Swift Concurrency Essentials

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4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM fetchData(imagesURL) { data in DispatchQueue.global().async { let images =

data.convertToResizedImages() DispatchQueue.main.async { images.enumerated().forEach { index, image in imageViews[index].image = image } } } }

4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM let data = await fetchData(imageURL) let images = await

data.convertToResizedImages() images.enumerated().forEach { index, image in imageViews[index].image = image }

झۨ٘ח04ী੄೧ࢤࢿغҊҙܻػ׮ झۨ٘חݺद੸ਵ۽࠶۾ೡࣻহਵݴ ೦࢚૓೯੉ࠁ੢غযঠೠ׮ ࠺زӝೣࣻחযڃझۨ٘ীࢲز੘ೡ૑ঌࣻহ׮   BXBJUఃਕ٘ܳӝ੼ਵ۽ೣࣻ੄૓೯੉઺ױغҊ׮द੤ѐؼࣻ੓׮ ೣࣻо੤ѐؼٸ ઺૑ػद੼җ׮ܲझۨ٘ীࢲز੘ೡࣻ੓׮ ١١١jj 4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM

$PODVSSFODZীࢲ੄झۨ٘ Task.detached { let information = NonSendableInfo() await someActor.add(information) await

someActor.arrangeInformation() doSomeExtraWork() }

$PODVSSFODZীࢲ੄झۨ٘ Task.detached { let information = NonSendableInfo() await someActor.add(information) await

$PODVSSFODZীࢲ੄झۨ٘ Task.detached { let information = NonSendableInfo() // Thread#1 await

someActor.add(information) // Thread#2 await someActor.arrangeInformation() // Thread#3 doSomeExtraWork() // Thread#4 }

$PODVSSFODZীࢲ੄झۨ٘ Task.detached { let information = NonSendableInfo() // Thread#1 await

someActor.add(information) // Thread#2 await someActor.arrangeInformation() // Thread#3 doSomeExtraWork() // Thread#4 }

*TPMBUJPO%PNBJO ೦࢚ߓఋ੸ੋ੽Ӕ੉ࠁ੢غח௏٘੄૘೤

"DUPS 5BTL MPDBMHMPCBM EFUBDIFE

*TPMBUJPO%PNBJO Task.detached { let information = NonSendableInfo() await someActor.add(information) await

4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM 4FOEBCMF 3FTQPOTJCMF#ZQBTT "DUPS 3FHJPO#BTFE*TPMBUJPO

4FOEBCMF *TPMBUJPOEPNBJOрী઱Ҋ߉ਸࣻ੓׮

ೞਤݯߡоݽف4FOEBCMFೠ҃਋4FOEBCMFਸ଻ఖೡࣻ੓׮ 4FOEBCMF4USVDUT

زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08 Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] var

clone = original clone.append(40) }

زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08 Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] var

clone = original clone.append(40) }

زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08 Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original // 0x0010 clone.append(40) }

زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08 Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original clone.append(40) // 0x0030 }

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08 Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] var

clone = original Task.detached { clone.append(40) } await Task.yield() original.append(50) }

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08$MPOF੉ݢ੷߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original Task.detached { clone.append(40) // 0x0010 } await Task.yield() original.append(50) }

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08$MPOF੉ݢ੷߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original Task.detached { clone.append(40) // 0x0030 } await Task.yield() original.append(50) }

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$080SJHJOBM੉ݢ੷߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original // 0x0010 Task.detached { clone.append(40) } await Task.yield() original.append(50) }

߸҃द੼ীSFGFSFODFDPVOUо੉࢚੉ۄݶ࢜۽਍ࣗझܳ݅ٚറчਸ߸҃ೠ׮

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$080SJHJOBM੉ݢ੷߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$080SJHJOBM੉ݢ੷߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] var

clone = original // 0x0010 Task.detached { clone.append(40) } await Task.yield() original.append(50) // 0x0030 }

࠺زӝജ҃ীࢲ੄$08زदী߸҃ؼٸ Task { var original = [10, 20, 30] //

0x0010 var clone = original Task.detached { clone.append(40) // 0x0030 } await Task.yield() original.append(50) // 0x0050 }

ೞਤݯߡоݽف4FOEBCMFೠ҃਋4FOEBCMFਸ଻ఖೡࣻ੓׮ 4FOEBCMF4USVDUT

4FOEBCMF$MBTTFT 4XJGU 4XJGU 4VQFSDMBTT হযঠೠ׮ 4VCDMBTTJOH fi OBM۽ࠛоמ 1SPQFSUJFT ݽٚ੷੢೐۽ಌ౭о4FOEBCMFMFU

ݽٚ੷੢೐۽ಌ౭оইېઑѤ઺ೞաܳ݅઒ 4FOEBCMFMFU (MPCBMBDUPSীӈࣘ OPOJTPMBUFE VOTBGF $MBTT੗୓о(MPCBMBDUPSীӈࣘغয੓যب4FOEBCMFೞ׮

