プログラミング言語Rust @ GrandFrontend Osaka 2016

Transcript

1. ϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠRust
   ͓ͷ͏͑@_likr
   

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2. ࣗݾ঺հ
   • ͓ͷ͏͑ (@_likr)
   • ژ౎େֶ ֶࡍ༥߹ڭҭݚڀਪਐηϯλʔ

   ੓ࡦͷͨΊͷՊֶϢχοτ ಛఆॿڭ
   • ng-kyotoΦʔΨφΠβʔɺGDGਆށελοϑ
   • ՄࢹԽɺ࠷దԽɺΞϧΰϦζϜͷݚڀ
   • WebϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃ
   

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3. ϓϩάϥϜʹ͸ةݥ͕જΜͰ͍Δ
   

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4. ҙਤ͠ͳ͍ܕͷૢ࡞
   1 console.log(2 * 3 + 4) // 10
   2 console.log(2 * 3 + '4') // 64
   

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5. ͍ͭมߋ͞ΕΔ͔Θ͔Βͳ͍
   1 const d3 = require('d3')
   2
   3 const nodes = [{name: 'A'}, {name: 'B'}]
   4 const links = [{source: 0, target: 1}]
   5 d3.forceSimulation(nodes)
   6 .force('link', d3.forceLink(links))
   7
   8 console.log(nodes)
   9 // [
   10 // {name: 'A', index: 0, x: 0, y: 0, vy: 0, vx: 0},
   11 // {name: 'B', index: 1, x: -7.373688780783198, …
   12 // ]
   13 console.log(links)
   14 // [{
   15 // source: {name: 'A', index: 0, x: 0, y: 0, vy: 0, …
   16 // target: {name: 'B', index: 1, x: …
   17 // index: 0
   18 // }]
   

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6. ฒྻ؀ڥͰͷڝ߹ঢ়ଶ
   1 const state = {value: 0}
   2
   3 const request = (url) => {
   4 const currentValue = state.value
   5 window.fetch(url)
   6 .then((response) => response.json())
   7 .then((data) => {
   8 state.value = currentValue + data.value
   9 console.log(state.value)
   10 })
   11 }
   12
   13 request('value.json')
   14 request('value.json')
   15 request('value.json')
   16 request('value.json')
   17 request('value.json')
   

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7. ةݥ͕ةͳ͍
   

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8. ҆શͳϓϩάϥϜΛॻ͘ʹ͸Ͳ͏ͨ͠Βʁ
   ॻ͖΍ͯ͘͢ߴ଎ͩͱͳ͓خ͍͠
   

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9. JavaScriptͷ͜ͱ͸๨Εͯɺ
   

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10. Rust
    

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11. Rust
    • Mozilla͕։ൃ͢ΔγεςϜϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠ
    • https://www.rust-lang.org/
    • ࠷৽όʔδϣϯ 1.11.0
    • 6िؒͷϦϦʔεαΠΫϧ
    • ࠾༻ϓϩμΫτ
    • https://github.com/servo/servo
    • https://github.com/redox-os/redox
    

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12. Rustͷಛ௃
    • ܕ҆શ
    • OwnershipɺLifetimesɺMutability
    • ϝλϓϩάϥϛϯά
    • GenericsɺTraitɺMacros
    • ύϑΥʔϚϯε
    • Low runtime overheadɺMulti threadɺSIMD
    

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13. Getting Started
    

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14. Install
    • Installer
    • https://www.rust-lang.org/
    • rustup
    • https://www.rustup.rs/
    • RustͷόʔδϣϯϚωʔδϟ
    • σΟϨΫτϦຖʹ΋όʔδϣϯઃఆՄೳ
    

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15. Rustup
    $ curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
    $ source ~/.cargo/env
    $ rustup install nightly
    $ rustup default nightly
    $ rustc --version
    

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16. Hello World
    $ rustc hello.rs
    $ ./hello
    Hello, world!
    1 fn main() {
    2 println!("Hello, world!");
    3 }
    IFMMPST
    

