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Functional Programming with Clojure
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James Hughes
September 23, 2014
Programming
1
100
Functional Programming with Clojure
WWCB Clojure session
James Hughes
September 23, 2014
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Transcript
======================================== ! FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING WITH CLOJURE ! ========================================
1. SIDE EFFECT FREE 2. IMMUTABILITY 3. FIRST CLASS FUNCTIONS
4. FUNCTION BASED CONTROL FLOW ======================================== FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING ======================================== [1] ========================================
[2] +-----------------------+ | IMPERATIVE SHELL | | | | +-------------------+
| | | FUNCTIONAL CORE | | | | | | | +-------------------+ | +-----------------------+
1. LISP DIALECT 2. JVM & JS TARGETS 3. DYNAMIC
4. HOMOICONICITY 5. IMMUTABILITY 6. PLATFORM INTEROP 7. SMALL POWERFUL CORE 8. CONCURRENCY ======================================== CLOJURE ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! SYNTAXING? ! ========================================
======================================== ! ======================================== 1 + 2
======================================== ! ======================================== (+ 1 2)
======================================== ! ======================================== add(1, 2)
======================================== ! ======================================== (add 1, 2)
======================================== ! ======================================== (add 1 2)
======================================== ! ======================================== 1 / 2 * 3
======================================== ! ======================================== (/ 1 (* 2 3))
======================================== ! CLOJURE BY EXAMPLE ! ========================================
➜ brew install leiningen ---------------------------------------- ➜ curl -Lo lein http://bit.ly/1m8fHx2
➜ chmod a+x lein ➜ ./lein ======================================== INSTALLING LEININGEN ======================================== ========================================
➜ lein repl ! nREPL server started on port ...
Clojure 1.6.0 ! user=> ======================================== THE REPL ======================================== ========================================
user=> (doc map) ; ------------------ ! user=> (find-doc "fold") ;
------------------ ======================================== THE REPL ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! DATA TYPES ! ========================================
(class 1) (class "Hello") (class 1.0) (class \H) (class true)
java.lang.Long java.lang.String java.lang.Double java.lang.Character java.lang.Boolean ======================================== DATA TYPES ======================================== ========================================
(class nil) (class (fn [] 1)) (class 5/3) (class :test)
(class 'a) nil clojure.lang.IFn clojure.lang.Ratio clojure.lang.Keyword clojure.lang.Symbol ======================================== DATA TYPES ======================================== ========================================
(class '(1 2)) (class [1 2]) (class #{1 2}) (class
{:a 1 :b 2}) clojure.lang.List* clojure.lang.Vector* clojure.lang.Set* clojure.lang.Map* ======================================== DATA TYPES ======================================== ========================================
(= __ true) (= __ (= 2 2/1)) (= :a
(keyword __)) (= __ (== 2.0 2)) (= __ (= "a" :a 'a)) (= __ (= 2 2/1)) (not= __ false) (= false (not __)) ======================================== POP QUIZ HOT SHOT ======================================== ======================================== [3]
======================================== ! LISTS, VECTORS & SETS ! ========================================
(list 1 2 3 2 1) (vector 1 2 3
2 1) (hash-set 1 2 3 2 1) '(1 2 3 2 1) [1 2 3 2 1] #{1 2 3} ======================================== LISTS, VECTORS & SETS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (count '(42))) (= __ (conj [1 2] 3))
(= __ (cons 1 [2 3])) (= __ (first [1 2 3])) (= __ (last [1 2 3])) ======================================== LISTS, VECTORS & SETS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (rest [1 2 3])) (= __ (nth [1
2 3] 2)) (= __ (peek [1 2 3])) (= __ (pop [1 2 3])) (= __ (rest [])) ======================================== LISTS, VECTORS & SETS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! MAPS ! ========================================
(hash-map {:a 1}) (hash-map {:a 1 :b}) { :a 1
