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コンテナと超個体型データセンターOS

 コンテナと超個体型データセンターOS

セキュリティ・性能・収容・運用技術からコンテナの未来を考える @ K-Ruby #22

2019/03/25
さくらインターネット株式会社
さくらインターネット研究所
上級研究員

松本亮介 / まつもとりー / @matsumotory

MATSUMOTO Ryosuke
PRO

March 25, 2019
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  1. ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτגࣜձࣾ
    (C) Copyright 1996-2019 SAKURA Internet Inc
    ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴ
    ίϯςφͱ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS
    2019/03/25 ্ڃݚڀһ দຊ ྄հ
    ηΩϡϦςΟɾੑೳɾऩ༰ɾӡ༻ٕज़͔ΒίϯςφͷະདྷΛߟ͑Δ @ K-Ruby #22

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  2. 2
    ɾ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴ ্ڃݚڀһ
    ɾגࣜձࣾGrooves Forkewll ٕज़ސ໰
    ɾϖύϘݚڀॴ ٬һݚڀһ ݚڀސ໰
    ɾηΩϡϦςΟɾΩϟϯϓߨࢣ
    ɾ৘ใॲཧֶձ Πϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ݚڀձ ֤छҕһ
    ɾژ౎େֶത࢜ʢ৘ใֶʣ
    দຊ྄հ / ·ͭ΋ͱΓʔ / @matsumotory

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  3. 3
    ɾ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷݚڀॴઃܭ
    ɾίϯηϓτɾϏδϣϯͷઃఆ
    ɾνʔϜͱͯ͠ͷݚڀ։ൃͷऔΓ૊Έํͷઃܭ
    ɾ࿦จࣥච΍৘ใऩूͷ࢓૊ΈΛGH:Eͱslack্Ͱ࢓૊ΈԽ
    ɾݚڀॴϝϯόʔ΍໾ׂͷઃܭ
    ɾ࠷ۙ͸Serverspecͷmizzy͞Μ΍k8sຊ࡞ऀͷ੨ࢁ͞ΜՃೖ
    ɾڞಉݚڀ΍ݚڀձͷԼ४උ
    ݚڀ։ൃҎ֎Ͱ࠷ۙ΍ͬͨ͜ͱ

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  4. 4
    1. എܠͱ໨త
    2. ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ
    3. ίϯςφͱ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS
    4. ·ͱΊ
    ໨࣍
    ※͜ͷݚڀʹج͍͍ͮͯ·͢: দຊ྄հ, ௶಺༎थ, ٶԼ߶ี, ෼ࢄܕσʔληϯλʔOSΛ໨ࢦͨ͠ϦΞΫςΟϒੑΛ࣋ͭίϯ
    ςφ࣮ߦج൫ٕज़, ৘ใॲཧֶձݚڀใࠂΠϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़ʢIOTʣ, No.2019-IOT-44, Vol.27, pp.1-8, 2018೥3݄.

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  5. 1.
    എܠͱ໨త

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  6. 6
    େن໛σʔληϯλʔͷूத
    • σʔληϯλʔͷେن໛Խͱूத
    • ίϯϐϡʔλϦιʔεͱίετͷޮ཰Խ
    • Ϋϥ΢υར༻͕͜͜਺೥Ͱਵ෼ͱଅਐ͞Ε͖ͯͨ
    • ٕज़എܠͷมԽʹ൐ͬͯOSS΍Ϋϥ΢υαʔϏε΋ٸ଎ʹมԽ
    • ιϑτ΢ΣΞ΍ϕϯμʔʹڧ͘ґଘ͠ͳ͍มԽʹڧ͍ઃܭ͕ٸ຿
    • αʔϏεͷػೳͷந৅Խͱૄ݁߹ͳઃܭ͕ීٴ
    • Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒɾϚϧνΫϥ΢υɾϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ