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17. Cargo
    • Rust༻ύοέʔδϚωʔδϟ
    • ίϚϯυ
    • ϓϩδΣΫτ࡞੒
    • Ϗϧυ / υΩϡϝϯτੜ੒
    • ࣮ߦ / ςετ / ϕϯνϚʔΫ
    • ഑෍
    

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18. Hello World with Cargo
    $ cargo new --bin hello
    $ cd hello
    $ cargo run
    Compiling hello v0.1.0 (…)
    Running `target/debug/hello`
    Hello, world!
    

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19. IronͰWebΞϓϦ
    • Iron : RustͷαʔόαΠυWebϑϨʔϜϫʔΫ
    • http://ironframework.io/
    $ cargo new --bin iron-example
    $ cd iron-example
    

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20. IronͰWebΞϓϦ
    1 extern crate iron;
    2
    3 use iron::prelude::*;
    4 use iron::status;
    5
    6 fn main() {
    7 fn hello_world(_: &mut Request) -> IronResult {
    8 Ok(Response::with((status::Ok, "Hello World!")))
    9 }
    10
    11 Iron::new(hello_world).http("localhost:3000").unwrap();
    12 println!("On 3000");
    13 }
    1 [package]
    2 name = "iron-example"
    3 version = "0.1.0"
    4 authors = ["Yosuke ONOUE "]
    5
    6 [dependencies]
    7 iron = "*"
    $BSHPUPNM
    TSDNBJOST
    

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21. IronͰWebΞϓϦ
    $ cargo run
    Compiling winapi v0.2.8
    Compiling unicode-normalization v0.1.2
    Compiling semver v0.1.20
    …
    Compiling iron-example v0.1.0 (…)
    Running `target/debug/iron-example`
    On 3000
    

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22. Syntax
    

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23. Variable Bindings
    1 fn main() {
    2 let a = 42;
    3 let b = 8.3;
    4 let c = true;
    5 let d = "hello";
    6 let e = [1, 2, 3];
    7 let f = (4, "5");
    8
    9 println!("{} {} {} {} {:?} {:?}", a, b, c, d, e, f);
    10 // 42 8.3 true hello [1, 2, 3] (4, "5")
    11 }
    

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24. Mutability
    1 fn main() {
    2 let a = [1, 2, 3];
    3 // error
    4 // a = [4, 5, 6];
    5 // a[1] = 83;
    6
    7 let mut b = [1, 2, 3];
    8 b = [4, 5, 6];
    9 b[1] = 83;
    10
    11 println!("{:?} {:?}", a, b);
    12 }
    

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25. Functions
    1 fn print_hello() {
    2 println!("Hello");
    3 }
    4
    5 fn print_twice(x: i32) {
    6 let y = x * 2;
    7 println!("{}", y);
    8 }
    9
    10 fn twice(x: i32) -> i32 {
    11 x * 2
    12 }
    13
    14 fn main() {
    15 print_hello();
    16 print_twice(5);
    17 println!("{}", twice(5));
    18 }
    

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26. if … else …
    1 fn main() {
    2 let x = 83;
    3
    4 if x >= 0 {
    5 println!("positive");
    6 } else {
    7 println!("negative");
    8 }
    9
    10 let y = if x % 3 == 0 {
    11 "red"
    12 } else if x % 3 == 1 {
    13 "green"
    14 } else {
    15 "blue"
    16 };
    17 println!("{}", y);
    18 }
    

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27. loop
    1 fn main() {
    2 let mut repeat = true;
    3 while repeat {
    4 println!("loop");
    5 repeat = false;
    6 }
    7
    8 let vals = [1, 2, 3];
    9 for x in vals.iter() {
    10 println!("{}", x);
    11 }
    12
    13 loop {
    14 println!("loop");
    15 break;
    16 }
    17 }
    

