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Python for web architectures
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Shuhei Ozawa
February 09, 2018
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Python for web architectures
Python Programming for web architectures
Shuhei Ozawa
February 09, 2018
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Transcript
PythonͰWebΞʔΩςΫνϟΛֶͿ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 1
ࣗݾհ — খपฏ — @oza_shu — MSPۀքͰWEBαʔϏεͷαʔόӡ༻ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 -
Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 2
٢ࣉ.pm13ͷςʔϚ — ʮ৽͍͠ઓɺ৽͍͠ࢹʯ — ৽ʹ͚ܾͨҙత ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei
( @oza_shu ) 3
2018ͷ๊ෛ ͪΌΜͱௐͯͪΌΜͱཧղ͢Δ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu )
4
ͪΌΜͱௐͯɺͪΌΜͱཧղ͢Δ αʔόͷӡ༻ͰোରԠ͢Δ࣌ɺͳΜͱͳ͘ͰରԠ͢Δ͜ͱ — ͜ͷϩάग़ྗͰݕࡧͯ͠ɺQiitaΈͨΓͱ͔... — ͦͷQiitaͱ͔ಡΜͰ;ΜΘΓཧղͩͬͨΓͱ͔... ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa
Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 5
ཧతղܾΛࢦ͢ — ͪΌΜͱௐͯͪΌΜͱཧղ͢Δ — ՝Λղܾ͢Δ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei
( @oza_shu ) 6
ྫ͑ ͜ΕΒWebΞʔΩςΫνϟΛPythonͰ͓͞Β͍ - TCPίωΫγϣϯͲΜͳ௨৴Λ͍ͯ͠Δͷ͔ - WEBαʔόͷಈ͖ɺߏཧղ - Apache͕٧·ΔͬͯͲ͏͍͏͜ͱ - C10Kͱ
٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 7
TCP/IP௨৴ — IPΞυϨεͱϙʔτΛࢦఆͯ͠ίωΫγϣϯଓΛ͢Δ — TCP jokeSYN→SYN/ACK→ACK — socket(),bind(),listen(),accept(),connect(),write(),read(),close() ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09
- Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 8
γϦΞϧϞσϧ — socket(),bind(),listen()Ͱιέοτͷ࡞ def create_listen_socket(host, port): """ αʔόʔ͕ଓཁٻΛड͚औΔιέοτΛઃఆ͢Δ """ #
ΞυϨεϑΝϛϦʔɺιέοτλΠϓɺϓϩτίϧ൪߸Λࢦఆͯ͠৽͍͠ιέοτΛ࡞ sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind((host, port)) sock.listen(100) return sock ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 9
— ϝοηʔδΛsocketʹଓͯ͠ૹ৴ if __name__ == '__main__': while True: try: sock
= socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.connect((HOST, PORT)) print('\nConnected to {}:{}'.format(HOST, PORT)) print("Type message, enter to send, 'q' to quit") msg = input() if msg == 'q': break chatmodule.send_msg(sock, msg) # ૹ৴͢Δ·ͰBlock print('Sent message: {}'.format(msg)) msg = chatmodule.recv_msg(sock) # messageΛશʹड৴͢Δ·ͰBlock print('Received echo: ' + msg) except ConnectionError: print('Socket error') break finally: sock.close() print('Closed connection to server\n') ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 10
— ϝοηʔδΛsocket͔Βड৴ def handle_client(sock, addr): """ sockΛ௨ͯ͡client͔ΒσʔλΛड͚ͱΓ,echoΛฦ͢ """ try: msg
= chatmodule.recv_msg(sock) # messageΛશʹड৴͢Δ·Ͱblock print('{}: {}'.format(addr, msg)) chatmodule.send_msg(sock, msg) # ૹ৴͢Δ·Ͱblock except (ConnectionError, BrokenPipeError): print('Socket error') finally: print('Closed connection to {}'.format(addr)) sock.close() if __name__ == '__main__': listen_sock = chatmodule.create_listen_socket(HOST, PORT) # ιέοτࣗͷΞυϨεΛฦ͢ # ͜ͷؔɺIPv4/v6ιέοτͷϙʔτ൪߸ΛௐΔ߹ͳͲʹ༻ɻ addr = listen_sock.getsockname() print('Listening on {}'.format(addr)) while True: client_sock, addr = listen_sock.accept() print('Connection from {}'.format(addr)) handle_client(client_sock, addr) ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 11