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  7. 7
    σʔληϯλʔͷूத͔Β෼ࢄ
    • Ϋϥ΢υΛલఏʹϞϊϦγοΫͳαʔϏεઃܭ͔ΒϚΠΫϩαʔϏεԽ΁
    • αʔϏεͷ֤ػೳΛখ͞ͳαʔϏεͱ࣮ͯ͠૷͠gRPC౳Ͱ࿈ܞ
    • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏε୯ҐͰͷଟ༷ͳνʔϜ։ൃ΍ӡ༻ͷޮ཰Խ
    • εέʔϦϯά΍ো֐࣌ͷӨڹͷہॴԽ
    • ϚΠΫϩαʔϏεؒͰͷଳҬෆ଍΍ϨΠςϯγʔͷ௿ݮ͕ٻΊΒΕΔ
    • େن໛σʔληϯλʔͷڑ཭ʢ౦ژͱੴङؒʣͰ΋ٞ࿦͕ੜ࢝͡ΊΔ
    • αʔό͚ͩͰͳ͘ηϯαʔ΍σόΠεͷߴ౓Խɾଟ਺ԽʹΑΔଳҬෆ଍

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  8. 8
    σʔληϯλʔػೳ͕ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΉະདྷ
    • ֤ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάػೳ͕ݸମͱͯ͠ػೳͭͭ͠૯ମͱͯ͠͸౷཰
    • ϥοΫϨϕϧͷίϯϐϡʔλ܈ɼEdge/FogίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάͳͲ
    • খɾதن໛σʔληϯλʔ͕ϋϒͱͳͬͯ݁Ռతʹશମ͕઀ଓɾߏ੒
    • ੜ׆ͷதͰਓʑ͕ίϯϐϡʔλͷΞγετΛৗʹड͚Δ࣌୅Λ໨ࢦ͢
    • ͍·͔ͩͭͯͳ͍ϚγϯύϫʔͱΠϯςϦδΣϯεͳػೳΛఏڙ
    • ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΉσʔληϯλʔػೳ͓ΑͼΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔ
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ͓ΑͼOSͱίϯηϓτΛఆΊΔ

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  9. 9
    ຊൃද
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔʹ͓͚ΔίϯηϓτͱϏδϣϯͷ঺հ
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOSʹඞཁͳཁ݅ͱ͸
    • ݱ࣮తͳWebΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛѻ͏ίϯςΩετͰ·ͣ͸ݕ౼
    • ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͕෼ࢄԽͨ͠ࡍͷίϯςφͷ͋Γํ
    • ηΩϡϦςΟɾੑೳɾߴूੵऩ༰ɾӡ༻ٕज़͔ΒݟΔίϯςφͷະདྷ
    • ίϯςφͷϦΞΫςΟϒੑͷॏཁੑΛٞ࿦

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  10. 2.
    ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ

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  11. 11
    ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷϑΥʔΧε


    T
    TF T
    AS
    T
    A
    A P
    A
    P
    R T
    T
    T
    RI
    V

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  12. 12
    ݱࡏͷΫϥ΢υ͚ͩͰ໰୊͕ղܾͰ͖ΔΘ͚Ͱ͸ͳ͍
    • ΑΓҰ૚ந৅ԽͷਐΜͩΠϯλʔωοτͷ༷૬ͷมԽ
    • Ϋϥ΢υωΠςΟϒʹΑͬͯ͞ΒͳΔσʔληϯλʔͷڊେԽ
    • தԝूݖతͳίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάͰ͸೉͍͠έʔε
    • ϨΠςϯγ͕େ͖ͯ͘൑அ͕ؒʹ߹Θͳ͍ϦΞϧλΠϜ͕ཁٻ͞ΕΔέʔε
    • ͋Δ͍͸σʔλ͕๲େͰଳҬ͕ෆ଍͢Δέʔε
    • ࠓޙΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔΛͲͷΑ͏ʹ׆༻Ͱ͖ΔੈքΛ໨ࢦ͢΂͖͔ʁ
    • ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷίϯηϓτͱϏδϣϯΛ࠶ఆٛ

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  13. 13
    ͘͞ΒΠϯλʔωοτݚڀॴͷϏδϣϯ

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  14. ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔ