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28. match
    1 fn print_sign(x: i32) {
    2 match x {
    3 0 => println!("zero"),
    4 val if val > 0 => println!("positive"),
    5 _ => println!("negative"),
    6 }
    7 }
    8
    9 fn main() {
    10 print_sign(0);
    11 print_sign(83);
    12 print_sign(-10);
    13 }
    

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29. enum
    1 enum Shape {
    2 Rect (i32, i32, u32, u32), // (x, y, width, height)
    3 Circle {x: i32, y: i32, r: u32},
    4 Empty,
    5 }
    6
    7 fn print_shape(shape: Shape) {
    8 match shape {
    9 Shape::Rect (x, y, w, h) => println!("Rect {} {} {} {}", x, y, w, h),
    10 Shape::Circle {x, y, r} => println!("Circle {} {} {}", x, y, r),
    11 _ => println!("Other"),
    12 }
    13 }
    14
    15 fn main() {
    16 print_shape(Shape::Rect (10, -20, 50, 50));
    17 print_shape(Shape::Circle {x: -10, y: 0, r: 5});
    18 print_shape(Shape::Empty);
    19 }
    

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30. struct
    1 struct Point {
    2 x: i32,
    3 y: i32,
    4 }
    5
    6 fn main() {
    7 let a = Point {x: 10, y: 10};
    8 let mut b = Point {x: 20, .. a};
    9 println!("x = {}, y = {}", a.x, a.y);
    10 b.y = 40;
    11 println!("x = {}, y = {}", b.x, b.y);
    12 }
    

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31. method
    1 struct Point {
    2 x: f32,
    3 y: f32,
    4 }
    5
    6 impl Point {
    7 fn distance_from_origin(&self) -> f32 {
    8 f32::sqrt(self.x * self.x + self.y * self.y)
    9 }
    10 }
    11
    12 fn main() {
    13 let a = Point {x: 10.0, y: 10.0};
    14 println!("{}", a.distance_from_origin());
    15 }
    

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32. trait
    1 use std::ops::Add;
    2
    3 struct Point {
    4 x: f32,
    5 y: f32,
    6 }
    7
    8 impl Add for Point {
    9 type Output = Point;
    10 fn add(self, other: Point) -> Point {
    11 Point {x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y}
    12 }
    13 }
    14
    15 fn main() {
    16 let a = Point {x: 10.0, y: 10.0};
    17 let b = Point {x: 20.0, y: 30.0};
    18 let c = a + b;
    19 println!("x = {}, y = {}", c.x, c.y);
    20 }
    

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33. generics
    1 use std::fmt;
    2
    3 struct Point {
    4 x: T,
    5 y: T,
    6 }
    7
    8 impl fmt::Display for Point {
    9 fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
    10 write!(f, "({}, {})", self.x, self.y)
    11 }
    12 }
    13
    14 fn main() {
    15 let a = Point {x: 10, y: 10};
    16 let b = Point {x: 2.5, y: 8.3};
    17 let c = Point {x: "1", y: "2"};
    18 println!("{} {} {}", a, b, c);
    19 }
    

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34. More …
    • Standard Library
    • optionɺiterɺopsɺcmpɺ…
    • VecɺLinkedListɺHashMapɺHashSetɺ…)
    • BoxɺCellɺRcɺ…
    • Concurrency
    • threadɺOwnership
    

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35. Rustͷ఩ֶ
    • ίϯύΠϧ࣌ʹܾΊΒΕΔ͜ͱ͸ՄೳͳݶΓܾΊΔ
    • ܕͷϝϞϦαΠζ
    • ϝιουͷσΟεύον
    • ϦιʔεͷϥΠϑαΠΫϧ؅ཧ
    • ࣮ߦ࣌Φʔόʔϔουͷ࡟ݮ
    

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36. ·ͱΊ
    • Rust͸ߴ͍ϙςϯγϟϧΛൿΊͨϞμϯͳϓϩάϥϛϯάݴޠ
    • ڧ͍੩తܕ෇͚
    • ߴ౓ͳந৅Խ
    • Ϟμϯͳݴޠػೳ
    • RustΛֶΜͰ҆શͰߴੑೳͳϓϩάϥϛϯάΛ͠Α͏ʂ
    

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37. Learn More
    • https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/
    • https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/
    • http://rustbyexample.com/
    • https://crates.io/
    

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38. Enjoy Rust !
    Thank you ?
    

