Cardiovascular Disease

Transcript

1. CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
2. Blood Pressure What is Cardiovascular Disease? TABLE OF CONTENTS Nutrition Exercises Prevention Diabetes 1 2 3 4 5 6
3. ABOUT CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 1
4. 1. How would you define cardiovascular (heart) health? 2. What are some things you think could affect your cardiovascular health? 3. What are some things you could do to maintain good cardiovascular health? Chat with those around you… NEXT PREV
5. “Cardiovascular health refers to the health of the heart and blood vessels” (National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, 2024) NEXT PREV
6. SYMPTOMS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Lower body… ➔ Swollen legs, ankles or belly ➔ Skin rashes NEXT PREV Heart… ➔ Chest pain ➔ Racing or slow heartbeat ➔ Feeling short of breath when resting Head… ➔ Lightheadedness ➔ Dizziness ➔ Fainting ➔ Tiredness
7. POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Digestion… ➔ Diarrhea, nausea and/or vomiting after meals NEXT PREV Heart… ➔ Low or high blood pressure ➔ Increased risk of heart attack and stroke Brain… ➔ Problems with memory, learning and judgement ➔ Increased risk of dementia
8. OVERVIEW OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2 Key Risk Factors ➔ High blood pressure ➔ High cholesterol ➔ Smoking ➔ Diabetes ➔ Unhealthy diet ➔ Physical inactivity 3 Treatment ➔ Decreasing/stopping smoking ➔ Reducing salt in diet ➔ Eating more fruits and vegetables ➔ Reducing alcohol consumption 1 Population ➔ Cardiovascular disease is the #1 cause of death in the United States across men, women and racial/ethnic groups ➔ 22.6% of deaths among Black populations NEXT PREV
9. PREVENTING CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE 2
10. PREVENTION 1 Food Eat fruits and vegetables, avoid lots of salt or sugar 2 Check blood pressure High blood pressure is bad for the heart 3 Move your body! Walking is an easy way to get some activity 4 Don’t smoke Smoking is not healthy for the heart (CDC, 2023)
11. PREVENTION 5 Be careful with medications Follow what your doctor says about anything prescribed 6 Talk to your doctor Ask questions and talk about any concerns you may have (CDC, 2023)
12. Let’s talk about Blood Pressure 3 NEXT PREV
13. WHAT IS BLOOD PRESSURE? NEXT PREV Blood pressure is a the pressure of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. Your arteries are what carry blood away from your heart. A normal blood pressure is represented by the numbers 120/80.
14. Why is blood pressure important? High Blood Pressure, also called hypertension, is when your blood pressure is higher than the normal standard. Frequent high blood pressure levels can increase your risk of getting heart disease, a heart attack, or a stroke. Causes of high blood pressure can be from unhealthy living choices like not exercising enough. If you have diabetes or obesity then these increase your risk of having high blood pressure. Having high blood pressure can hurt your organs like your heart, brain and eyes In order to find out if you have high blood pressure, you need to talk to your doctor.
15. DIABETES 4 Let’s Discuss What You Think Diabetes Is NEXT PREV
16. SO… WHAT IS DIABETES? NEXT PREV Diabetes is a health condition that affects how your body uses sugar, which is a source of energy from the food you eat. Normally, a special substance called insulin helps sugar enter your cells to provide energy. However, in diabetes, your body either doesn't produce enough insulin or can't use it well. This causes sugar to build up in your blood instead of being used by your cells, leading to high blood sugar levels.
17. HOW DO YOU THINK PEOPLE GET DIABETES? NEXT PREV Diabetes happens when your body has trouble using a natural thing called insulin. Insulin helps your body use sugar for energy. Sometimes, your body doesn't make enough insulin, or it can't use the insulin it makes very well. This can make the sugar in your blood get too high. Eating unhealthy foods with lots of sugar or not being active enough can make diabetes more likely. Sometimes, it's also because of things like family history or certain health conditions.
18. Tingling or Numbness Weight Loss Feeling Tired Irritability Thirst & Hunger Slowed Healing NEXT PREV SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DIABETES Blurred Vision Frequent Peeing
19. NEXT PREV Symptom Observation Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) The doctor might do a OGTT. It is when you drink a sugary drink, and then your blood sugar levels are checked before and after drinking it to see how your body handles sugar. Blood Tests The doctor might do some blood tests. One common test is called the "fasting blood sugar test." This involves not eating or drinking anything except water for several hours before the test. Then, they check your blood sugar level. HOW IS DIABETES DIAGNOSED? A1C Tests This measures your average blood sugar levels over the past few months. It's done with a simple blood test. Notify your doctor about any symptoms you might be having, like feeling very thirsty, needing to pee a lot, or feeling tired all the time.
