GreenWeb: Language Extensions for Energy-Efficient Mobile Web Computing

Transcript

1. GreenWeb: Language Extensions for Energy-Efficient Mobile Web Computing Yuhao Zhu

   The University of Texas at Austin with Vijay Janapa Reddi PLDI 2016 1

2. 2 Web: Mobile Overtaking Desktop

3. 0 30 60 90 120 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

   2016 2 Source: BIA/Kelsey Search Volume (B) Web: Mobile Overtaking Desktop

4. 0 30 60 90 120 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

   2016 2 Source: BIA/Kelsey Search Volume (B) Mobile Desktop Web: Mobile Overtaking Desktop

5. 0 30 60 90 120 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

   2016 2 Source: BIA/Kelsey Search Volume (B) Mobile Desktop Web: Mobile Overtaking Desktop

6. 3 Web ≈ Mobile Web

7. Energy Concern Among Mobile Developers 4 [ICSE 2016] Manotas et

   al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

8. Energy Concern Among Mobile Developers 4 Percentage (%) 0 25

   50 75 100 Mobile Desktop Data Center Never/Rarely Sometimes Often/Almost Always “My applications have requirements about energy usage.” [ICSE 2016] Manotas et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

9. Energy Concern Among Mobile Developers 4 Percentage (%) 0 25

   50 75 100 Mobile Desktop Data Center Never/Rarely Sometimes Often/Almost Always “My applications have requirements about energy usage.” [ICSE 2016] Manotas et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

10. Energy Concern Among Mobile Developers 4 Percentage (%) 0 25

    50 75 100 Mobile Desktop Data Center Never/Rarely Sometimes Often/Almost Always “My applications have requirements about energy usage.” [ICSE 2016] Manotas et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

11. Developers are Willing to Make Trade-offs 5 [ICSE 2016] Manotas

    et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

12. Developers are Willing to Make Trade-offs 5 Percentage (%) 0

    25 50 75 100 Mobile Never/Rarely Sometimes Often/Almost Always “I'm willing to sacrifice performance, etc. for reduced energy usage.” [ICSE 2016] Manotas et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

13. Developers are Willing to Make Trade-offs 5 Percentage (%) 0

    25 50 75 100 Mobile Never/Rarely Sometimes Often/Almost Always “I'm willing to sacrifice performance, etc. for reduced energy usage.” [ICSE 2016] Manotas et al., “An Empirical Study of Practitioners’ Perspectives on Green Software Engineering”

14. Energy-efficiency 6

15. Quality-of-service Energy-efficiency 6

16. Quality-of-service Energy-efficiency Conflicting requirements 6

17. Quality-of-service Energy-efficiency Conflicting requirements 7 GreenWeb Programming language support for

    balancing energy-efficiency and QoS in mobile Web computing

18. 8 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and QoS

    in mobile Web computing

19. GreenWeb 8 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and

    QoS in mobile Web computing

20. 9 GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency ▸ Language abstractions for expressing

    QoS

21. 9 ▸ Runtime that saves energy while meeting the QoS

    constraints GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency ▸ Language abstractions for expressing QoS

22. 9 ▸ Runtime that saves energy while meeting the QoS

    constraints ▸ Result in 60% energy savings on real hardware/software implementations GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency ▸ Language abstractions for expressing QoS

23. 9 ▸ Runtime the QoS constraints ▸ Result hardware/software implementations

    GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency ▸ Language abstractions for expressing QoS

24. 10 What is QoS in mobile Web?

25. 11 Understanding Mobile Web QoS

26. 11 Performance QoS Experience Understanding Mobile Web QoS

27. 11 Performance QoS Experience [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al.,

    “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS

28. 11 Performance QoS Experience [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al.,

    “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS Too slow

29. 11 Performance QoS Experience Unusable [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et

    al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS Too slow

30. 11 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo

    et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS Too slow

31. 11 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo

    et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS Too slow Diminishing Returns

32. 11 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible [OSDI 1996] Y.

    Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.” Understanding Mobile Web QoS Too slow Diminishing Returns

33. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

34. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

35. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

36. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

37. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS “Negative” Energy consumption Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

38. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

39. 12 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Understanding Mobile Web

    QoS Energy [OSDI 1996] Y. Endo et al., “Using Latency to Evaluate Interactive System Performance.”

