Project PLATEAU2OSM 2025 : How to Complete Japan’s Building Mapping in One Year? Strategies for Integrating PLATEAU Data into OSM.

State of the Map 2025 Manila
General Talk session on 2025-10-05

Taichi Furuhashi a.k.a. @mapconcierge
Chairman of Project PLATEAU’s Advisory board
Aoyama Gakuin University / Politechnico di Milano

Yu Hayashi a.k.a. @hayashi
OpenStreetMap Japan

© CC BY-SA 4.0

Transcript

1. How to Complete Japan ’ s Building Mapping in One Year? Strategies for Integrating PLATEAU Data into OSM: Taichi Furuhashi a.k.a. @mapconcierge Chairman of Project PLATEAU’s Advisory board Aoyama Gakuin University / Politechnico di Milano Project PLATEAU2OSM 2025 Yu Hayashi a.k.a. @hayashi OpenStreetMap Japan
2. @mapconcierge ʹ
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6. 1. Introduction 2. Methods 3. Results 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion
7. 1. Introduction 2. Methods 3. Results 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion Chairman of Project PLATEAU’s Advisory board
8. 8 What is PLATEAU ?
9. 9 Mille Plateau Gilles Deleuze δϧɾυΡϧʔζ Pierre-Félix Guattari ϐΤʔϧʹϑΣϦοΫεɾΨλϦ ઍ ͷ ϓ ϥ τ ʔ "Project PLATEAU" is an open digital twin data originating from the Japanese government, named after "Mille Plateau" as a 3D city model in which diverse, autonomous, and decentralized systems are connected and continuous on a flat surface to gain resilience, rather than a unified structure aiming at one summit. シンボルマーク + ロゴタイプの組み合わせ B シンボルマークとロゴタイプを組み合わせる場合、その組み合わせ比率が決まっています。 組み合わせタイプを表記する場合は、提供データを使用してください。 B : ヨコ組み B : ヨコ組み　保護エリア A A/3 A/3 B : ヨコ組み　最小使用サイズ
11. Copyright © 2022 by MLIT. All rights reserved. PLATEAU VIEW3.0 PLATEAU VIEW3.0 is a web-based GIS composed of three subsystems: (1) a CMS for data management, (2) a VIEW for data visualization, and (3) an Editor for UI management. It provides the following features without the need for coding: (1)Data management including uploading, editing, quality inspection, and conversion of 3D city models (CMS) (2)Public access through a dedicated domain or internal use (VIEW) (3)Introduction of GUI settings and analysis functions in the viewer (Editor) With these functionalities, local governments officers can manage PLATEAU's data through web-based operations. They can publish it as a web GIS App for citizens or utilize it as internal reference material for discussions. 35
12. 12 https://github.com/Project-PLATEAU/PLATEAU-VIEW-3.0
14. Copyright © 2023 by MLIT. All rights reserved. 5 How are 3D city models different from other data? GoogleEarth CityGML Wall Surface Roof Surface Building Solid Station Geometory Semantics ・・・ Solid Polygon Polygon Composite Suface Composite Solid Polygon Polygon Solid ・・・ Polygon Building Part Roof surface Wall surface ・・・ Housing Door Window Building Part ・・・ Building installation Multi Surface Polygon Polygon Polygon Polygon ・・・ Geometory Semantics
15. Copyright © 2022 by MLIT. All rights reserved. 7 PLATEAU Standard Development of Standard Data Product Specification for 3D city models in Japan - The Standard Data Product Specification for 3D City Model was developed in March 2021 as Japan's first standard data model for 3D city model, which was updated by version 3.0 in March 2023. - The development of this standard document has resulted in the unification of the specifications, standards, and quality of 3D city models in Japan. - As a result, software development will be more efficient, knowledge will be shared, and data will be linked more easily. Standardization of 3D city model data products in Japan - The PLATEAU standard data specification is based on CityGML 2.0, an open format developed by an international standards organization OGC. - The PLATEAU standard is a localized standard unique to Japan that adds attribute information and detailed LOD definitions. Compatible with international standards - HTML version was released in 2022 to improve usability HTML version also available https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateaudocument/
16. 16 www.mlit.go.jpplateau
17. Copyright © 2023 by MLIT. All rights reserved. 10 Modules of the PLATEAU standard (version 3.0) 建築物モデル-Building 交通（道路）モデル-Transportation(Road) LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 交通（徒歩道）モデル-Transportation(Track) 交通（広場）モデル-Transportation(Square) LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD4 LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 橋梁モデル-Bridge LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD4 トンネルモデル-Tunnel LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD4 LOD0 車道 車道部 交通（鉄道）モデル-Transportation(Railway) LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 交通（航路）モデル-Transportation(Waterway) LOD0 LOD1 LOD2 PLATEAU Standard
18. Copyright © 2023 by MLIT. All rights reserved. 11 PLATEAU Standard Modules of the PLATEAU standard (version 3.0) 地下埋設物モデル-UtilityNetwork 地下街モデル-UndergroundBuilding LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 OtherArea LOD1 LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 ⽔部モデル-WaterBody LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 地形モデル- Relief LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD0 LOD4 LOD4 LandUse LOD1 UrbanPlanning Area LOD1 Disaster Risk area(flood) Disaster Risk area(landslide) 都市設備モデル-CityFurniture LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 植⽣モデル-Vegetation LOD1 LOD3 LOD2 LOD1 LOD1 LOD0 その他の構造物モデル-OtherConstruction LOD0 LOD1 LOD3 LOD2
