DeveloperUG 2013: Developing for iOS - When to do what and how

In this session we will look at the tools, framework and languages available to build applications for the iOS. The session will explore various development approaches for creating iOS apps including native, hybrid and web. Tools that we be covered include Xcode (ObjC), MonoTouch (C#) and other web-based and hybrid frameworks.

This session will also discuss development strategies to apply when targeting many devices.

Transcript

1. Developing for iOS - When to do what and how
   @martincronje
   martin@nreality.com
   

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2. agenda
   

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3. the market
   

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4. 7 billion mobile phones
   

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5. 1,5 billion smartphones
   

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7. why iOS?
   

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8. Android won, right?
   

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9. Android has 75% market share
   

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10. Platform
    Mobile OS
    2013[a]
    Mobile OS
    2017[a]
    App
    downloads
    2013[b]
    Web usage
    2013[c]
    3.9% 10.2% 3.7% 1.5%
    16.9% 17.9% 47.8% 54.91%
    75.3% 68.3% 48.6% 25.7%
    3.9% 3.6% - 17,89%
    Target platform (Global market share)?
    a) IDC Worldwide Mobile Phone Tracker, June 6, 2012
    b) XYO Global App Download Reports 1.0
    c) NetMarketShare Mobile Operating System Aug 2013
    …
    

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14. native vs. hybrid vs. web
    

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15. When you want the worst of both...
    Hybrid:
    

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16. != !=
    Hybrid…
    

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17. “The biggest mistake we’ve made as a
    company is betting on HTML5 over native.”
    Mark Zuckerberg
    

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18. When you want to extend your phone...
    Native:
    

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19. When you want cost-effective...
    Web:
    

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20. Approach characteristics
    User
    Experience
    Device
    Access
    Works
    offline
    Cost of
    ownership
    Reach
    Native Highest Yes Yes Highest Specific
    Cross Platform High Yes * Yes * High ** Common *
    Hybrid Low Yes * Partially * Medium ** Common *
    Web (Rich) Low Limited No Low 30%
    Web (Light) Lowest None No Lowest 80%
    * Depends on framework and approach chosen.
    ** Depending on support offered by relevant platform
    

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21. becoming an iOS developer
    

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22. Developing Apps for iPhone and iPad
    (Winter 2013)
    

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25. my setup
    

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26. My setup
    MacBook Pro 15”
    (Retina Display, 8GB RAM, i7, SSD)
    OSX Mountain Lion 10.8.4 Windows 8
    Xcode / AppCode
    Xamarin Studio
    Visual Studio 2012
    Xamarin Studio
    VMWare
    Fusion
    

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27. My software on OSX
    IDE Xcode, AppCode and Xamarin Studio
    Editors vi and Sublime
    Shell iTerm, zsh and oh-my-zsh
    Misc Homebrew, Alfred, AirMail, Fanstical and 1Password
    

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28. Objective-C
    

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29. Classes
    

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30. Methods
    [myObject insertObject:objectToInsert atIndex:0];!
    

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31. -(id)doYouKnowTheMuffinMan:(TheMuffinMan *)theMuffinMan;!
    

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32. Blocks
    int result = myBlock(4); // result is 28!
    

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33. Literals
    NSNumber *number;!
    !
    number = [NSNumber numberWithChar:'X'];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithInt:12345];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithUnsignedLong:12345ul];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithLongLong:12345ll];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithFloat:123.45f];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:123.45];!
    number = [NSNumber numberWithBool:YES];!
    number = @'X’;!
    number = @12345;!
    number = @12345ul;!
    number = @12345ll;!
    number = @123.45f;!
    number = @123.45;!
    number = @YES;!
    

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34. Literals
    dict = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:@[o1, o2, o3]!
    forKeys:@[k1, k2, k3]];!
    !
    dict = @{ k1 : o1, k2 : o2, k3 : o3 };!
    !
    !
    !
    !
    array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:a, b, c, nil];!
    !
    array = @[ a, b, c ];!
    !
    

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35. Automatic Reference Counting (ARC)
    

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36. ObjectiveC is a wild horse
    

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37. Cocoa
    

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38. MVC
    

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39. Notification centre
    

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40. Key-value observing
    

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41. Animated
    - (void)reset:(BOOL)animated {!
    if(animated) {!
    [UIView animateWithDuration:0.3f!
    delay:0.0f!
    options:(UIViewAnimationOptionCurveEaseIn)!
    animations:!
    ^{!
    self.front.alpha = 1.0;!
    self.front.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, width, height);!
    } completion:nil];!
    } else {!
    self.front.alpha = 1.0;!
    }!
    }!
    