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  15. 15
    ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔͷ੔ཧ
    1. ݱࡏ͸σʔληϯλʔʹڊେͳίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͕ଘࡏ͍ͯ͠·͕͢ɺ
    ࠓޙ͸ϨΠςϯγʗηΩϡϦςΟʗίετ౳ͷཁ͔݅Βɺ͋ΒΏΔ৔ॴ΍ࣾձɺ૊
    ৫ʹίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε༹͕͚ࠐΜͰ͍͘͜ͱʹͳΓ·͢ɻ
    2. ͦΕΒ෼ࢄͨ͠ίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάϦιʔε͸ɺ୯ಠͰίϯϐϡʔςΟϯάύϫʔ
    Λఏڙ͢Δʹཹ·Βͣɺͦͷ৔ॴ΍ࣾձͷཁٻʹԠͯ͡ɺࣗ཯తʹɺ෼ࢄ͋Δ͍͸
    ༗ػతʹ݁߹͠ɺݱ৔ɾΫϥ΢υͦΕͧΕ͕ॎԣʹ݁ͼ͍ͭͨϋΠϒϦουߏ଄Λ
    ࠾ΔΑ͏ʹػೳ͠·͢ɻ
    3. ͜ͷΑ͏ͳγεςϜʹΑΓ࣮ݱ͞ΕΔ΋ͷ͸ɺਓʑͷ਎ۙʹଘࡏ͠ɺϦΞϧλΠϜ
    ͔ͭΠϯςϦδΣϯεʹϢʔβΛࢧ͑ͳ͕Βɺ͔͠͠ಉ࣌ʹόοΫΤϯυଆ͕༗ػ
    తʹ݁߹͢Δ͜ͱʹΑΓɺ͔ͭͯͳ͍ϚγϯύϫʔͱϦιʔεྔΛಈһ͢Δ͜ͱͰ
    ݱ৔࠷ద͔ͭશମ࠷దΛ΋࣮ݱ͢ΔSuper Organized WorldͰ͢ɻ

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  16. 3.
    ίϯςφͱ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS

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  17. 17
    দຊͷઐ໳ྖҬʹ͓͚Δ௒ݸମσʔληϯλʔ
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔʹ޲͚ͨσʔληϯλʔOSͱίϯςφ
    • ࣮༻తͳWebAppɼWordPressͱ͔ɼΛ͏·͘ಈ͔͍ͨ͠ͱ͍͏είʔϓ
    • ComputeͱDataͷ͏ͪCompute-Intensiveʹ·ͣ͸ண໨
    • ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔ্ʹಁաతʹ෼ࢄىಈ͢Δίϯςφ܈͕ඞཁ
    • ߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔ্ʹOSͷΑ͏ͳബ͍ϨΠϠʔ͕ඞཁ
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOS্ʹϓϩηεͱεϨου͕ଘࡏ

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  18. 18
    ಁաੑͱίϯςφͷϦΞΫςΟϒੑ
    • σʔληϯλʔΛಁաత͔ͭ༗ػతʹίϯςφ͕ॲཧΛߦ͏ඞཁ͕͋Δ
    • ༷ʑͳίϯςφϥϯλΠϜΛϓϩηε΍εϨουͱݟཱͯΔ
    • ίϯςφ͕ϦΞΫςΟϒʹঢ়ଶΛม͑ΒΕΔΑ͏ʹ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
    • ࣄલ༧ଌతͰ͸ͳ͘൓ԠతʹΞΫηεมԽͱϦιʔεׂ౰ΛҰகͤ͞Δ
    • ௒ݸମతʹߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄͨ͠σʔληϯλʔΛލ͍ͩ༗ػతͳ࿈ܞ
    • ίϯςφؒͷ࿈ܞ΍αʔό΍σʔληϯλʔؒΛߴ଎Ҡಈ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Δ
    → ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷOCIϥϯλΠϜʹؔ࿈ͷਂ͍ཁ݅