19. Copyright © 2022 by MLIT. All rights reserved. Use in planning and simulation for urban planning, development and area management, consensus building, and in apps for the community. Use in disaster prevention planning and simulation, risk visualization, evacuation route apps, disaster prevention workshops. Used for creating metaverse spaces, XR tourism contents, tourism guide apps, advertising effectiveness simulations. Use for autonomous vehicles and drones for maps, OS and optimum route searches. Use for apps, XR tools, dashboards to support public participation in urban development and local activities Use for simulation of solar power generation, heat islands, ventilation, and area energy management. Use for apps for buildings and park facilities management, ageing simulation and management through IoT data. Development of technologies for segmentation and modelling of sensing data such as point clouds and integration with BIM. Creating digital twin-based solutions in diverse public and private sectors C r e a t i n g B e s t P r a c t i c e s f o r U s e C a s e s Urban Planning Disaster Management Revitalisation/Tourism Mobility/Robots Public participation Environment/Energy Infrastructure Digital twin tech 26
20. Copyright © 2023 by MLIT. All rights reserved. 22 Fostering Open Innovation Open Data - In Japan's website, the 'G-Spatial Information Center,' we probided 3D city models of about 200 cities (covering an area of about 20,000 km2) as open data. - By adopting open licenses such as CC BY 4.0, ODbL and ODC BY, we enable secondary use, modification, and commercial utilization, thereby promoting open innovation in various fields. Promotion of Open Data https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/open-data/ https://www.geospatial.jp/ckan/dataset/plateau Since the data was released in the FY 2020, it has consistently been the most downloaded data from the website.
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24. Three data access methods are available.
25. 1 Raw data as CityGML https://www.geospatial.jp/ckan/dataset?q=PLATEAU
26. https://github.com/Project-PLATEAU/PLATEAU-GIS-Converter
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28. 2 SDK for
 Unity/Unreal Engine https://github.com/Project-PLATEAU
30. 3 Via major map platforms https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/5302161 Test Area: Higashimurayama city
31. PLATEAU’s Site Policy https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/site-policy/
32. https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/site-policy/
33. https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/site-policy/ ODbL ODC BY
34. https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/site-policy/ ODbL ODC BY
35. https://dashboard.ohsome.org/#backend=ohsomeApi&groupBy=none&time=%2F2024-11-10T12%3A00Z%2FP1M&key=building&value=&types=way&measure=count&adminids=-382313
36. https://dashboard.ohsome.org/#backend=ohsomeApi&groupBy=none&time=%2F2025-08-20T11%3A00%3A00Z%2FP1M&key=building&value=&types=way&measure=count&adminids=-382313 
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37. There are approximately 38 million buildings in Japan.
38. There are approximately 38 million buildings in Japan. 25.9 / 38 = 68% https://www.zenrin.co.jp/product/category/gis/contents/building-statistics/ ʢ62%,2024ʣ
39. https://osm-analytics.org/
40. https://osm-analytics.org/
41. https://osm-analytics.org/ It is in a worm-eaten state.
42. https://osm-analytics.org/ It is in a worm-eaten state.
43. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MLIT_PLATEAU/imports_outline
44. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MLIT_PLATEAU/imports_outline Tagging Plans
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47. https://www.openstreetmap.org/user/ hayashi @hayashi
48. https://github.com/yuuhayashi/citygml-osm
49. 49 https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/learning/
50. 50 DJUZHNMPTN https://www.mlit.go.jp/plateau/learning/
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62. PLATEAU2OSM Import Manuals (In English/Japanese) https://github.com/yuuhayashi/citygml-osm/issues/97
63. https://github.com/yuuhayashi/citygml-osm/issues/97
64. https://github.com/yuuhayashi/citygml-osm/issues/94#issuecomment-1301339233
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71. https://openstreetmap.jp/node/993
72. https://osm-japan.slack.com/archives/C010L3KMRRQ/p1695095331141279?thread_ts=1694042924.569969&cid=C010L3KMRRQ
73. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/JA:MLIT_PLATEAU/imports_outline
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110. https://demo.f4map.com/#lat=33.1406288&lon=129.9002079&zoom=16&camera.theta=61.902&camera.phi=-81.829
111. Thank you for great contributions!
116. https://dashboard.ohsome.org/#backend=ohsomeApi&groupBy=none&time=%2F2025-08-20T11%3A00%3A00Z%2FP1M&key=building&value=&types=way&measure=count&adminids=-382313
117. https://dashboard.ohsome.org/#backend=ohsomeApi&groupBy=none&time=%2F2024-11-10T12%3A00Z%2FP1M&key=building&value=&types=way&measure=count&adminids=-382313
118. About two-thirds of Japan's buildings are now mapped. 2/3
120. 2025 Aug
121. Our goal(38 millions)
122. Our goal(38 millions)
123. Our goal(38 millions) 2028 Dec
124. Our goal(38 millions) 2026 Dec
125. Our goal(38 millions) 2026 Dec +12M
126. To complete the building imports within one year, we need to scale up to at least five times our current performance.
127. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MLIT_PLATEAU/imports_outline#Data_Merge_Workflow
128. https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/MLIT_PLATEAU/imports_outline#Data_Merge_Workflow 8contributors
129. 8contributors
130. 8contributors 40contributors ?
131. 8contributors 40contributors ? 20
132. We also aim to improve our import tools and more than double our performance.
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135. Our goal(38 millions) 2028 Dec
136. Our goal(38 millions) 2026 Dec
137. Our goal(38 millions) 2026 Dec +12M
138. We will complete PLATEAU importing project until end of 2026!
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