Responsive Web Typography @ WebExpo

Responsive Web Design done correctly is based upon content rather than actual device resolutions, and so typography should adapt to both layout and sizing across content breakpoints.

However, mere font sizing along the typographic scale based upon two-dimensional viewport @media queries is not enough.

Apart from setting the correct balance of the black and the white in letterforms and texts, there are other important factors such as reading distance, information density, screen sharpness and device orientation that also influence the reading process.

Learn to look at typography multidimensionally and enhance the overall responsive experience.

Transcript

1. RESPONSIVE WEB TYPOGRAPHY Marko Dugonjić @markodugonjic ! Prague, 2014
2. @markodugonjic marko@creativenights.com
4. Creative Nights
6. MENU
   —
   Variables
   Tools
   Experiments
   Process
7. — THE PROBLEM —
10. :/
11. media queries
    flexible layouts
    flexible images Responsive Experience
12. VARIABLES of the
    RESPONSIVE READING EXPERIENCE
    —
    reading distance
    viewport width (and height)
    content hierarchy
    information density
    pixel density
    device orientation
    screen aspect ratio
13. NARROW WIDE BIG SMALL TIM BROWN
    vimeo.com/56276418 FINE COARSE
14. NARROW WIDE FINE COARSE BIG SMALL TIM BROWN
    vimeo.com/56276418
15. 1
    READING DISTANCE
16. 0,26mm 1,3mm 71cm 350cm
17. Y X ?
19. // concept code
    ! if (distance < 30) {
    body.className = 'close';
    }
    ! if (distance > 30 && distance < 50) {
    body.className = 'medium';
    }
    ! if (distance > 50) {
    body.className = 'far';
    }
20. 2
    VIEWPORT WIDTH
21. Anything from 45 to 75 characters is widely regarded as a satisfactory length of line for a single-column page set in a serifed text face in a text size. The 66- character line (counting both le ers and spaces) is widely regarded as ideal. For multiple column work, a be er average is 40 to 50 characters.
    ! ROBERT BRINGHURST
    webtypography.net/Rhythm_and_Proportion/Horizontal_Motion/2.1.2/ “
22. ideal 66 max 75 min 45 < 40 chars screen width: 320px
23. Breakpoints should not be dictated by devices, but by content. Let the content decide when to expand and then adjust your designs.
    ! JEREMY KEITH
    lukew.com/ff/entry.asp?1393 “
24. Breakpoints should not be dictated by devices*, but by content. Let the cont*ent decide when to expand and then adjust your designs.
    ! HAT TIP TRENT WALTON
    trentwalton.com/2012/06/19/fluid-type/ “
25. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required.
26. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. • • • • • • • • • •
27. Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. ! qqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqqq dddddddddddddddddddddddddd Line height for each breakpoint is adjusted according to the line length rendered at that breakpoint. Short line lengths require tighter line spacing, because the reader’s eye doesn’t have to travel much to reach the next line of text. As line length gets longer, more line spacing is required. ! jjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj ŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠŠ q d j Š
28. /* under 45 chars */
    body { line-height: 1.4 }
    p { margin-bottom: 1.4em }
    ! /* 45–60 chars */
    body { line-height: 1.45 }
    p { margin-bottom: 1.45em }
    ! /* 60–75 chars */
    body { line-height: 1.5 }
    p { margin-bottom: 1.5em }