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  19. 19
    ίϯςφ࣌୅ͷWebαʔϏεج൫Ϟσϧ
    দຊ྄հ, ۙ౻Ӊஐ࿕, ࡾ୐༔հ, ྗ෢݈࣍, ܀ྛ݈ଠ࿠, FastContainer: ࣮ߦ؀ڥͷมԽʹૉૣ͘దԠͰ͖Δ߃ৗੑΛ࣋ͭγεςϜΞʔΩςΫνϟ,
    Πϯλʔωοτͱӡ༻ٕज़γϯϙδ΢Ϝ2017࿦จूɼ2017ɼ89-97ʢ2017-11-30ʣ, 2017೥12݄.
    ← ͜͜Λߋʹਂ۷Γ
    0SDIFTUSBUJPO-BZFS
    (,& &$4 .BSBUIPO ,VCFSOFUFT %PDLFS4XBSN
    4USBUFHZ-BZFS
    3BODIFS 'BTU$POUBJOFS
    4FSWJDF-BZFS
    8FC"QQMJDBUJPOPS4FSWJDFPO$POUBJOFST
    *OGSBTUSVDUVSF-BZFS
    ($1 "[VSF "84 0QFO4UBDL .FTPT #BSF.FUBM -JOVY,JU
    $POUBJOFS3VOUJNF-BZFS
    %PDLFS DPOUBJOFSE -9$ )BDPOJXB H7JTPS ,BUB$POUBJOFST
    $POUBJOFS3VOUJNF*OUFSGBDF $3*

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  20. 20
    ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷϨΠϠʔϞσϧԽ
    CRI
    ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜ
    ϥϯλΠϜ
    ্هͷΑ͏ʹఆٛ͞ΕΔ͜ͱ͕ଟ͍͕ɺ
    ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͷதʹruncͳͲͷ
    ϥϯλΠϜ͕͋Δͱ͍͏ͷ͸গ͠Θ͔
    Γʹ͍͘ɻ
    CRI
    CRIϥϯλΠϜ
    OCI
    OCIϥϯλΠϜ
    ίϯςφϥϯλΠϜ
    ΛϥϯλΠϜͷ໾ׂ
    ͰϨΠϠʔϞσϧԽ
    CRIϥϯλΠϜͱOCIϥϯλΠϜͱఆٛ※1ɻ͜ͷ2ͭ
    ͷϥϯλΠϜΛ·ͱΊͯίϯςφϥϯλΠϜͱ͢Δɻ
    CRI : Container Runtime Interface
    OCI: Open Container Initiative Runtime/Image Format Specification
    ※1 Google CloudͷIan Lewisࢯ͸CRIϥϯλΠϜΛHigh-Level RuntimeɺOCIϥϯλΠϜΛLow-Level Runtimesͱఆٛ
    https://www.ianlewis.org/en/container-runtimes-part-1-introduction-container-r

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  21. 21
    ίϯςφपลͷجຊϨΠϠʔϞσϧ
    ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ
    CRI
    CRIϥϯλΠϜ
    OCI
    OCIϥϯλΠϜ
    Podͱίϯςφ܈
    CRIܦ༝ͰΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯʹجͮ
    ͖ίϯςφߏ੒৘ใΛड͚औͬͨΓίϯ
    ςφΠϝʔδΛ؅ཧ͢ΔCRIϥϯλΠϜ
    ʢcri-oɺcontainerdͳͲʣ
    ίϯςφͷߏ੒৘ใ΍ΠϝʔδͳͲ͔Β
    ίϯςφͷϦιʔεׂ౰΍ݖݶ෼཭Λߦͬ
    ͯίϯςφΛىಈͤ͞ΔOCIϥϯλΠϜ
    ʢrunCɺrunscɺrunncɺrunVɺkata-
    runtimeɺcc-runtimeͳͲʣ