40. 13 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Abstracting Mobile Web

    QoS

41. 13 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Abstracting Mobile Web

    QoS ▸ Performance metric ▹ Frame latency vs. Frame throughput

42. 13 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Abstracting Mobile Web

    QoS ▸ Performance metric ▹ Frame latency vs. Frame throughput QoS Type

43. 13 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Abstracting Mobile Web

    QoS ▸ Performance metric ▹ Frame latency vs. Frame throughput ▸ Threshold performance values ▹ Imperceptible target vs. Usable target QoS Type

44. 13 Performance QoS Experience Unusable Tolerable Imperceptible Abstracting Mobile Web

    QoS ▸ Performance metric ▹ Frame latency vs. Frame throughput ▸ Threshold performance values ▹ Imperceptible target vs. Usable target QoS Type QoS Target

45. 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS

46. <html> <head> <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted

    */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS

47. <html> <head> <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted

    */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS element

48. <html> <head> <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted

    */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS element event

49. <html> <head> <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted

    */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS element event

50. <html> <head> <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted

    */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> 14 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Expressing QoS at an event granularity element event

51. <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted */ }

    </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation element event

52. <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation code omitted */ }

    </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation element event div { } ontouchend

53. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

54. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

55. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

56. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation function newAnimateMove() { /* New animation code */ } element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

57. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation function newAnimateMove() { /* New animation code */ } Implementation independent element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

58. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation function newAnimateMove() { /* New animation code */ } Implementation independent element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

59. { : Type, Target} <script> function animateMove() { /* Animation

    code omitted */ } </script> </head> <body> <div ontouchend=“animateMove()”> <div/> <!— other elements --> </body> </html> <style> </style> <html> <head> 15 Expressing Mobile Web QoS Annotation function newAnimateMove() { /* New animation code */ } Implementation independent Non-interfering w.r.t. functionality element event div { } ontouchend: throughput, low;

60. 16 Original application GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process Manual

    Annotation

61. 16 Original application GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process Automatic

    Annotation?

62. 16 Original application GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process Automatic

    Annotation? ▸ AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations

63. 16 GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process Automatic Annotation? ▸

    AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations DOM Tree

64. ▸ AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations 17

    GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process

65. ▸ AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations 17

    GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process Callback Instrumentation

66. ▸ AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations 17

    GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process QoS Information Event Profiling Callback Instrumentation

67. ▸ AutoGreen: automatically reasons about and inserts GreenWeb annotations 17

    GreenWeb- annotated application GreenWeb Annotation Process QoS Information Event Profiling Annotation Generation Callback Instrumentation

68. ▸ Language abstractions for expressing QoS 18 ▸ Runtime the

    QoS constraints ▸ Result hardware/software implementations GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency

69. ▸ Language abstractions 18 ▸ Runtime that saves energy while

    meeting the QoS constraints ▸ Result hardware/software implementations GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency

70. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview

71. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event

72. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event QoS Annotations

73. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Enforcing event-level QoS at

    the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective QoS Annotations

74. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms 19 GreenWeb Runtime

    Overview Frame Event Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

75. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms 19 GreenWeb Runtime

    Overview Frame Event Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

76. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms 19 GreenWeb Runtime

    Overview Frame Event Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

77. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms 19 GreenWeb Runtime

    Overview Frame Event 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

78. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms throughput 19 GreenWeb

    Runtime Overview Frame Event 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

79. QoS type: latency QoS target: 16 ms throughput 19 GreenWeb

    Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame 16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective

80. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame Time Event

    16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective QoS target: 2 s

81. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame Time Event

    Frame 16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Runtime Objective 2 s QoS target: 2 s

82. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame Time Event

    Frame 16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently { Runtime Objective 2 s QoS target: 2 s

83. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame Time Event

    Frame 16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Frame Association { Runtime Objective 1 2 s

84. 19 GreenWeb Runtime Overview Frame Event Frame Frame Time Event

    Frame 16 ms 16 ms 16 ms Enforcing event-level QoS at the frame-level energy-efficiently Frame Association Frame Scheduling { Runtime Objective 1 2 2 s

85. 20 Frame Association Scripting Style Layout Paint Composite Frame Event

86. 21 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Event

87. 21 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Browser

    Process Renderer Process GPU Process Event

88. 21 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Browser

    Process Renderer Process GPU Process Event Main Thread Compositor Thread

89. 21 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Browser

    Process Renderer Process GPU Process Event Main Thread Compositor Thread IPC Inter-thread Message

90. 22 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Browser

    Process Renderer Process GPU Process Event Frame S S L P C

91. 22 Frame Association S S L P C Frame Browser

    Process Renderer Process GPU Process Event Frame S S L P C Distribute QoS information along with the communication messages

92. Choices of Energy-saving Techniques 23 GreenWeb can support a range

    of energy saving techniques

93. Choices of Energy-saving Techniques 23 GreenWeb can support a range

    of energy saving techniques ▹Dynamic resolution scaling [MobiCom 2015] ▹Power-saving display colors [MobiSys 2012] ▹Selective resource loading [NSDI 2015]

94. Choices of Energy-saving Techniques 23 GreenWeb can support a range

    of energy saving techniques ▹Dynamic resolution scaling [MobiCom 2015] ▹Power-saving display colors [MobiSys 2012] ▹Selective resource loading [NSDI 2015] ▹ACMP-based hardware mechanism