30. body { background: url(stripe-pattern.gif);
    }
31. /* vendor prefix omitted code */
    ! body { background-image: linear-gradient(top,
    #fff 0, #fff 95%, #f00 95%, #f00 100%);
    ! background-repeat: repeat;
    background-size: 24px 24px;
    }
32. /* short line lengths */
    body {
    line-height: 1.4em;
    background-size: 100% 1.4em;
    } ! /* medium line lengths */
    body {
    line-height: 1.45em;
    background-size: 100% 1.45em;
    } ! /* long line lengths */
    body {
    line-height: 1.5em;
    background-size: 100% 1.5em;
    }
33. LINE SPACE letter space, word spac, line space LETTER SPACE WORD SPACE LINE SPACE
34. letter space, word spac, line space LETTER SPACE WORD SPACE LINE SPACE
36. @media only screen
    and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
    p { letter-spacing: .01em; word-spacing: .01em; } }
    ! /* vendor prefix omitted code */
39. 3
    HIERARCHY
40. w e b t y p o g r p h y T h a n k y o u f o r t h e l o v e l y i n t r o d u c t i o n , R a f a l ! P l e a s e g i v e a w a r m r o u n d o f a p p l a u s e t o t h e o r g a n i z e r s . L e t m e a s k y o u s o m e t h i n g … H a v e y o u e v e r s a v e d a n a r t i c l e w i t h t h e i n t e n t i o n t o r e a d i t l a t e r o n a m o b i l e d e v i c e i n t h e p a r k a s s u m i n g t h a t i t s r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n i s a l l i t t a k e s f o r t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e r e a d i n g e x p e r i e n c e ? H a v e y o u e v e r b e e n d i s a p p o i n t e d w h e n y o u r e a l i z e d t h a t a r t i c l e s o n m o b i l e a r e h a r d t o r e a d b e c a u s e o f t h e p o o r l y c h o s e n l e t t e r s i z e a n d l a y o u t t h a t a p p e a r t o b e d i s p r o p o r t i o n a l t o t h e s c r e e n ? S o , w h y i s t h i s h a p p e n i n g ? H o w d o s u c h , o t h e r w i s e b e a u t i f u l r e s p o n s i v e d e s i g n s , e n d u p b e i n g s o p o o r l y e x e c u t e d o n m o b i l e ? T h e a n s w e r i s i n f a c t q u i t e c l e a r — s u c h w e b s i t e s w e r e d e v e l o p e d o n t h e d e s k t o p c o m p u t e r , w i t h d e s k t o p r e a d i n g d i s t a n c e , w i t h a _ d e s k t o p d o w n _ , r a t h e r t h a n a _ m o b i l e u p _ a p p r o a c h . I t ’ s o b v i o u s t h a t t h e c o r e r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n a r s e n a l o f m e d i a q u e r i e s , f l e x i b l e l a y o u t s a n d f l e x i b l e i m a g e s i s n o t s u f f i c i e n t . w e b t y p o g r p h y a j s d h j a h s g d T h a n k y o u f o r t h e l o v e l y i n t r o d u c t i o n , R a f a l ! P l e a s e g i v e a w a r m r o u n d o f a p p l a u s e t o t h e o r g a n i z e r s . L e t m e a s k y o u s o m e t h i n g … H a v e y o u e v e r s a v e d a n a r t i c l e w i t h t h e i n t e n t i o n t o r e a d i t l a t e r o n a m o b i l e d e v i c e i n t h e p a r k a s s u m i n g t h a t i t s r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n i s a l l i t t a k e s f o r t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e r e a d i n g e x p e r i e n c e ? H a v e y o u e v e r b e e n d i s a p p o i n t e d w h e n y o u r e a l i z e d t h a t a r t i c l e s o n m o b i l e a r e h a r d t o r e a d b e c a u s e o f t h e p o o r l y c h o s e n l e t t e r s i z e a n d l a y o u t t h a t a p p e a r t o b e d i s p r o p o r t i o n