n n X i=1 ( xi ¯ x )2 = r 1 n v u u t n X i=1 ( xi ¯ x )2 = r 1 n k x 0k ͱͳΓɺඪ४ภࠩϕΫτϧͷ͞ͷ Ұछͱߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ x 0 k x 0k = v u u t n X i=1 ( xi ¯ x )2 x’ k x 0 k
¯ y ) pP ( xi ¯ x )2 pP ( yi ¯ y )2 ૬ؔ ࣜΛΑ͘ݟͯΈΔͱɺ = x 0 · y 0 k x 0kk y 0k = cos ✓ ੵͷఆ͔ٛΒ DPTВͩʂ ͋Εɺ͜Εͬͯʁ θ x’ y’ σʔλOͷͱ͖ɺO࣍ݩͷ ߴ࣍ݩۭؒͷ̎ຊͷϕΫτϧ ͱݟͳ͢ ฏۉΛҾ͍ͯத৺Λଗ͑ͯ͋Δ͜ͱʹҙ
¯ y ) pP ( xi ¯ x )2 pP ( yi ¯ y )2 ૬ؔ = x 0 · y 0 k x 0kk y 0k = cos ✓ ̎ͭͷσʔλؒͷ૬ؔؔΛද͢ʮ૬ؔʯ σʔλΛϕΫτϧͱͯ͠ଊ͑ΔͱɺO࣍ݩ্ۭؒͷ ̎ຊͷϕΫτϧͷؒͷ֯ͱଊ͑Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ͨɻ θ x’ y’
0k2 = x 0 k x 0k2 · y 0 ͜ͷ̎ͭͷϕΫτϧͷੵͱ ߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ x’ y’ θ = x 0/k x 0k ˆ = x 0 k x 0k2 · y 0 x’ʹର͢Δy’ͷࣹӨͷ ͞Ͱ͋Δͱߟ͑ΒΕΔɻ ˆ = 1 k x 0k k x 0kk y 0k cos ✓ = k y 0k cos ✓ = 1 k x 0k x 0 k x 0k · y 0 ͞