ΫϥΠΞϯτͱαʔόͷιέοτ௨৴ͷಈ͖Λ·ͱΊΔͱ 1. αʔόsocketɺbindɺlistenͰΫϥΠΞϯτͷଓΛͪड͚Δ 2. ଓ͖ͨΒacceptʹΑΓ࣮ࡍͷσʔλͷಡΈग़͠·Ͱͭ 3. σʔλ͕͖ͨΒɺϦΫΤετΛॲཧͯ͠ɺΫϥΠΞϯτʹϨεϙϯεΛฦ͢ 4. ΫϥΠΞϯτͱͷଓΛcloseͰดͯ͡ɺ·ͨacceptͪঢ়ଶʹͳΓϥΠ Ξϯτ͔ΒͷଓΛLISTEN
ΫϥΠΞϯτ͔ΒͷଓΛaccept()ͨ͋͠ͱɺ ϧʔϓΛൈ͚Δ·Ͱ৽نͷΫϥΠΞϯτଓΛϒϩοΫ͍ͯ͠Δ ͜ΕͰ1:1ͷ௨৴͔͠Ͱ͖ͳ͍ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 12
ϚϧνϓϩηεϞσϧ — fork֤ͤͯ͞ϓϩηε͕֤ΫϥΠΞϯτͱ௨৴Ͱ͖Δ — workerϞσϧ — accept()ͨ͋͠ͱͷॲཧΛϓϩηεʹॲཧͤ͞Δ — preforkϞσϧ —
accept()͔Βclose()·ͰͷॲཧΛϓϩηεʹॲཧͤ͞Δ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 13
ίʔυྫ workerϞσϧ while True: client_sock,addr = listen_sock.accept() proc = Process(target=handle_client,
args=[client_sock, addr]) proc.start() print('Connection from {}'.format(addr)) proc.join(1) ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 14
σϝϦοτ:Apache٧·Δ MaxClientsʹୡ͢Δͱɺ accept()͕͞Εͳ͍ͷͰɺ ଓະॲཧͱͳΓ٧·Δ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei (
@oza_shu ) 15
ϚϧνεϨουϞσϧ جຊతʹϚϧνϓϩηε/εϨουಉ͡ - 1ίωΫγϣϯ1εϨουͷϞσϧ - ϦΫΤετ͝ͱʹεϨουΛੜ - εϨουϓʔϧ - ࣄલʹεϨουΛPool͓ͯ͘͠Ϟσϧ
εϨουϝϞϦڞ༗͍ͯ͠ΔͷͰɺεϨουηʔϑͳ࣮͕ ඞཁʹͳΔ (ΩϡʔϩοΫͷॲཧׂѪ) ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 16
ίʔυྫ 1ίωΫγϣϯ1εϨουͷϞσϧ if __name__ == '__main__': listen_sock = chatmodule.create_listen_socket(HOST, PORT)
addr = listen_sock.getsockname() print('Listening on {}'.format(addr)) while True: client_sock,addr = listen_sock.accept() # Thread ࣗಈతʹhandle_client()ؔΛ࣮ߦ͠ɺಉ࣌ʹ͜ͷwhile loopΛ࣮ߦ thread = threading.Thread(target=handle_client, args=[client_sock, addr], daemon=True) thread.start() print('Connection from {}'.format(addr)) ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 17
C10K Πϯλʔωοτ͕ൃలͯ͠Webαʔόʔ͕ಉ࣌ʹ1ສͷΫϥΠΞϯτΛॲཧ͢Δ࣌Ͱ Ϛϧνϓϩηε/εϨουͰॲཧ͕Ͱ͖ͳ͍ͷͰɺ ղܾࡦͱͯ͠ɺΠϕϯτۦಈΞʔΩςΫνϟͰ͋ΔNginx͕ੜ Nginx͕ࢦ͢ͷΠϕϯτϧʔϓͰ1ͭͷεϨουͰສͷಉ࣌ଓΛॲཧ͢Δ͜ͱɻ ͪΖΜϚϧνεϨουɾΞϓϩʔνͰղܾͰ͖ͨΓɺ ଞʹScalingͷͰ͋Δɻ — ΞʔόϯɾΤΞʔγοϓࣾ —
C500kʹ໘༷ͨ͠ — C10Mͷ — ࠓɺ1000ສͷಉ࣌ଓͷઓ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 18
ΠϕϯτۦಈϞσϧ ৽͍͠Πϕϯτ͕ΩϡʔʹೖΕΒΕɺ εϨουΠϕϯτϧʔϓΛ࣮ߦ ΠϕϯτϧʔϓͰͷεϨουΛෳͷଓʹϚοϐϯά ଓɺϦΫΤετ͔Βൃੜͨ͠ΠϕϯτΛॲཧͤ͞Δ ΠϕϯτۦಈܕϓϩάϥϛϯάΛॻ͔ͳ͍ͱཧղͰ͖ͳ ͍ɻɻɻ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 -
Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 19
ΠϕϯτۦಈϞσϧ ࠓޙҎԼௐ͓͖͍ͯͨ - Πϕϯτۦಈܕϓϩάϥϛϯά - ͦΕԿͰ͋ΓɺͲͷΑ͏ʹػೳ͢ΔͷͰ͔͢ʁ - asyncioϞδϡʔϧ - asyncioϕʔεͷϓϩάϥϛϯά
- Twisted - Gevent ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 20
ֶΜͩ͜ͱ — TCPଓͷͳ͕Ε — Apacheͷͭ·ΓͳΜͳͷ͔ — ss,netstat,lsofίϚϯυͷཧղ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 -
Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu ) 21
WEBͷ࣍DB Ͳ͏͢ΕDBͷؾ࣋ͪʹͳΕΔͷ͔ ྑ͍ϝιου͋Εڭ͍͑ͯͩ͘͞ ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu
) 22
·ͱΊ ࠓͪΌΜͱௐͯɺͪΌΜͱཧղ͢Δ!! ٢ࣉ.pm13 2018/02/09 - Ozawa Shuhei ( @oza_shu )
23