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  22. 22
    ྫɿίϯςφपลͷجຊϨΠϠʔϞσϧ
    kubelet
    CRI
    containerd
    OCI
    runC
    Podͱίϯςφ܈
    ίϯςφͷߏ੒৘ใ΍ΠϝʔδͳͲ͔Β
    ίϯςφͷϦιʔεׂ౰΍ݖݶ෼཭Λߦͬ
    ͯίϯςφΛىಈͤ͞ΔOCIϥϯλΠϜ
    ʢrunCɺrunscɺrunncɺrunVɺkata-
    runtimeɺcc-runtimeͳͲʣ
    CRIͱOCIʹ४ڌ͍ͯ͠Ε͹ɺ
    ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯ૚͸
    kubernetesΛ࢖͍ͭͭɺ޷͖ʹ
    CRIϥϯλΠϜ΍OCIϥϯλΠϜ
    Λஔ͖׵͑Մೳ
    CRIܦ༝ͰΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯʹجͮ
    ͖ίϯςφߏ੒৘ใΛड͚औͬͨΓίϯ
    ςφΠϝʔδΛ؅ཧ͢ΔCRIϥϯλΠϜ
    ʢcri-oɺcontainerdͳͲʣ

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  23. 23
    OCIϥϯλΠϜʹ͓͚ΔPodͱίϯςφ
    • kubernetes͸ΦʔέετϨʔγϣϯπʔϧͱͯ͠CNCFʹΑΔඪ४Խ͕ਐΉ
    • ૬ޓʹ઀ଓੑͷ͋Δෳ਺ͷίϯςφΛแׅ͢ΔPod
    • Podͱ͍͏ۭؒ୯ҐͰίϯςφΛͲͷΑ͏ʹσϓϩΠ͢Δ͔
    • PodʹٻΊΒΕΔཁ݅
    • ηΩϡϦςΟɾੑೳɾαʔό΁ͷऩ༰ޮ཰ͳͲ
    • Pod΍ίϯςφͷ࣮ࡍతͳಈ࡞Λ࣮ݱ͢Δͷ͸OCIϥϯλΠϜ
    • Pod૬౰ͷִ཭ͷઃܭ͕ඇৗʹॏཁͳ࣌୅ʹͳΔ

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  24. 5.
    ·ͱΊ

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  25. 25
    ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔOSΛ໨ࢦͯ͠
    • ௒ݸମܕσʔληϯλʔͷίϯηϓτΛ঺հ
    • σʔληϯλʔػೳ͕ࣾձʹ༹͚ࠐΈͳ͕ΒΫϥ΢υͷϚγϯύϫʔΛ׆༻
    • ۩ମతͳϏδϣϯΛ঺հ
    • σʔληϯλʔͱίϯςφͷεέδϡʔϦϯάͷ؍఺Ͱٞ࿦
    • ϦΞΫςΟϒʹঢ়ଶΛมߋՄೳʹ͢Δॏཁੑʹ͍ͭͯݕ౼
    • ίϯςφΛεϨου΍ϓϩηεͱݟཱͯͨ৔߹ͷ෼ྨΛ੔ཧ
    • Podͷઃܭ͕ίϯςφͷऩ༰ઃܭΛࠨӈ͢ΔॏཁͳϑΝΫλʔ΁

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  26. 26
    ࠓޙͷ՝୊ͱݕ౼
    • OCIϥϯλΠϜͷ෼ྨʹ͓͍ͯߋʹߟ࡯
    • ΋ͬͱద੾ͳPodͱίϯςφͷ͋Γํ͕ͳ͍͔
    • ूੵ཰ɾੑೳɾηΩϡϦςΟɾ࢖͍΍͢͞ͷόϥϯεΛ͞Βʹݕ౼͢Δ
    • Podͷىಈͷ଎౓ͱίϯςφͷΞΫηε੍ޚͷੑೳͷόϥϯεΛٞ࿦
    • ߴ౓ʹ෼ࢄ͞Εͨίϯςφͷ৘ใΛ؅ཧ͢Δ࿮૊Έͷઃܭͱ࣮૷
    • ps΍topίϚϯυͷΑ͏ͳ΋ͷ͔ΒΑΓߴ౓ͳπʔϧ·Ͱ
    • ϓϩηε΍εϨουͷѻ͍Λศརʹ͢Δ֓೦ͳͲͷݕ౼

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  27. 27
    ࣍ճ༧ࠂɿOCIϥϯλΠϜΛ΍͍ͬͯ͘

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