} ERROR! ======================================== MAPS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (get {:b 2} :b)) (= __ ({:a 1}
:a)) (= __ (:a {:a 1})) (= __ (:b {:a 1})) (= __ (:b {:a 1} 2)) ======================================== MAPS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (count {:a 1})) (= __ (:b {:a 1}
2)) (= __ (assoc {:a 1} :b 2)) (= __ (dissoc {:a 1 :b 2} :a)) (= __ (dissoc {:a 1 :b 2} :a :b)) ======================================== MAPS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (contains? {:a nil :b nil} :b)) (= __
(keys {:a 1 :b 2})) (= __ (vals {:a 1 :b 2})) ======================================== MAPS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! FUNCTIONS ! ========================================
(def sq (fn [a] (* a a))) (defn sq [a]
(* a a)) (def sq #(* % %)) ======================================== FUNCTIONS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ ((fn [n] (* 5 n)) 2)) (= __
(#(* 15 %) 4)) (= __ (#(+ %1 %2 %3) 4 5 6)) (= __ (#(* 15 %2) 1 2)) (= 9 (((fn [] ___)) 4 5)) ======================================== FUNCTIONS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! CONDITIONALS ! ========================================
(= __ (if (false? (= 4 5)) :a :b)) (=
__ (if (> 4 3) [])) ======================================== CONDITIONALS ======================================== ========================================
(let [x 5] (= :your-road (cond (= x __) :road-not-taken
(= x __) :another-not-taken :else __))) ======================================== CONDITIONALS ======================================== ========================================
(let [choice 5] (= :your-road (case choice __ :road-not-taken __
:your-road :another-not-taken))) ======================================== CONDITIONALS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! LOOPING ! ========================================
(= __ (loop [v 1] (if-not (> v 5) (recur
(inc v)) v)) ======================================== LOOPING ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! HIGHER ORDER FUNCTIONS ! ========================================
(= [__ __ __] (map #(* 4 %) [1 2
3])) (= __ (filter nil? [:a :b nil :c :d])) (= __ (reduce * [1 2 3 4])) ======================================== HIGHER ORDER FUNCTIONS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! LAZY SEQUENCES ! ========================================
(= __ (range 1 5)) (= __ (range 5)) (=
[0 1 2 3 4 5] (take __ (range 100))) (= __ (take 20 (iterate inc 0))) (= [:a :a :a :a :a :a] (repeat __ __)) ======================================== LAZY SEQUENCES ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! USEFUL MACROS ! ========================================
(= __ (-> "a b c d" .toUpperCase (.replace "A"
"X") (.split " ") first)) ======================================== USEFUL MACROS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (->> (range) (filter even?) (take 10) (reduce +)))
======================================== USEFUL MACROS ======================================== ========================================
(= __ (try (/ 1 0) true (catch Exception e
false))) ======================================== USEFUL MACROS ======================================== ========================================
======================================== ! ATOMS ! ========================================
(let [my-atom (atom 1)] (= __ @my-atom) (swap! my-atom inc)
(= __ @my-atom) (reset! my-atom 4) (= __ @my-atom)) ======================================== ATOMS ======================================== ========================================
1. JAVA INTEROP 2. MACROS 3. DESTRUCTURING 4. RECORDS 5.
PROTOCOLS 6. COMPREHENSION 7. TRANSDUCERS 8. CLOJURESCRIPT ======================================== (REST CLOJURE) ======================================== ========================================
======================================== IT’S DANGEROUS TO GO ALONE… ======================================== ======================================== 1. CLOJURE
GRIMOIRE 2. WEIRD & WONDERFUL CHARACTERS OF CLOJURE 3. CLOJURE DOCS 4. CLOJURE FOR THE BRAVE AND TRUE
======================================== DEAD TREE EDITION ======================================== ======================================== 1. JOY OF CLOJURE
2ND EDITION 2. PROGRAMMING CLOJURE 3. FUNCTIONAL THINKING 4. STRUCTURE & INTERPRETATION OF COMPUTER PROGRAMS
======================================== ATTRIBUTION ======================================== [1]: http://bit.ly/learning-clojure [2]: http://bit.ly/destroy-all-software [3]: http://bit.ly/clojure-koans [4]:
http://bit.ly/clojure-gist ========================================