Code Surgery: Refactoring for a Healthy App

This session dives into the art of code refactoring, helping you identify and fix common code issues to create a healthier, more efficient app.

Transcript

1. Code Surgery: Refactoring for a Healthy App Love Otudor Android Developer and Technical Writer, Frontendlabs
2. - Martin Fowler Whenever I have to think to understand what the code is doing, I ask myself if I can refactor the code to make that understanding more immediately apparent
3. What is Code Refactoring?
4. Restructuring existing code without altering its external behavior.
5. Refactoring improve the code's: 1. Internal design 2. Readability 3. Maintainability
6. Why Refactor Your Code?
7. Why Refactor Your Code? 1. Easy to read and understand.
8. Why Refactor Your Code? 1. Easy to read and understand. 2. Improved Maintainability.
9. Why Refactor Your Code? 1. Easy to read and understand. 2. Improved Maintainability. 3. Reduced Bugs and Code Smells.
10. Why Refactor Your Code? 1. Easy to read and understand. 2. Improved Maintainability. 3. Reduced Bugs and Code Smells. 4. Improved Team Collaboration.
11. Code smells are indicators of potential problems in your codebase.
12. Examples of code smells: 1. Long methods. 2. Duplicate code. 3. God classes. 4. Long parameter lists. 5. Magic Numbers. 6. Nested Conditional Statements (if-else hell)
13. Challenges of Refactoring
14. Challenges of Refactoring 1. Time Constraints.
15. Challenges of Refactoring 1. Time Constraints. 2. Fear of Breaking Things.
16. Challenges of Refactoring 1. Time Constraints. 2. Fear of Breaking Things. 3. Testing Overhead.
17. Challenges of Refactoring 1. Time Constraints. 2. Fear of Breaking Things. 3. Testing Overhead. 4. Lack of Awareness.
18. Challenges of Refactoring 1. Time Constraints. 2. Fear of Breaking Things. 3. Testing Overhead. 4. Lack of Awareness. 5. Legacy Code.
19. Refactoring Techniques
20. Refactoring Techniques 1. Composing Methods. 2. Moving Features between Objects. 3. Organizing Data. 4. Dealing with Generalization. 5. Simplifying Conditional Expressions.
21. Refactoring Best Practices
22. Refactoring Best Practices 1. Understand the code.
23. Refactoring Best Practices 1. Understand the code. 2. Refactor in small, incremental steps to minimize the risk of regressions.
24. Refactoring Best Practices 1. Understand the code. 2. Refactor in small, incremental steps to minimize the risk of regressions. 3. Write unit tests before refactoring to ensure functionality is preserved.
25. Refactoring Best Practices 4. Document your changes to keep your team informed and maintain code clarity.
26. Refactoring Best Practices 4. Document your changes to keep your team informed and maintain code clarity. 5. Automate wherever possible.
27. Refactoring Best Practices 4. Document your changes to keep your team informed and maintain code clarity 5. Automate wherever possible. 6. Fix software defects separately.
28. Refactoring Best Practices 4. Document your changes to keep your team informed and maintain code clarity 5. Automate wherever possible. 6. Fix software defects separately. 7. Refactor first before adding updates or new features to existing code to reduce technical debt.
29. Some Practice
30. Long methods Break down to smaller, focused methods with clear responsibilities. Each method should ideally handle a single step or subtask within the overall functionality
31. God classes 1. Break down the class into smaller, focused classes based on functionality. 2. Utilize delegation to distribute responsibilities across multiple classes.
32. Long Parameter Lists 1. Create data classes or helper objects to group related parameters. 2. Utilize default parameter values for optional parameters. 3. Consider builder pattern for complex object creation with many parameters.
33. Magic Numbers 1. Define constants or static variables with clear and descriptive names for these values. 2. Use configuration files or resource bundles to store these values.
34. If-Else Hell 1. Utilize the when expression for handling multiple conditions in a cleaner and more readable way. 2. Refactor complex logic into separate functions or use the Strategy pattern.
35. Some Refactoring Tools 1. IDE’s: Android Studio, IntelliJ IDEA, etc. 2. JRefactor. 3. SourceMage. 4. CodeRush (for Visual Studio). 5. Refactoring.Guru.
36. Thank You !
37. Questions? @lamouresparus Love Otudor