Updates on Kepler and K2

An invited talk I gave at a conference on Understanding the roles of rotation, pulsation and chemical peculiarities in the upper main sequence, in the Lake District, UK.

Transcript

1. Updates from Kepler and K2 Tom Barclay NASA Ames Research Center September 12, 2016
2. Exoplanet Detections, 1995-2009 Radius Relative to Earth Orbital Period in days Earth Jupiter
3. Exoplanet Discoveries to Date Coughlin et al. 2015
4. Confirmed Kepler/K2 Planets: dynamical Coughlin et al. 2015 Q1-Q17 DR24 SOC 9.2 K2 Candidates Kepler Candidates Non-Kepler Kepler/K2 Confirmed
5. Confirmed Planets: dynamical + statistical Coughlin et al. 2015 Q1-Q17 DR24 SOC 9.2 K2 Candidates Kepler Candidates Non-Kepler Kepler/K2 Confirmed
6. 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.5-0.7 0.7 - 1 1 – 1.4 1.4 - 2 2 – 2.8 2.8 - 4 4 – 5.7 5.7 - 8 8 - 11 11 - 16 16 - 23 Planet Size (Earth=1) Fraction Observed Sizes not seen in our Solar System 55 165 381 520 567 268 94 54 53 39 17
7. 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 1 – 1.4 1.4 - 2 2 – 2.8 2.8 - 4 4 – 5.7 5.7 - 8 8 - 11 11 - 16 16 - 23 Planet Size (Earth=1) Fraction Observed Sizes not seen in our Solar System
8. 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 Sizes not seen in our Solar System 1 – 1.4 1.4 - 2 2 – 2.8 2.8 - 4 4 – 5.7 5.7 - 8 8 - 11 11 - 16 16 - 23 Planet Size (Earth=1) Average Number of Planets per Star
9. Confirmed Habitable Zone Planets New validations from Morton et al. 2016 ApJ 822 86
10. Small planets are more abundant around small stars Mulders et al. 2014
11. Systematic Errors vs. Statistical Errors Burke et al. 2015 ApJ 809 8
12. Balancing Solar Pressure Top-down view
13. K2 Precision is Comparable to Kepler Prime Adapted from Vanderburg et al. 2015
14. Kepler prime versus K2 target stars Huber et al. 2016, ApJS 224 2 41% K&M dwarfs 16% K&M dwarfs
15. K2 Senior Review Results • K2 ranked Excellent in all three categories - synergies between K2 and Spitzer were emphasized • Funding recommended in FY 17/18/19 - through end of the operating lifetime (~mid-2018) • "...with a very efficient GO program, the project includes worldwide participation covering every continent except Antarctica. The GO program is recognized as a major reason for the wealth of new scientific results." K2-south?
16. K2 Recent Challenges • We went into Emergency Mode at the beginning of C9 • We lost another CCD module but still have 18 of 21 remaining
17. Current Status Senior Review 2014 Senior Review 2016 Data Available In Progress Cycle 5 Supernova-focused
18. Current Status Senior Review 2014 Senior Review 2016 Data Available In Progress Cycle 5 Supernova-focused
19. Upcoming Deadlines • Campaign 14, 15, 16 (Cycle 5) - Step-1 Nov 3 - Step-2 Dec 15 • Directors Discretionary Targets Program - Campaign 13 targets due Nov 10
20. Kepler Search Space: 3000 light-years 0.25% of the sky K2 600 light-years 4% of sky
21. Finding Exoplanet Targets for Followup
22. Exoplanet Discoveries to Date Coughlin et al. 2015 Q1-Q17 DR24 SOC 9.2 K2 Candidates
23. Kruse, Agol, & team; from Exo-I, Davos More Soon!
24. 24 • K2-42: four planets with 1.2-1.5 Earth radii and orbital periods 5-25 days • Two planets in the Habitable Zone! • In Campaign 12, K2 will observe TRAPPIST-1, which has five Earth-size planets orbiting a M8 V star ~30 LY away New Multi-Planet Systems
27. Finding Exoplanet Targets for Followup
28. Finding Exoplanet Targets for Followup
29. 29 Disintegrating Planets • WD 1145+017 - disintegrating planets or planetesimals in orbit around a white dwarf star • Four disintegrating transiting systems known, 3 discovered with K2
30. Completing the Exoplanet Census
32. Earth Kepler Spitzer View from above on 15 May 2016 0.8 AU Sun
33. Earth Kepler Spitzer View from above on 15 May 2016 Sun “Forward facing”
 (+ Velocity Vector) Bulge
34. 34 K2 Campaign 9
35. K2 Microlensing Experiment Obtaining sufficient telescope resources was a key component to a successful campaign and our #1 risk CFHT UKIRT IRTF Keck Subaru OGLE LCOGT KMTNet LCOGT MiNDSTEp Gemini-S VST SMARTS LCOGT KMTNet LCOGT MiNDSTEp IRSF MiNDSTEp LT LCOGT KMTNet LCOGT SkyMapper MOA WIYN PLANET MiNDSTEp Wise
36. Early Demonstration MOA-2016-BLG-233 Preliminary K2 Reduction by Dun Wang, NYU MOA data from the MOA Collaboration http://www.massey.ac.nz/∼iabond/moa/ alert2016/alert.php Difference Flux (arbitrary units) HJD-2457500 K2 MOA 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 0 5 10 15 20 25 PRELIMINARY
38. The Pleiades
39. Photometry of the Seven Sisters The Pleiades
40. 40 Star Clusters - Pleiades
41. Publications
42. Career Status K2 ranked Excellent is all three categories Funding recommended in FY 17/18/19/20
43. Check keplerscience.arc.nasa.gov for updates
45. Backup
46. Kepler prime versus K2 target stars Huber et al. 2016, ApJS 224 2 41% K&M dwarfs 16% K&M dwarfs
47. K2 Precision is Comparable to Kepler Prime