF TUBDL OPEF/PEF DGH FUI$POGJH \ TUBDL3FHJTUFS۽١۾݅ೡࡺই૒प೯ೠѪ੉ইפ׮ FUI/FXী䞵&UIFSFVN䟤୓ࢤࢿҗೣԋৈ۞ୡӝച੘সਸೠ׮
// RegisterEthService adds an Ethereum client to the stack. func RegisterEthService(stack *node.Node, cfg *eth.Config) { var err error if cfg.SyncMode == downloader.LightSync { err = stack.Register(func(ctx *node.ServiceContext) (node.Service, error) { return les.New(ctx, cfg) }) } else { err = stack.Register(func(ctx *node.ServiceContext) (node.Service, error) { fullNode, err := eth.New(ctx, cfg) if fullNode != nil && cfg.LightServ > 0 { ls, _ := les.NewLesServer(fullNode, cfg) fullNode.AddLesServer(ls) } return fullNode, err }) } if err != nil { Fatalf("Failed to register the Ethereum service: %v", err) } } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/cmd/utils/ﬂags.go#L1212-L1231

GVOD/FX DUY OPEF4FSWJDF$POUFYU DPOGJH $POGJH &UIFSFVN FSSPS &UIFSFVN䟤୓੄ࢤࢿ
࠶۾%# ࠶ܚGJMUFS ೤੄ূ૓ 1P8 .JOFS١઱ਃ䟤୓ࢤࢿ func New(ctx *node.ServiceContext, config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) { // Ensure configuration values are compatible and sane . . . // Assemble the Ethereum object chainDb, err := CreateDB(ctx, config, "chaindata") . . . chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlock(chainDb, config.Genesis) . . . eth.blockchain, err = core.NewBlockChain(chainDb, cacheConfig, eth.chainConfig, eth.engine, vmConfig) . . . eth.miner = miner.New(eth, eth.chainConfig, eth.EventMux(), eth.engine, config.MinerRecommit) . . . } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/eth/backend.go#L104-L187

eth := &Ethereum{ config: config, chainDb: chainDb, chainConfig: chainConfig, eventMux:
ctx.EventMux, accountManager: ctx.AccountManager, engine: CreateConsensusEngine( /* ࢤۚ */ ), shutdownChan: make(chan bool), networkID: config.NetworkId, gasPrice: config.MinerGasPrice, etherbase: config.Etherbase, bloomRequests: make(chan chan *bloombits.Retrieval), bloomIndexer: NewBloomIndexer( /* ࢤۚ */ ), } &UIFSFVNఋੑ https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/eth/backend.go#L62-L95

GVOD/FX DUY OPEF4FSWJDF$POUFYU DPOGJH $POGJH &UIFSFVN FSSPS func New(ctx
*node.ServiceContext, config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) { // Ensure configuration values are compatible and sane . . . // Assemble the Ethereum object chainDb, err := CreateDB(ctx, config, "chaindata") . . . chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlock(chainDb, config.Genesis) . . . eth.blockchain, err = core.NewBlockChain(chainDb, cacheConfig, eth.chainConfig, eth.engine, vmConfig) . . . eth.miner = miner.New(eth, eth.chainConfig, eth.EventMux(), eth.engine, config.MinerRecommit) . . . }

GVOD/FX j .JOFS 1PX ഑਷1P" ۽.JOJOHೡ䟤୓ࢤࢿ OFX8PSLFS۽ࢤࢿغחXPSLFSоपઁ݃੉׬੘সࣻ೯
func New(…) *Miner { miner := &Miner{ eth: eth, mux: mux, engine: engine, exitCh: make(chan struct{}), worker: newWorker(config, engine, eth, mux), canStart: 1, } go miner.update() return miner } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/miner/miner.go#L55-L67

$IBOOFM ؘ੉ఠܳ઱Ҋ߉חా۽ HPSPVUJOFрؘ੉ఠҮജਊ੉ func New(…) *Miner { miner := &Miner{
eth: eth, mux: mux, engine: engine, exitCh: make(chan struct{}), worker: newWorker(config, engine, eth, mux), canStart: 1, } go miner.update() return miner } type Miner struct { mux *event.TypeMux worker *worker coinbase common.Address eth Backend engine consensus.Engine exitCh chan struct{} canStart int32 shouldStart int32 } ࢶ঱਷੉ۧѱ ࢤࢿ਷੉ۧѱ