4FOEBCMF$MBTTFT 4XJGU 4XJGU 4VQFSDMBTT হযঠೠ׮ 4VCDMBTTJOH fi OBM۽ࠛоמ 1SPQFSUJFT ݽٚ੷੢೐۽ಌ౭о4FOEBCMFMFU

4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM 4FOEBCMF 3FTQPOTJCMF#ZQBTT "DUPS 3FHJPO#BTFE*TPMBUJPO

3FTQPOTJCMF#ZQBTT !QSFDPODVSSFODZ !VODIFDLFE4FOEBCMF OPOJTPMBUFE VOTBGF

ஹ౵ੌ۞੄Ѩࢎহ੉4FOEBCMFਸળࣻदః۰ݶ!VODIFDLFE4FOEBCMFਸࢎਊೞभदয় !VODIFDLFEܳࢎਊೠ4FOEBCMFఋੑ੄ز੘੸೤ৈࠗחѐߊ੗о଼੐ઉঠ೤פ׮ ৘ٜܳয ࢚కী؀ೠݽٚ੽Ӕਸۅ੉ա௸۽ࠁഐ೧ঠ೤פ׮ !VODIFDLFE4FOEBCMF "QQMF%FWFMPQFS%PDVNFOUBUJPO t4FOEBCMFu IUUQT EFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNEPDVNFOUBUJPOTXJGUTFOEBCMF

class SharedState: @unchecked Sendable { private var revision = 0

private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } }

class SharedState: @unchecked Sendable { private var revision = 0

private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } }

class SharedState: @unchecked Sendable { private var revision = 0

private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } var dangerousArray: [PotentialRace] = [] }

class SharedState: @unchecked Sendable { private var revision = 0

private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } var dangerousArray: [PotentialRace] = [] // NO WARNING!!! }

class SharedState: @unchecked Sendable { private var revision = 0

private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } var dangerousArray: [PotentialRace] = [] }

final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision =

0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } var dangerousArray: [PotentialRace] = [] }

⛔4UPSFEQSPQFSUZCSBICSBIj final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision

= 0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } var dangerousArray: [PotentialRace] = [] }

final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision =

0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } let safeArray = Mutex<[PotentialRace]>([]) }

ਗ஗ীٮۄ झۨ٘ܳӝ׮ܻѱೞחߑߨ਷$PODVSSFODZীࢲ૒੽ઁҕغ૑ঋח׮ PT@VOGBJS@MPDL /4-PDLҗэ਷ਗदઁযܳ$PODVSSFODZ৬ೣԋউ੹ೞѱ੉ਊೡࣻ੓׮ ױۅ੄ߧਤоزӝ੸ਵ۽૓೯غחߧਤৈঠೠ׮ %*:4FOEBCMF-PDL "QQMF%FWFMPQFS t4XJGUDPODVSSFODZ#FIJOEUIFTDFOFTu IUUQT

EFWFMPQFSBQQMFDPNWJEFPTQMBZXXED

final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision =

0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevision(_ newRevision: Int) { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision accessLock.unlock() } func getRevision() { accessLock.lock() defer { accessLock.unlock() } return revision } }

final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision =

0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevisionAndDoSomething(_ newRevision: Int) async { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision await doSomething() accessLock.unlock() } }

final class SharedState: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var revision =

0 private let accessLock = NSLock() func updateRevisionAndDoSomething(_ newRevision: Int) async { accessLock.lock() revision = newRevision await doSomething() accessLock.unlock() } }

/FX4ZODISPOJ[BUJPO.VUFY

final class SharedState: Sendable { private let revision = Mutex(0)

func updateRevisionAndDoSomething(_ newRevision: Int) async { revision.withLock { $0 = newRevision } await doSomething() } }

final class SharedState: Sendable { private let revision = Mutex(0)

func updateRevisionAndDoSomething(_ newRevision: Int) async { revision.withLock { $0 = newRevision } await doSomething() } } @available(macOS 15.0, iOS 18.0) @frozen public struct Mutex<Value> : ~Copyable where Value : ~Copyable

final class CustomMutex<Value>: Sendable { nonisolated(unsafe) private var value: Value

private let accessLock = NSLock() init(_ value: consuming sending Value) { self.value = value } func withLock<Result, E>( _ body: (inout sending Value) throws(E) -> sending Result ) throws(E) -> sending Result where E: Error { accessLock.lock() defer { accessLock.unlock() } return try body(&value) } }