a l t o t h e s c r e e n ? S o , w h y i s t h i s h a p p e n i n g ? H o w d o s u c h , o t h e r w i s e b e a u t i f u l r e s p o n s i v e d e s i g n s , e n d u p b e i n g s o p o o r l y e x e c u t e d o n m o b i l e ? T h e a n s w e r i s i n f a c t q u i t e c l e a r — s u c h w e b s i t e s w e r e d e v e l o p e d o n t h e d e s k t o p c o m p u t e r , w i t h d e s k t o p r e a d i n g d i s t a n c e , w i t h a _ d e s k t o p d o w n _ , r a t h e r t h a n a _ m o b i l e u p _ a p p r o a c h . I t ’ s o b v i o u s t h a t t h e c o r e r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n a r s e n a l o f m e d i a q u e r i e s , f l e x i b l e l a y o u t s a n d f l e x i b l e i m a g e s i s n o t s u f f i c i e n t . # # M A N Y M O R E V A R I A B L E S A p a r t f r o m t h e o b v i o u s v a r i a b l e s — v i e w p o r t w i d t h a n d v i e w p o r t h e i g h t — t h e r e a r e o t h e r s , s u c h a s r e a d i n g d i s t a n c e , p i x e l d e n s i t y ( o r s c r e e n c r u d e n e s s ) , d e v i c e o r i e n t a t i o n a n d v i e w p o r t a s p e c t r a t i o , b u t a l s o t h e c o n t e n t h i e r a r c h y a n d i n f o r m a t i o n d e n s i t y . B e f o r e I e l a b o r a t e e a c h , l e t m e b r i e f l y e x p l a i n t h e r u l e s o f t h e p a r a g r a p h . # # # R e a d i n g d i s t a n c e T h e r e a r e t h r e e w h i t e s p a c e s i n s i d e t h e p a r a g r a p h t h a t a r e i n t e r d e p e n d e n t — t h e l e t t e r s p a c e , t h e w o r d s p a c e a n d t h e l i n e s p a c e . I f a n y o f t h e t h r e e i s c h a n g e d , a l l t h e o t h e r s s h o u l d b e r e a s s e s s e d , t o o . B y p r e s e r v i n g t h e w h i t e s p a c e h i e r a r c h y , w e c a n
41. 16 18 21 24 36 48 60 72
42. 16 18 21 24 36 48
43. 16 18 21 24 36 48
44. 16 18 21 24 36 48
45. /* short reading distance */
    p { font-size: 1rem; /* 16px */ }
    h3 { font-size: 1.125rem; /* 18px */ }
    h2 { font-size: 1.312rem; /* 21px */ }
    h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; /* 24px */ }
    ! /* medium reading distance */
    p { font-size: 1.125rem; /* 18px */ }
    h3 { font-size: 1.312rem; /* 21px */ }
    h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; /* 24px */ }
    h1 { font-size: 2.25rem; /* 36px */ }
    ! /* long reading distance */
    p { font-size: 1.312rem; /* 21px */ }
    h3 { font-size: 1.5rem; /* 24px */ }
    h2 { font-size: 2.25rem; /* 36px */ }
    h1 { font-size: 3rem; /* 48px */ }
46. modularscale.com
47. STYLE OPTIONS
    ! ! ALL CAPS SUBHEAD H2
    ! SMALL CAPS SUBHEAD H3
    ! Italic Subhead H4
48. SUBHEAD ONE Subhead Two SUBHEAD THREE On the opposite side, instead of progressively increasing font size for each heading level, especially as we now have such a vast selection of web fonts available and fonts are rendered with much more detail than before, we can use italics, small caps and all caps at the same letter size to establish text hierarchy. Add bolds into the mix, and you have a palette of at least
49. /* alternative small caps rules */
    ! h3 {
    font-family: small-caps-typeface;
    text-transform: lowercase;
    }
    h3 {
    font-feature-settings: "smcp"; /* OpenType */
    text-transform: lowercase;
    }
    h3 {
    font-weight: 500; /* if the weight exists */
    font-size: 80%; /* give or take */
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: .125em;
    }
    
