Double your toolbox: the shared goodies of D8 and Symfony

You already know that Symfony and Drupal share a lot of things, but you might not know what that means... or how dangerous it's about to make you!

In this talk, we'll look at the fundamental principles behind Drupal 8, which happen to be the same things that drive Symfony behind the scenes. These include routes and controllers, events and the all-important service, service container and (queue dramatic sound-effect) dependency injection. If these concepts are still fairly new to you, this talk is for you: master them all at once and unlock a world where one skillset will empower you to use D8 or the Symfony framework should that need arise. It's a wonderful, new shared world: let's make something amazing, together.

Transcript

1. Double your Toolbox! THE SHARED GOODIES OF D8 & SYMFONY @nicolasgrekas
2. @nicolasgrekas #DrupalCon @weaverryan ©
3. The fundamentals of every framework ever. (except Drupal) @nicolasgrekas
4. Drupal 7 /** Implements hook_menu() */ function dinosaur_menu() { $items['hello'] = array( 'title' => 'ROOOOOOAR!', 'page callback' => 'favorite_dinosaur', ); return $items; } function favorite_dinosaur() { return 'Triceratops'; } @nicolasgrekas
5. Symfony, Silex, etc routes & controllers requests & responses service container @nicolasgrekas
6. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); @nicolasgrekas
7. @nicolasgrekas require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); An entire application that says hallo!
8. Configure your web server @nicolasgrekas
9. Or use the built-in PHP web server \o/ php -S localhost:8000 @nicolasgrekas
10. * The built-in PHP web server can be used with Drupal too! @nicolasgrekas
11. Request -> Response Framework Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! The Controller: Our code: constructs the page @nicolasgrekas
12. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); The route is matched when the URI is /hello/* @nicolasgrekas
13. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); @nicolasgrekas If the URI matches the route, Silex executes this function (the controller)
14. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); @nicolasgrekas The value of {name} is passed as an argument to the controller
15. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); @nicolasgrekas We construct the page and celebrate! (or non-alcoholic beverage of your choice)
16. Request -> Response Framework Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! The Controller: Our code: constructs the page @nicolasgrekas
17. That was easy? What about Symfony? I want to try it! @nicolasgrekas
18. DRUSH!!!! @nicolasgrekas
19. DRUPAL CONSOLE!!!! @nicolasgrekas
20. downloads the installer
21. @nicolasgrekas
22. Symfony Project Structure configuration, templates PHP Classes cache, logs, etc 3rd Party Code @nicolasgrekas
23. DRUPAL CONSOLE!!!! @nicolasgrekas
24. SYMFONY CONSOLE!!!! @nicolasgrekas
25. @nicolasgrekas
28. Hi, I’m the Symfony PacMan ghost! Look, things are working, this page just doesn’t exist yet. So get to it!
29. jolicode/gif-exception-bundle
30. Install Done Let’s Build a page! @nicolasgrekas
31. hello_world: path: /hello/{name} defaults: _controller: AppBundle\…sayHelloAction AppBundle\Controller\PoliteController::sayHelloAction @nicolasgrekas
32. namespace AppBundle\Controller; use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response; class PoliteController { public function sayHelloAction($name) { return new Response('Hello '.$name); } } @nicolasgrekas
33. @nicolasgrekas
34. Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! @nicolasgrekas
35. Debugging? @nicolasgrekas
37. @nicolasgrekas
38. @nicolasgrekas
39. @nicolasgrekas
41. @nicolasgrekas
42. Can we do even less work? @nicolasgrekas
43. // ... class PoliteController { /** * @Route("/hello/{name}") */ public function sayHelloAction($name) { return new Response('Hello '.$name); } } @nicolasgrekas
44. Services and the “container” @nicolasgrekas
45. Services == Useful Objects that do things @nicolasgrekas
46. The container == an associative array that holds the services $logger = $container['logger']; @nicolasgrekas
47. The container == an object that holds the services @nicolasgrekas $logger = $container->get('logger');
