EN_NR-10_16h_MOD_I.pdf

Transcript

1. NO - 10 NO - 10
2. Composition: Module I Electrical Risks Module II First Aid Module III Fire Prevention and Fighting
3. Goals: This NR establishes the minimum requirements and conditions aimed at implementing control measures and preventive systems, in order to guarantee the safety and health of workers who, directly or indirectly, interact with electrical installations and services involving electricity.
4. INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRICITY SAFETY
5. Electricity is the most widely used form of energy, transforming into other forms of energy, such as: Mechanical Energy
6. 8 Light Energy
7. Thermal Energy
8. How is electricity produced? Hydroelectricity
9. Thermal Energy How is electricity produced?
10. How is electricity produced?
11. How is electricity produced?
12. Nuclear How is electricity produced?
13. How is electricity produced? Wind power
14. Solar How is electricity produced?
15. 17 ELECTRICITY From Generation to Consumption (Source: COGE Foundation manual)
16. Percentage share of power plant types in installed capacity (MW) for electricity generation in Brazil
17. Percentage share of power plant types in installed capacity (MW) for electricity generation in Brazil
18. ACCIDENT STATISTICS IN THE BRAZILIAN ELECTRICITY SECTOR
23. Accidents with Contracted Companies Source: 2006 Report - Accident Statistics in the Brazilian Electricity Sector - COGE Foundation)
24. Construction / Civil Maintenance 264 Activities or Games 78 Clandestine Connections 70 Energized Cape Not Alone 67 Vehicle 60 Antenna Installation/Repair 46 Climbing or Pruning Trees 45 Theft of Electrical Conductor 28 Energized Fence/Clothesline 27 Accidents involving the population Source: 2006 Report - Accident Statistics in the Brazilian Electricity Sector - COGE Foundation)
25. RISKS IN ELECTRICITY INSTALLATIONS AND SERVICES
26. Electric Shock
27. ELECTRIC SHOCK
28. ELECTRIC SHOCK 30
30. Electric shock is the passage of an electric current through the body, using it as a conductor. ELECTRIC SHOCK
31. Shock produced by contact with an energized circuit MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
32. Shock produced by contact with an electrified body MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
33. NR-10 Safety in Electrical Installations and Services 35 Shock produced by contact with an electrified body MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
36. Shock produced by lightning (Atmospheric Discharge) MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
37. NR-10 Safety in Electrical Installations and Services 39 MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
38. MOST LIKELY TYPES OF ELECTRIC SHOCK
39. The body's sensitivity begins at a point known as the Sensation Threshold. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY a) Perception Threshold The human body begins to perceive the passage of electric current from 1 mA.
40. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY b) No Release Threshold The current intensity for this threshold varies between: 9 and 23 mA - men 6 to 14 mA - women.
41. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY c) Ventricular Fibrillation Threshold Electric shock can vary depending on factors that affect the intensity of the current and the effects it causes on the body.
42. The interfering factors are: 1) Path of electric current in the human body EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
43. The interfering factors are: 1) Path of electric current in the human body EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
44. 46 The interfering factors are: 1) Path of electric current in the human body EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
45. The interfering factors are: 1) Path of electric current in the human body EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
46. The interfering factors are: 1) Path of electric current in the human body EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
47. The interfering factors are: 2) Type of Electric Current Alternating Current – ​ ​ (Tingling sensation) values ​ ​ above 1 mA Direct Current – ​ ​ values ​ ​ above 5 mA EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
48. Maximum duration of DC contact voltage Contact Voltage ( V ) Maximum Duration (Sec.) <120 infinite 120 5 140 1 160 0,5 175 0,2 200 0,1 250 0,05 310 0,03 3) Nominal voltage EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
49. 3) Nominal voltage Maximum duration of AC contact voltage Contact Voltage ( V ) Maximum Duration (Sec.) <50 infinite 50 5 75 0,60 90 0,45 110 0,36 150 0,27 220 0,17 280 0,12 EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
50. 52 4) Intensity of electric current EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
51. 4) Intensity of electric current EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
52. NR-10 Safety in Electrical Installations and Services 54 DIRECT PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
53. INDIRECT PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
54. 5) Duration of electric shock The longer the electric shock lasts, the greater the damage and consequences. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY
55. EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON THE HUMAN BODY 6) Grid frequency Currents with higher frequencies are less felt by the body Frequency of Electric Current Frequency (Hz) 50-60 500 1.000 5.000 10.000 100.000 Sensation Threshold (mA) 1 1,5 2 7 14 150
56. 58 CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C. 1) Tetanization Phenomenon resulting from muscle contraction produced by an electrical impulse. The effects that an electric current produces on the human body are four:
57. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C. 2) Respiratory Arrest Currents flowing through the human body can cause respiratory arrest
58. 3) Burn A burn is an injury to tissue caused by the effects of heat, chemicals or electricity. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
59. The passage of electric current through a conductor creates the so-called joule effect, that is, a certain amount of electrical energy is transformed into heat. 2 E(heat) ⁼ R(human body) ˣ I of electric shock) ( x t (contact time) CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
60. Burns are classified according to the extent and depth of the injury and defined in degrees. a) First degree burn b) 2nd degree burn c) 3rd degree burn CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
61. 63 a) 1st Degree Burn These are mild burns where there is redness at the site followed by swelling and variable pain. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
62. 64 a) 2nd Degree Burn In these burns, there is destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with more intense pain and blisters normally appearing at the site or total or partial detachment of the affected skin. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
64. a) 3rd Degree Burn In this case, there is total destruction of all layers of the skin, and the area may become whitish or charred (dark). CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
66. 1st, 2nd and 3rd Degree Burns CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
67. 69 Extent or Severity of Burn Low: less than 15% of body surface area reached Average: between 15 and less than 40% of the skin covered and High: more than 40% of the body burned. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
68. 4) Ventricular Fibrillation The most serious physiological phenomenon that can occur when an electric current passes through the human body is ventricular fibrillation. CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
69. 4) Ventricular Fibrillation CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
70. 4) Ventricular Fibrillation CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
71. 4) Ventricular Fibrillation CRITICAL PATHOLOGICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRIC C.
72. Electric Arc
73. An electric arc is the result of a rupture dielectric discharge of a gas which produces a plasma, similar to a spark instantaneous, resulting from ELECTRIC ARC a flow of current in a normally insulating medium such as air.
74. 76 ELECTRIC ARC
75. ELECTRIC ARC Internal electrical arcs in cubicles are very dangerous and cause destruction.
76. Electric Arc in Cubicle
77. Electric arcs in panels usually appear due to: Poor contact, for example due to loss of pressure on the connection screws; Insulation depreciation (overvoltage, overload and end of dielectric life); Manufacturing defect in components or equipment (When not detected at the beginning, the same appears over the course of its life); ELECTRIC ARC
78. Inadequate or poorly dimensioned design and installation; Inadequate maintenance (Introduction of subtle changes without adequate technical evaluation), and Accidental or inadvertent contact with tools or parts (Human error). ELECTRIC ARC
79. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
80. It is generated when electric current passes through conductive media. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
81. 83 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
82. The electromagnetic field this present in numerous human activities, such as work with energized circuits or lines, electric welding, use of cell phones and microwave ovens. ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD