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Chaordic Learning: A Case Study

Chaordic Learning: A Case Study

Presentation at ICSE 2017

Stephan Krusche

May 25, 2017
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  1. [email protected] - www.skrusche.de - @skrusche
    ICSE 2017
    Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker (May 25, 2017)
    Chaordic Learning: A Case Study

    View Slide

  2. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    History of Software Development
    2
    Waterfall Model
    1970s
    Software Crisis
    1960s
    Chaos Order
    Agile Methods
    1990s
    Empirical
    Process
    Control
    Defined
    Process
    Control

    View Slide

  3. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Defined vs. Empirical Process Control
    3
    Empirical Process
    Not entirely planned
    Inspect and adapt
    Investigate deviations
    Defined Process
    Planned
    Follows strict rules
    Avoids deviations

    View Slide

  4. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Problem
    • Education focuses too much on rules,
    regulations and order
    • Instructors don’t want to lose control
    • Deviations are seen as failures
    • Focus on analytical and logical thinking 

    —> easier to grade
    ➡ “Creative teachers and students feel less and
    less in place” [Mulder 2015]
    ➡ Students only follow instructions, but do not
    use creative and intuitive thinking processes
    4

    View Slide

  5. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaord
    “Any self-organizing, adaptive, non-linear complex system, whether physical, biological,
    or social, the behavior of which exhibits characteristics of both order and chaos or loosely
    translated to business terminology, cooperation and competition.“
    — Dee Hock (1995)
    5
    Living systems thrive in a narrow band between
    chaos and order …
    CHAORD (kay-ord)
    ORDER
    CHAOS CONTROL

    View Slide

  6. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    6
    Living systems thrive in a narrow band between
    chaos and order …
    ORDER
    CHAOS CONTROL
    Theoretical learning
    Structure
    Experimental learning
    Self-organization
    Guidance
    Successful failures

    View Slide

  7. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning: Successful Failures
    7

    View Slide

  8. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning: Hierarchy
    8
    Instructor
    Students
    Cognitive apprenticeship

    View Slide

  9. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    9
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Iterative and adaptive design
    process with 6 elements

    View Slide

  10. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    10
    Purpose:
    • Define learning objectives
    • Create a common understanding
    • What do students aim to gain upon
    completion?
    • “Why are you here”

    View Slide

  11. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    11
    Principles:
    • Discuss fundamental beliefs
    • How do students and instructors
    conduct themselves?
    • How do students acquire new
    knowledge?

    View Slide

  12. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    12
    People:
    • Identify people and institutions
    • Encourage collaboration
    • Across program and institution
    boundaries
    • Appreciate the full context of the
    learning experience

    View Slide

  13. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    13
    Concept:
    • Create guidance for interaction among 

    the participants
    • Promote a generally flat hierarchy
    • Introduce support mechanisms

    View Slide

  14. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    14
    Structure:
    • Embed learning goals
    • Define flexible roles and responsibilities
    • Communicate milestones
    • Define grading scheme that encourages
    experimentation

    View Slide

  15. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices
    Chaordic Learning Environment
    15
    Practices:
    • Decide on activities and meetings
    students undertake
    • Promote innovation
    • Establish negotiation between
    instructors and students

    View Slide

  16. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Case Studies
    1)Seminar Games Development
    2)Joint Advanced Student School
    16

    View Slide

  17. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Case Study 1: Seminar Games Development
    17
    • Purpose: Develop and publish iOS games
    • Principles: Students choose own game idea
    • People: 2 instructors, 4-6 TAs, 40 students
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices

    View Slide

  18. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Case Study 1: Seminar Games Development
    18
    • Concept: Flat hierarchy with feedback in both directions
    • Structure: 90min tutorials in the 1st week and 

    self-organized games development in the 2nd week
    • Practices: Self-organized teams, milestones, 

    Pecha Kucha and social activities
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices

    View Slide

  19. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Case Study 2: Joined Advanced Student School
    19
    • Purpose: Develop apps for mobile and IoT
    • Principles: Students choose and adapt project topics
    • People: 2 instructors, 10 German and 

    10 Russian students Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices

    View Slide

  20. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Case Study 2: Joined Advanced Student School
    20
    • Concept: Flat hierarchy with feedback in both directions
    • Structure: 4 days development, 2 days sightseeing
    • Practices: Self-organized teams, daily stand-ups 

    and social activities Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices

    View Slide

  21. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Benefits of Chaordic Learning
    + Increased intrinsic motivation
    + Increased self-organization
    + Less hierarchies
    + More trust
    + More experimentation
    + More creativity
    + More fun
    21

    View Slide

  22. Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker - Chaordic Learning: A Case Study
    Summary: Chaordic Learning
    • Empower students to take more control
    • Apply empirical control: inspect and adapt
    • Leave room for creativity 

    and self-organization
    • Allow students to make failures 

    and to learn from them
    22
    Instructor
    Students
    Chaordic Learning
    Environment
    Purpose
    Principles
    People
    Structure
    Concept
    Practices

    View Slide

  23. [email protected] - www.skrusche.de - @skrusche
    ICSE 2017
    Stephan Krusche, Bernd Bruegge, Irina Camilleri, Kirill Krinkin, Andreas Seitz and Cecil Wöbker (May 25, 2017)
    Chaordic Learning: A Case Study

    View Slide