48. In Silex, Symfony & Drupal 8 there is a container. If you have it, you can use any service (useful object) @nicolasgrekas
49. In Symfony & Drupal 8 The container is pre-loaded with many useful services (objects) @nicolasgrekas
50. That’s 220 built-in services @nicolasgrekas
52. How do I get access to the container inside a controller? @nicolasgrekas
53. /** * @Route("/hello/{name}") */ public function sayHelloAction($name) { $html = $this->container->get('twig')->render( 'polite/sayHello.html.twig', ['myName' => $name] ); return new Response($html); } @nicolasgrekas
54. {% extends 'base.html.twig' %} {% block body %} Hello {{ myName }}! {% endblock %} @nicolasgrekas
55. Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Response: Hello Drupal! Container (with services) Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) Request: GET /hello/Drupal! @nicolasgrekas
56. What else does Symfony do? lives in Symfony’s container @nicolasgrekas
57. Doctrine ORM $em = $this->container ->get('doctrine.orm.entity_manager'); $post = $em->getRepository('AppBundle:Post') ->findOneBySlug($slug); // ... $em->persist($post); $em->flush(); @nicolasgrekas
58. or just use the DBAL or PDO $conn = $this->container ->get('database_connection'); $sql = 'SELECT id, name FROM post'; $posts = $conn->fetchAll($sql); @nicolasgrekas
59. $form = $this->container->get('form.factory') ->createBuilder() ->add('email', 'email') ->add('username', 'text') ->add('gender', 'choice', [ 'choices' => ['f' => 'Female', 'm' => 'Male'] ]) ->getForm(); if ($form->handleRequest($request)->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) { $data = $form->getData(); // do some stuff } $html = $this->container->get('twig')->render( 'user/register.html.twig', ['form' => $form->createView()] ); return new Response($html);
60. Forms {{ form_start(form) }} {{ form_row(form.email) }} {{ form_row(form.username) }} {{ form_row(form.gender) }} <button type="submit">Do it!</button> {{ form_end(form) }} @nicolasgrekas
61. or just do it yourself $email = $request->get('email'); $username = $request->get('username'); $gender = $request->get('gender'); @nicolasgrekas
62. … and infinitely more with community bundles @nicolasgrekas
63. Creating your own Services @nicolasgrekas
64. I want to select a random greeting each time Hello %s! Hey you %s! Hola %s! Que tal %s! @nicolasgrekas
65. Put this logic in our controller? @nicolasgrekas
66. Or centralize it so it can be re-used? Create a flat function? @nicolasgrekas
67. namespace AppBundle\Greet; class RandomGreeter { private static $greetings = [ 'Hello %s', 'Hola %s!', 'git blame. Ah, I knew it was %s!' ]; public function randomlyGreet($name) { $key = array_rand(self::$greetings); $greeting = self::$greetings[$key]; return sprintf($greeting, $name); } } @nicolasgrekas
68. public function sayHelloAction($name) { $greeter = new RandomGreeter(); $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name); $html = $this->container->get('templating')->render( 'polite/sayHello.html.twig', ['theGreeting' => $greeting] ); return new Response($html); } @nicolasgrekas
69. Could we log which greeting was chosen? @nicolasgrekas
71. public function sayHelloAction($name) { $greeter = new RandomGreeter(); $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name); $this->container->get('logger') ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting); // ... } @nicolasgrekas
72. Could we log from inside RandomGreeter? @nicolasgrekas
73. class RandomGreeter { public function randomlyGreet($name) { $key = array_rand(self::$greetings); $greeting = self::$greetings[$key]; $this->container->get('logger') ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting); return sprintf($greeting, $name); } } There’s no container property! That’s magic only the controller has @nicolasgrekas
74. omg DEPENDENCY INJECTION @nicolasgrekas
75. class RandomGreeter { private $logger; public function __construct($logger) { $this->logger = $logger; } // ... } @nicolasgrekas
76. class RandomGreeter { private $logger; public function __construct(LoggerInterface $logger) { $this->logger = $logger; } // ... } If you’re feeling fancy and/or awesome @nicolasgrekas
77. class RandomGreeter { private $logger; // ... public function randomlyGreet($name) { $key = array_rand(self::$greetings); $greeting = self::$greetings[$key]; $this->logger ->info('Created greeting: '.$greeting); return sprintf($greeting, $name); } } @nicolasgrekas