$IBOOFM HPSPVUJOFҗDIBOOFM਷ ҕਬ੗ਗ୊ܻ੄଴ڂҾ೤ झۨ٘рҕਬ੗ਗ਷ ҕਬݫݽܻ৬ೣԋ-PDLࢎਊইש %POPUDPNNVOJDBUFCZTIBSJOHNFNPSZ JOTUFBE TIBSFNFNPSZCZDPNNVOJDBUJOH https://blog.golang.org/share-memory-by-communicating ੉ۧѱ઱Ҋ
੉ۧѱ߉Ҋ (߉ח ߸ࣻ) <-self.exitCh self.exitCh <- (ࠁյ ؘ੉ఠ) https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/MutexOrChannel

GVOD/FX j .JOFS func New(…) *Miner { miner :=
&Miner{ eth: eth, mux: mux, engine: engine, exitCh: make(chan struct{}), worker: newWorker(config, engine, eth, mux), canStart: 1, } go miner.update() return miner }

GVOD TFMG .JOFS VQEBUF for { select { case ev
:= <-events.Chan(): if ev == nil { return } switch ev.Data.(type) { case downloader.StartEvent: atomic.StoreInt32(&self.canStart, 0) if self.Mining() { self.Stop() atomic.StoreInt32(&self.shouldStart, 1) log.Info("Mining aborted due to sync") } case downloader.DoneEvent, downloader.FailedEvent: shouldStart := atomic.LoadInt32(&self.shouldStart) == 1 atomic.StoreInt32(&self.canStart, 1) atomic.StoreInt32(&self.shouldStart, 0) if shouldStart { self.Start(self.coinbase) } // stop immediately and ignore all further pending events return } case <-self.exitCh: return } } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/miner/miner.go#L73-L106

$IBOOFMਸ੉ਊೠ&WFOU-PPQ GPS TFMFDUޙਸࢎਊೞݶ &WFOU-PPQэ਷௏٘ܳૢࣻ੓׮ for { select { case ev
:= <-events.Chan(): . . . case <-self.exitCh: return } } https://tour.golang.org/concurrency/5 for (;;) { Runnable task = takeTask(); if (task != null) { task.run(); updateLastExecutionTime(); } if (confirmShutdown()) { break; } } /FUUZ੄%FGBVMU&WFOU-PPQ

GVOD TFMG .JOFS 4UBSU DPJOCBTFDPNNPO"EESFTT HFUI୭ୡप೯द২䣩ਸ઱Ѣա ௑ࣛী䞵NJOFSTUBSU दप೯ func (self
*Miner) Start(coinbase common.Address) { atomic.StoreInt32(&self.shouldStart, 1) self.SetEtherbase(coinbase) if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.canStart) == 0 { log.Info("Network syncing, will start miner afterwards") return } self.worker.start() } https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/miner/miner.go#L108-L117

GVOD X XPSLFS TUBSU func (w *worker) start() { atomic.StoreInt32(&w.running,
1) w.startCh <- struct{}{} } दӒօ୊ۢFNQUZҳઑ୓ܳTUBSU$Iী֍਺ TUBSU$I଻䠭ਸా೧ࢲ.JOFSद੘ਸ੹׳ TUBSU$Iਸӝ׮ܻחҔ਷খࢲ.JOFS/FXী䞵ࢤࢿೠXPSLFS https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/miner/worker.go#L257-L260

଻䠭ਸ੉ਊೠ8PSLFS੄.JOJOH'MPX for { select { case req := <-w.newWorkCh: w.commitNewWork(req.interrupt,
req.noempty) . . . NBJO-PPQ w.commit(uncles, w.fullTaskHook, true, tstart) DPNNJU/FX8PSLೣࣻ੄݃૑݄ case task := <-w.taskCh: . . . go w.seal(task, stopCh) UBTL-PPQ case w.taskCh <- &task{ . . . }: DPNNJUೣࣻ block, err := w.engine.Seal(w.chain, t.block, stop) TFBMೣࣻ೤੄ূ૓੄1P8ഐ୹ࠗ )BTIܳߊѼೞѱغݶSFTVMU$I۽֍ח׮ ethash.mine(block, id, nonce, abort, ethash.resultCh) &UBTI੄݃੉׬ೣࣻ