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42. Tips
    

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43. Asynchronous Processing
    [NROperationQueue runInBackground:^() {!
    // Some long-running operation!
    [NROperationQueue runOnMain:^() { !
    // Update the UI !
    }];!
    }];!
    !
    !
    !
    @implementation NROperationQueue!
    + (void)runOnMain:(void (^)(void))block {!
    [[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperationWithBlock:block];!
    }!
    + (NSOperationQueue *)backgroundQueue {!
    return [self instance].backgroundQueue; // NSOperationQueue !
    }!
    @end!
    

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44. Factory Methods
    #import "ECMIncident.h"!
    #import "NSDictionary+Conversions.h"!
    !
    @implementation ECMIncident!
    !
    - (id)initFromJSON:(NSDictionary *)jsonObject {!
    if(self = [super init]) {!
    self.activity = [jsonObject stringForKey:@"activity"];!
    self.age = [jsonObject numberForKey:@"age"];!
    }!
    return self;!
    }!
    !
    + (ECMIncident *)incidentFromJSON:(NSDictionary *)dictionary {!
    return [[ECMIncident alloc] initFromJSON: dictionary];!
    }!
    !
    @end!
    

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45. Test-driven development
    -  (void)testShouldParseJsonIntoModel {!
    NSData *content = [self loadFile:@"incident.simple"];!
    !
    NSError *error = nil;!
    NSDictionary *jsonObject = [NSJSONSerialization !
    JSONObjectWithData : content!
    options : nil !
    error : &error];!
    !
    ECMIncident *incident = [ECMIncident incidentFromJSON: jsonObject];!
    !
    STAssertNotNil(incident, @"Expected populated object");!
    STAssertTrue([incident.summary isEqualToString:@"Foo Bar"]);!
    }!
    

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46. Some other tips
    •  Information hiding
    •  Singletons and dependency injection
    

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47. Frameworks
    

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48. Cocoapods
    $ gem install cocoapods!
    $ cat Podfile!
    platform :ios, :deployment_target => '6.0'!
    pod 'AFNetworking'!
    pod 'Objection'!
    pod 'Facebook-iOS-SDK'!
    pod 'OCHamcrest'!
    !
    $ pod setup!
    

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49. Frank
    Feature: General (Main)!
    Scenario: My details!
    !
    Given I logged in with "my-user-1" !
    And I wait for "Logging in…" to go away!
    When I touch the "My Details" table cell!
    Then I wait to see a navigation bar titled "My Details"!
    And I should see a table containing the following:!
    | Column 1 |!
    | Username | !
    | Email |!
    | First Name |!
    ...!
    When I type "Martin" into the Username text field!
    And I ...!
    

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50. Frank
    Then /^I wait to see a navigation bar titled "([^\"]*)"$/ do |expected_mark|!
    quote = get_selector_quote(expected_mark)!
    message = "waited to see a navigation bar titled #{quote}#{expected_mark}#{quote}"!
    wait_until( :timeout => 30, :message => message) {!
    element_exists( "navigationItemView marked:#{quote}#{expected_mark}#{quote}" )!
    }!
    end!
    !
    When /^I touch the "([^\"]*)" table cell$/ do |name|!
    touch("tableView view marked:'#{name}'")!
    end!
    !
    When /^I type "([^"]*)" into the ([^"]*) text field$/ do |value, field|!
    selector = "label marked:'#{field}' parent tableViewCell textField"!
    text_fields_modified = frankly_map(selector, "setText:", value )!
    raise "could not find text fields to update" if text_fields_modified.empty?!
    end!
    

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51. Frank
    Then /^I should see a table containing the following:$/ do |table|!
    !
    table.rows.each do |row|!
    selector = String.new!
    !
    row.each do |cell|!
    if selector.empty?!
    selector = "tableView view marked:'#{cell}'"!
    else!
    selector << " parent tableViewCell view marked:'#{cell}'"!
    end!
    end!
    check_element_exists( selector )!
    end!
    end!
    

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53. mono vs objective-c
    

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54. Development platform
    Platform IDE SDK Language OS
    Visual Studio Windows Phone C#, etc. Windows
    Xcode Cocoa Touch Objective-C OSX
    Eclipse Android Java All
    

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55. Development platform
    Platform IDE SDK Language OS
    Visual Studio Windows Phone C#, etc. Windows
    Visual Studio
    Xamarin Studio
    Cocoa Touch C#
    (Compiled to ObjC)
    Windows* /
    OSX
    Visual Studio
    Xamarin Studio
    Android C# Windows / OSX
    * OSX build server required
    

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56. Sharing Code
    Application Layer
    User Interface
    Android SDK
    Android SDK
    Cocoa Touch
    Cocoa Touch
    Win Phone SDK
    Win Phone SDK
    Shared
    - Model
    - Data Access
    - Business Logic
    - Service Access
    

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57. Android SDK
    Cocoa Touch
    Win Phone SDK
    Xamarin.Mobile
    App Layer
    Sharing Code
    UI
    Android SDK
    Cocoa Touch
    Win Phone
    SDK
    Shared
    Business
    Logic
    Adapter pattern
    View Controller
    

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