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39. ͑ʁ
    

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40. ϑϩϯτΤϯυͷ࿩͠ΖΑʁ
    

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41. RustͰϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃ
    • RustίϛϡχςΟ͸WebAssemblyରԠʹੵۃత
    • ҆શੑɺ଎౓໘ͷϝϦοτ
    • ΦϨͷߟ͑ͨ࠷ڧͷ࣍ੈ୅ϑϩϯτΤϯυ։ൃ

    Rust & Emscriptenͷ࿩

    https://speakerdeck.com/likr/rust-and-emscriptenfalsehua
    • asm.jsͱWebAssembly࣮ͬͯࡍͳΜͳͷʁ

    http://www.slideshare.net/likr/asmjswebassembly
    

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42. asm.jsͱWebAssembly
    • asm.js
    • ϒϥ΢β্Ͱߴ଎ಈ࡞ՄೳͳJavaScriptͷαϒηοτ
    • MozillaͷओಋͰීٴ
    • WebAssembly
    • ϒϥ΢β্Ͱ࣮ߦՄೳͳόΠφϦϑΥʔϚοτ
    • asm.jsͷܽ఺Λࠀ෰
    • ֤ϒϥ΢βϕϯμ౳͕ڠۀͰ࢓༷ࡦఆ
    

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43. Emscripten
    • http://emscripten.org/
    • C/C++ to asm.js compiler
    • LLVMϕʔε
    • WebGLαϙʔτ
    • Unity͔ΒͷWebग़ྗ
    • WebAssemblyαϙʔτ (experimental)
    

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44. Rust to asm.js / WebAssembly
    • ASM.JS code Using Rust and Emscripten

    http://ashleysommer.com.au/how-to/articles/asm-js-code-using-
    rust-and-emscripten
    • Dockerfile

    https://github.com/likr/docker-rust-emscripten
    • binaryen

    Compiler infrastructure and toolchain library for WebAssembly,
    in C++

    https://github.com/WebAssembly/binaryen
    • mir2wasm

    An experimental compiler from Rust to WebAssembly

    https://github.com/brson/mir2wasm
    

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45. WebAssemblyͷରԠঢ়گ
    • Chrome
    • chrome://flags/#enable-webassembly
    • Firefox
    • about:config javascript.options.wasm
    ΋͏ԕ͍ະདྷͷٕज़Ͱ͸ͳ͍ʂ
    

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46. Ͳ͜ʹ࢖͏ʁ
    • ϦονͳάϥϑΟοΫεͷήʔϜ
    • σʔλϏδϡΞϥΠθʔγϣϯπʔϧ
    • Պֶٕज़γϛϡϨʔγϣϯ
    • ը૾ɺԻ੠ɺಈըͷॲཧ
    • Τϯίʔυɺσίʔυ
    8FCΞϓϦͷՄೳੑΛ޿͛Δʂ
    

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47. ·ͱΊ
    • Rust͸͍͍ͧ
    • WebAssemblyͷ࣮૷͸ண࣮ʹਐΜͰ͍Δ
    • RustͰWebͷ෦඼Λ࡞ΕΔະདྷ͸ͦ͏ԕ͘ͳ͍ʢ͔΋
    • ະདྷʹඋ͑Α͏
    • ͨ·ʹ͸WebͷະདྷΛߟ͑ͯΈΔͷ͸͍͔͕ʁ
    

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48. ະདྷͰձ͍·͠ΐ͏
    Thank you !
    

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