4XJGU$PODVSSFODZ.PEFM 4FOEBCMF 3FTQPOTJCMF#ZQBTT "DUPS 3FHJPO#BTFE*TPMBUJPO

"DUPS 04۽ࠗఠпੋझఢझоߓఋ੸ੋ੽Ӕ੉ࠁ੢غח*TPMBUJPO%PNBJOਸыח׮

3FFOUSBODZ "DUPS੄ೣࣻо૓೯غ׮઺૑ BXBJU غݶ׮ܲೣࣻо૓೯ؼࣻ੓׮

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] func pushLog(_ log:

UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } }

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] func pushLog(_ log:

UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] func pushLog(_ log:

UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

⛔$BOUUBLFBTVG fi YPGOFHBUJWFMFOHUI actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable]

func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] // count =

5 func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] // count =

5 func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) // count = 5 let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] // count =

6 func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) // count = 5 let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count // 6 - 5 logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] // count =

1 func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count // 1 - 5 logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

⛔BTVG fi YPGOFHBUJWFMFOHUI actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable]

// count = 1 func pushLog(_ log: UserActionLoggable) async throws { logs.append(log) guard logs.count >= batchRequestSize else { return } let sendingLogs = logs.prefix(batchRequestSize) try await LogAPI.postActionLogs(sendingLogs) let remainingSize = logs.count - sendingLogs.count logs = logs.suffix(remainingSize) // -4 } } try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog) try await UserActionLogger.shared.pushLog(someLog)

actor UserActionLogger { private var logs: [UserActionLoggable] func pushLog(_ log:

"DUPS%PNBJO੽Ӕ "DUPSחة݀੸ੋ*TPMBUJPO%PNBJOਸо૑Ҋ ੓ӝٸޙী׮ܲ%PNBJOীࢲ੽Ӕೞӝਤ೧ࢲח ࠺زӝ੸ਵ۽੽Ӕ೧ঠೠ׮

"DUPS%PNBJO੽Ӕ ׮ܲ%PNBJOীࣘ೧੓חчਸ࠺زӝ੸ਵ۽оઉৢࣻח੓ਵա ੉ܳ૒੽ࣻ੿ೞחѪ਷ࠛоמೞ׮ ⛔"DUPS - JTPMBUFEQSPQFSUZDBOOPUCFNVUBUFEj actor SomeActor { var

mutableState: State } someActor.mutableState = newState

"DUPS%PNBJO੽Ӕ ׮ܲ%PNBJOীࣘ೧੓חчਸ࠺زӝ੸ਵ۽оઉৢࣻח੓ਵա ੉ܳ૒੽ࣻ੿ೞחѪ਷ࠛоמೞ׮ actor SomeActor { var mutableState: State func

setState(_ newState: State) } await someActor.setState(newState)

JTPMBUFEQBSBNFUFS

TPMBUJPOઁযTPMBUFE1BSBNFUFS actor SomeActor { var mutableState: State } func updateState(of

someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { let newState = await SomeAPI.fetchNewState() someActor.state = newState }

TPMBUJPOઁযTPMBUFE1BSBNFUFS actor SomeActor { var mutableState: State } func updateState(of

/FX.BDSPJTPMBUJPO അ੤௏٘੄*TPMBUJPO "DUPS ী؀ೠଵઑܳࢤࢿ೧ળ׮

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

newState = await fetchNewState() someActor.state = newState } func fetchNewState() async -> State { let request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) return newState }

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

JTPMBUJPOEPNBJO੉ݺदغ૑ঋ਷࠺زӝೣࣻחѺܻ࢚కܻܳࣇೠ׮

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState }

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState } 4PNF"DUPS

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState } 4PNF"DUPS (MPCBM

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState } 4PNF"DUPS (MPCBM (MPCBM

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState } 4PNF"DUPS (MPCBM (MPCBM (MPCBM

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) someActor.state = newState } 4PNF"DUPS (MPCBM (MPCBM (MPCBM 4PNF"DUPS

*TPMBUJPO࢚ࣘ.BDSPJTPMBUJPO func updateState(of someActor: isolated SomeActor) async { doSomePreActions() let

newState = await fetchNewState() someActor.state = newState } func fetchNewState( isolation: isolated (any Actor)? = #isolation ) async -> State { let request = prepareNetworking() let data = await session.data(from: request) let newState = process(data) return newState }

3FHJPO#BTFE*TPMBUJPO Task { var unsafeInformation = NonSendableInfo() await someActor.add(unsafeInformation) unsafeInformation.mutate()

} actor SomeActor { func add(_ information: sending NonSendableInfo) }

3FHJPO#BTFETPMBUJPO ⛔4FOEJOHrVOTBGFOGPSNBUJPOsSJTLTj Task { var unsafeInformation = NonSendableInfo() await someActor.add(unsafeInformation)

unsafeInformation.mutate() } actor SomeActor { func add(_ information: sending NonSendableInfo) }

Swift Concurrency Essentials

Swift Concurrency Essentials

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