78. public function sayHelloAction($name) { $greeter = new RandomGreeter( $this->container->get('logger') ); $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name); // ... } @nicolasgrekas
79. Teach Symfony how to instantiate your services @nicolasgrekas
80. services: my_random_greeter: class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter arguments: - "@logger" @nicolasgrekas
81. services: my_random_greeter: class: AppBundle\Greet\RandomGreeter arguments: - "@logger" @nicolasgrekas
82. public function sayHelloAction($name) { /* $greeter = new RandomGreeter( $this->container->get('logger') ); */ $greeter = $this->container ->get('my_random_greeter'); $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name); // ... } @nicolasgrekas
83. Events (extra credit) @nicolasgrekas
84. Like Drupal “hooks”, Symfony has “events” @nicolasgrekas
85. “Hi! When event XXXXX happens, execute this function. kthxbai” YOU CAN TELL SYMFONY @nicolasgrekas
86. EVENTS kernel.view kernel.response Request -> Response Framework The Controller: Our code: constructs the page Container (with services) EVENT kernel.controller Response: Hello Drupal! Routing: Determine a function that can create this page (the controller) EVENT kernel.request Request: GET /hello/Drupal! @nicolasgrekas
87. What if we didn’t return a Response from the controller? @nicolasgrekas
88. *GASP!* @nicolasgrekas
89. public function sayHelloAction($name) { $greeter = $this->container ->get('my_random_greeter'); $greeting = $greeter->randomlyGreet($name); return [ 'template' => 'polite/sayHello.html.twig', 'variables' => ['theGreeting' => $greeting] ]; } @nicolasgrekas
90. I’m so angry right now!!!!! @nicolasgrekas
91. @nicolasgrekas
92. class RenderArrayViewSubscriber implements EventSubscriberInterface { private $twig; public function __construct(\Twig_Environment $twig) { $this->twig = $twig; } public function onView() { // call me if the controller does not // return a Response } public static function getSubscribedEvents() { return ['kernel.view' => 'onView']; } } @nicolasgrekas
93. services: # ... listener.render_array_view_listener: class: AppBundle\EventListener\RenderArrayViewSubscriber arguments: - "@twig" tags: - { name: event_subscriber } @nicolasgrekas
94. public function onView(GetResponseForControllerResultEvent $event) { $controllerResult = $event->getControllerResult(); if (!is_array($controllerResult)) { return; } if (!isset($controllerResult['template'])) { return; } $template = $controllerResult['template']; $variables = $controllerResult['variables']; $html = $this->twig->render($template, $variables); $response = new Response($html); $event->setResponse($response); } @nicolasgrekas
95. SOLD! I want to build something already!! @nicolasgrekas
96. It’d be nice to learn by looking at a real, fully- featured application @nicolasgrekas
97. @nicolasgrekas
98. @nicolasgrekas
99. @weaverryan Use +the Symfony plugin http://bit.ly/symfony-phpstorm @nicolasgrekas
100. require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php'; $app = new Silex\Application(); $app->get('/hello/{name}', function($name) use($app) { return 'Hello '.$app->escape($name); }); $app->run(); Use Silex! @nicolasgrekas
101. Use D8 @nicolasgrekas
102. , & @nicolasgrekas
103. Principle Themes: @nicolasgrekas I can’t remember what that presentation was about, but the following terms are now stuck in my head: aka
104. TERMS TO REPEAT IN YOUR HEAD • Route -> Controller -> Response • Services & the Container • Events & Listeners @nicolasgrekas
105. Drupal 8 & Symfony share • Request and Response objects • Route, Controller, Response • Event Listener System • Service and Container System • List all Services (debug:container) • List all routes (debug:router) • Web Debug Toolbar (with devel module) @nicolasgrekas
106. You can use Silex to learn Drupal! @nicolasgrekas
107. You can use Silex to learn Symfony! @nicolasgrekas
108. You can use Symfony to learn Drupal! @nicolasgrekas
109. You can use Symfony to make you a sandwich! @nicolasgrekas
110. Finally, We have more tools to solve problems
111. @nicolasgrekas #DrupalCon MERCI ! see you @SensioLabs’ booth Coupon Code: guinness