20. 1 2 3 NEXT PREV 4 5 6 TREATMENT METHODS Monitor Blood Sugar Take Medication Insulin Therapy Change To A Healthy Diet Start Exercising Regularly Have Regular Check Ups
21. PREVENTION METHODS NEXT PREV Eat Healthy Exercise Don’t Eat Too Much Sugar Take Medication As Directed Check Blood Sugar Levels
22. RECOMMENDATIONS What Not To Do • Eat Too Much Sugar: Foods and drinks with a lot of sugar can make your blood sugar too high. Try to limit sweets like candy and soda. • Skip Meals: It's important to eat regular meals to keep your blood sugar steady. Don't skip meals, especially breakfast! • Forget to Tell a Professional: If you feel sick or something doesn't seem right, always tell a physician. They can help you if you need it. • Ignore Symptoms: If you feel thirsty a lot, need to pee more than usual, or feel very tired, tell a medical professional. These could be signs that your blood sugar is too high or too low. What To Do • Eat Healthy Foods: Choose foods like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. • Exercise Regularly: Try to be active for at least 60 minutes every day. Activities like walking, biking, or playing sports are great! • Take Medicines as Directed: If your doctor gives you medicine for your diabetes, be sure to take it exactly how they tell you to. • Check Blood Sugar: If your doctor says you need to, use a blood sugar monitor to check your blood sugar levels. It's important to know how much sugar is in your blood. NEXT PREV
23. NUTRITION 5 NEXT PREV
24. FOOD GROUPS FRUIT Vitamins A & C slow down the bad buildup in blood vessels VEGETABLES Fiber helps to lower blood pressure GRAINS Whole grains improve blood cholesterol levels PROTEIN Amino Acids give your heart more energy NEXT PREV DAIRY Vitamin K lowers the risk of CVD and Diabetes
25. PICKING THE BETTER CHOICES -- FRUIT VEGETABLES GRAINS PROTEIN DAIRY Pick these! Grapes, Berries, Apples, Avocadoes Tomatoes, Okra, Carrots, Onions, Lettuce, Potatoes Oats, Brown Rice, Quinoa Beans, Nuts, Fish, Eggs, Chicken, Turkey Milk, Cottage Cheese, Yogurt In Moderation Pasta, Bread Red Meat, Deli Meat, Bacon, Hot Dogs, Fried Chicken Butter, Ice Cream, Cream Cheese NEXT PREV
26. ACTIVITY: CHOOSE YOUR PLATE YOU GET TO PICK 5 ITEMS FOR DINNER: WHAT ARE YOU CHOOSING?
27. INCREASE HEALTHY CHOICES DECREASE UNHEALTHY CHOICES NEXT PREV IT’S ALL ABOUT BALANCE
28. EASY PREPARATION SWAPS NEXT PREV GRILL LIGHTER/LESS DRESSING OLIVE OIL Grilling is healthier than frying It’s easy to make a healthy meal unhealthy Olive Oil is healthier than cooking in butter or lard STEAM/ROAST AIR FRYER Instead of cooking with more fats Cuts out the need for a deep fryer
29. EASY RECIPE IDEAS
30. Exercises 6 NEXT PREV
31. BRAINSTORM… WHAT ARE SOME ACTIVITIES THAT KEEP YOUR HEART HEALTHY? NEXT PREV
32. 6 ACTIVITIES THAT PROMOTE GOOD CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH Walking Yoga Simple Arm Movements One of the simplest and most effective forms of cardiovascular exercise! Try doing it with friends! Yoga helps you relax and move your body, both help promote health Just get some motion in! Swimming Gardening Dance Class There are water aerobic classes or just swimming around in the water yourself Gardening works all of the major muscle groups! You can do a class in your home or go out with friends. This is a fun and energizing activity
33. NEXT PREV 1. What are some things to consider when trying cardiovascular health activities? 2. How long do you think these activities should be completed? How often? 3. Why is it important to include activities our weekly routines to keep our hearts healthy? Chat with those around you…
34. References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, March 21). Prevent heart disease. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/heartdisease/prevention.htm Gesualdo, M., Scicchitano, P., Carbonara, S., Ricci, G., Principi, M., Ierardi, E., Di Leo, A., Cortese, F., & Ciccone, M. M. (2016). The association between cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders: causal or casual link? Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0000000000000351 Mayo Clinic. (2022). Heart disease. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20353118 National Association of Chronic Disease Directors. (2024). Cardiovascular health. https://chronicdisease.org/page/cardiovascularhealth/ World Health Organization. (2024). Cardiovascular diseases. https://www.who.int/health-topics/cardiovascular-diseases#tab=tab_1 Zuo, W. & Wu, J. (2022). The interaction and pathogenesis between cognitive impairment and common cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease. doi: 10.1177/20406223211063020 Zhao C., Meng X., Li Y., Li S., Liu Q., Tang Q., & Li H. (2017 June). Fruits for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5490577/ Tang G., Meng X., Zhao C., Liu Q., & Li H. (2017 August). Effects of Vegetables on Cardiovascular Diseases and Related Mechanisms. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5579650/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, May 18). High blood pressure symptoms and causes. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/about.htm