50. Se ing Subheads with CSS
    blog.typekit.com/2013/07/25/se ing-subheads-with-css/
51. webdesign.maratz.com/lab/subheads/
52. 4
    INFORMATION DENSITY
53. 1 1 2 1 2
54. R e s p o n s i v e W e b T y p o g r a p h y T h a n k y o u f o r t h e l o v e l y i n t r o d u c t i o n , R a f a l ! P l e a s e g i v e a w a r m r o u n d o f a p p l a u s e t o t h e o r g a n i z e r s . R e s p o n s i v e W e b T y p o g r a p h y T h a n k y o u f o r t h e l o v e l y i n t r o d u c t i o n , R a f a l ! P l e a s e g i v e a w a r m r o u n d o f a p p l a u s e t o t h e o r g a n i z e r s . L e t m e a s k y o u s o m e t h i n g … H a v e y o u e v e r s a v e d a n a r t i c l e w i t h t h e i n t e n t i o n t o r e a d i t l a t e r o n a m o b i l e d e v i c e i n t h e p a r k a s s u m i n g t h a t i t s r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n i s a l l i t t a k e s f o r t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e r e a d i n g e x p e r i e n c e ? H a v e y o u e v e r b e e n d i s a p p o i n t e d w h e n y o u r e a l i z e d t h a t a r t i c l e s o n m o b i l e org izers izer izmn kjla9 jsf lkfo jfa R e s p o n s i v e W e b T y p o g r a p h y T h a n k y o u f o r t h e l o v e l y i n t r o d u c t i o n , R a f a l ! P l e a s e g i v e a w a r m r o u n d o f a p p l a u s e t o t h e o r g a n i z e r s . L e t m e a s k y o u s o m e t h i n g … H a v e y o u e v e r s a v e d a n a r t i c l e w i t h t h e i n t e n t i o n t o r e a d i t l a t e r o n a m o b i l e d e v i c e i n t h e p a r k a s s u m i n g t h a t i t s r e s p o n s i v e w e b d e s i g n i s a l l i t t a k e s f o r t h e b e s t p o s s i b l e r e a d i n g e x p e r i e n c e ? H a v e y o u e v e r b e e n d i s a p p o i n t e d w h e n y o u r e a l i z e d t h a t a r t i c l e s o n m o b i l e a r e h a r d t o r e a d b e c a u s e o f t h e p o o r l y c h o s e n l e t t e r s i z e a n d l a y o u t t h a t a p p e a r t o b e d i s p r o p o r t i o n a l t o t h e s c r e e n ? S o , w h y i s t h i s h a p p e n i n g ? H o w d o s u c h , o t h e r w i s e b e a u t i f u l r e s p o n s i v e d e s i g n s , e n d u p b e i n g s o p o o r l y e x e c u t e d o n m o b i l e ? T h e a n s w e r i s i n f a c t q u i t e c l e a r — s u c h w e b s i t e s w e r e d e v e l o p e d o n 1 1 2 1 2 organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga organizersj hjhgorganiz ersorga
55. LESS
    INFORMATION
    ! – style variations
    – indented paragraphs
    – white space MORE INFORMATION ! – typographic scale – block paragraphs – graphic elements
57. 5
    PIXEL DENSITY
58. fontbureau.com/ReadingEdge/
59. typography.com/cloud/welcome/
63. typonine.com
64. iA ALL, EXCEPT RETINA RETINA LANDSCAPE RETINA PORTRAIT ia.net/blog/responsive-typography/
65. @font-face {
    font-family: 'Typeface Name';
    src: url('Grade-A.woff') format('woff');
    }
    @media ... and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) {
    @font-face {
    font-family: 'Typeface Name';
    src: url('Grade-B.woff') format('woff');
    }
    }
    @media ... and (min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5)
    and (orientation: portrait) {
    @font-face {
    font-family: 'Typeface Name';
    src: url('Grade-C.woff') format('woff');
    }
    }
66. Comprehensive list of graded fonts
    typophile.com/node/81483
67. 6
    DEVICE ORIENTATION
68. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
69. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
70. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
72. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
73. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
74. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
75. HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’? HEY, HANDSOME! HOW YOU DOIN’?
76. HANDSOME! HANDSOME!
77. /* Illustration purpose code */
    ! @media ... and (orientation: portrait) {
    h1 {
    font-family: 'Typeface Width Variant';
    letter-spacing: -.1em;
    }
    }
    ! @media ... and (orientation: landscape) {
    h1 {
    font-family: 'Typeface Width Variant';
    letter-spacing: .1em;
    }
    }
78. font-to-width.com
82. ! ! – DIN
    – Franklin Gothic
    – Frutiger
    – Futura
    – Georgia Pro
    – Gill Sans
    – Helvetica
    – JAF Bernino ! ! – Minion Pro – Myriad Pro – Nimbus Sans – Open Sans – Proxima Nova – Roboto – Univers – … WEB FONTS available in multiple widths:
83. 7
    SCREEN ASPECT RATIO
85. A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6
86. bradfrost.github.io/this-is-responsive/index.html
87. — ALMOST DONE —
88. reading distance
    width and height
    content hierarchy
    information density
    pixel density
    device orientation
    screen aspect ratio
90. ! ! – reading distance
    – screen width
    – content hierarchy
    – information density
    – pixel density
    – device orientation
    – screen aspect ratio ! ! – device – environment – time – activity – individual – location – social CONTEXT IS MULTIFACETED CENNYDD BOWLES
    cennydd.co.uk/2013/designing-with-context
92. DĚKUJI!
    ! Marko Dugonjić @markodugonjic marko@creativenights.com
93. Credits
    ! Rhythm and Proportion, Robert Bringhurst,
    h p://webtypography.net/Rhythm_and_Proportion/Horizontal_Motion/2.1.2/
    ! Inside Paragraphs, Cyrus Highsmith,
    h p://insideparagraphs.com
    ! Graded fonts, Typophile,
    h p://typophile.com/node/81483
    ! Responsive Typography, The Basics, Information Architects,
    h p://informationarchitects.net/blog/responsive-typography-the-basics/
    ! Wrist, Palm, Lap, Desk, Wall, Luke Wroblewski,
    h ps://twi er.com/lukew/status/273453112902172672
    ! The EMs have it: Proportional Media Queries FTW!, Lyza Gardner,
    h p://blog.cloudfour.com/the-ems-have-it-proportional-media-queries- w/
    ! Photo: Empty park bench
    h p://www.flickr.com/photos/jonasb/21755140/
    ! Photo: Golden wedding
    h p://www.flickr.com/photos/crabchick/4056045781/