GVOD FUIBTI &UIBTI 4FBM 1P8ܳਤ೧OPODFܳےؒೞѱTFFE۽೧ࢲNJOFݫࢲ٘ഐ୹ . . . for
i := 0; i < threads; i++ { pend.Add(1) go func(id int, nonce uint64) { defer pend.Done() ethash.mine(block, id, nonce, abort, ethash.resultCh) }(i, uint64(ethash.rand.Int63())) } . . . https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/consensus/ethash/sealer.go#L81-L87

GVOD FUIBTI &UIBTI NJOF 1PX੄पઁ௏٘ // We don't have
to update hash rate on every nonce, so update after after 2^X nonces attempts++ if (attempts % (1 << 15)) == 0 { ethash.hashrate.Mark(attempts) attempts = 0 } // Compute the PoW value of this nonce digest, result := hashimotoFull(dataset.dataset, hash, nonce) if new(big.Int).SetBytes(result).Cmp(target) <= 0 { // Correct nonce found, create a new header with it header = types.CopyHeader(header) header.Nonce = types.EncodeNonce(nonce) header.MixDigest = common.BytesToHash(digest) // Seal and return a block (if still needed) select { case found <- block.WithSeal(header): logger.Trace("Ethash nonce found and reported", "attempts", nonce-seed, "nonce", nonce) case <-abort: logger.Trace("Ethash nonce found but discarded", "attempts", nonce-seed, "nonce", nonce) } break search } nonce++ https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blob/1acefafe2201ba061a58b51afd7a7edf4aa0f120/consensus/ethash/sealer.go#L110-L165

Ҋࢤೞ࣑णפ׮

য়ט࢓ಝࠄѪו՛Ѫ ࠶۾୓ੋ ࣘࢿ ӝࠄѐ䠺࢓ಝࠁӝ (FUI௏٘ܳా೧(PMBOHҳޙݍࠁݴ+BWB৬࠺Ү .JOJOH'MPX௏٘ٮۄоࠁӝ (P௏੍٘ӝࢤпࠁ׮য۵૑ঋ׮ (P೐۽ࣁझप೯੉࠶䡲߅झэ੉וԑઉ HPSPVUJOFҗ଻䠭ਸഝਊೠ௏٘ܳղоૠ׮ݶj ߬झ౟೐ۑ౭झ݆ܳ੉ࠁݶજਸ٠

য়ט࢓ಝࠁ૑ޅೠѪ झ݃౟ஶ౟䡲౟৬&7.୊ܻҗ੿ .FSLMF1BUSJDJB5SFF৬3-1ੋ௏٬ ,BEFNJMBӝ߈੄11֢٘%JTDPWFSZ -FWFM%#৬#MPPNGJMUFSܳࢎਊೠ࠶۾੿ࠁ੷੢ҙܻ "4*$SFTJTUBOUೠ&UBTIঌҊ્ܻ

ଵҊ੗ܐ .BTUFSJOH#JUDPJO IUUQTHJUIVCDPNCJUDPJOCPPLCJUDPJOCPPL .BTUFSJOH&UIFSFVN IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFUIFSFVNCPPLFUIFSFVNCPPL   $PVSTFSB-FDUVSF IUUQTXXXDPVSTFSBPSHMFBSODSZQUPDVSSFODZ
#JUDPJOsT"DBEFNJD1FEJHSFF IUUQTRVFVFBDNPSHEFUBJMDGN JE #JUDPJO8IJUFQBQFS IUUQTCJUDPJOPSHCJUDPJOQEG ೠӖIUUQTFODPEFOUDPNCJUDPJO &UIFSFVN8IJUFQBQFS IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFUIFSFVNXJLJXJLJ8IJUF1BQFS &UIFSFVN:FMMPX1BQFS IUUQTFUIFSFVNHJUIVCJPZFMMPXQBQFSQBQFSQEG &UIFSFVN#FJHF1BQFS IUUQTHJUIVCDPNDISPOBFPOCFJHFQBQFSCMPCNBTUFSCFJHFQBQFSQEG $SZQUP;PNCJF IUUQTDSZQUP[PNCJFTJPLP ҴղӖݽ਺ IUUQTQSPHSBNNFSTDPLSQBHFTCMPDLDIBJO   IUUQTHJUIVCDPNFUIFSFVNHPFUIFSFVN IUUQTHPCZFYBNQMFDPN IUUQTUPVSHPMBOHPSH

хࢎ೤פ׮

An overview of Go based on geth (ethereum client)

An overview of Go based on geth (ethereum client)

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