95. ACMP-based Hardware Substrate 24

96. ACMP-based Hardware Substrate 24 ▸ Asymmetric Chip-multiprocessor, a.k.a., Big/Little architecture

97. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based Hardware Substrate

    24 ▸ Asymmetric Chip-multiprocessor, a.k.a., Big/Little architecture

98. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based Hardware Substrate

    24 ▸ Asymmetric Chip-multiprocessor, a.k.a., Big/Little architecture Frequency Levels

99. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based Hardware Substrate

    24 ▸ Asymmetric Chip-multiprocessor, a.k.a., Big/Little architecture ▸ Already used in commodity devices (e.g., Samsung Galaxy S6) Frequency Levels

100. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25

101. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25 ▸ Provide just enough energy to meet QoS constraints

102. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25 ▸ Provide just enough energy to meet QoS constraints div {ontouchend: latency, 16 ms}

103. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25 ▸ Provide just enough energy to meet QoS constraints 16 ms div {ontouchend: latency, 16 ms}

104. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25 ▸ Provide just enough energy to meet QoS constraints 16 ms div {ontouchend: latency, 16 ms}

105. Energy Consumption Performance Big Core Small Core ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime

     25 ▸ Provide just enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015]

106. Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide just

     enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy =

107. Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide just

     enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = Tmemory + [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy =

108. Tcpu Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide

     just enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = Tmemory + [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy =

109. Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide just

     enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = Tmemory + Ncycles / f [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy =

110. Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide just

     enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = Tmemory + Ncycles / f [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy =

111. Energy Consumption Performance ACMP-based GreenWeb Runtime 26 ▸ Provide just

     enough energy to meet QoS constraints ▸ Event-based scheduling [HPCA 2015] Execution Time = Tmemory + Ncycles / f [PLDI 2003] Xie, et al., “Compile-Time Dynamic Voltage Scaling Settings: Opportunities and Limits” Energy = Execution Time x Power

112. ▸ Language abstractions 27 ▸ Runtime that saves energy while

     meeting the QoS constraints ▸ Result hardware/software implementations GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency

113. ▸ Language abstractions 27 ▸ Runtime the QoS constraints ▸

     Result in 60% energy savings on real hardware/software implementations GreenWeb: Language for Energy-Efficiency

114. Real Hardware/Software Setup 28 ODroid XU+E development board, which contains

     an Exynos 5410 SoC used in Samsung Galaxy S4.

115. Real Hardware/Software Setup 28 ODroid XU+E development board, which contains

     an Exynos 5410 SoC used in Samsung Galaxy S4. Implementation incorporated into Chrome running on Android.

116. Real Hardware/Software Setup 28 ODroid XU+E development board, which contains

     an Exynos 5410 SoC used in Samsung Galaxy S4. Implementation incorporated into Chrome running on Android. UI-level record and replay for reproducibility. [ISPASS’15]

117. Evaluation ▸Baseline Mechanisms ▹Highest performance (Perf) — Standard to guarantee

     responsiveness ▹Interactive governor (Interactive) — Android default 29 29

118. Evaluation ▸Baseline Mechanisms ▹Highest performance (Perf) — Standard to guarantee

     responsiveness ▹Interactive governor (Interactive) — Android default 29 ▸Metrics ▹Energy Saving ▹QoS Violation 29

119. Evaluation ▸Baseline Mechanisms ▹Highest performance (Perf) — Standard to guarantee

     responsiveness ▹Interactive governor (Interactive) — Android default 29 ▸Metrics ▹Energy Saving ▹QoS Violation 29 ▸Applications ▹Top webpages (e.g., www.amazon.com) ▹Web Apps based on popular frameworks (e.g., Todo List)

120. 30 Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist

     Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf Evaluation Results

121. 31 Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist

     Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf Evaluation Results

122. 32 Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist

     Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf Evaluation Results

123. 33 Evaluation Results QoS Violations (%) 0.0 0.8 1.5 2.3

     3.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf

124. Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs

     Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf 34 Evaluation Results QoS Violations (%) 0.0 0.8 1.5 2.3 3.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN No QoS Violations

125. Norm. Energy 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.8 1.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs

     Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN GreenWeb Interactive Perf 34 Evaluation Results QoS Violations (%) 0.0 0.8 1.5 2.3 3.0 CamanJS Craigslist Paperjs Goo Google Todo CNet BBC LZMA-JS Amazon W3School MSN 29.2% - 66.0% energy savings, 0.8% more QoS violations No QoS Violations

126. 35 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and QoS

     in mobile Web computing

127. 35 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and QoS

     in mobile Web computing Abstraction Express QoS constraints

128. 35 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and QoS

     in mobile Web computing Abstraction Express QoS constraints Runtime Satisfy QoS specifications using energy saving techniques

129. 35 GreenWeb Programming language support for balancing energy-efficiency and QoS

     in mobile Web computing Abstraction Express QoS constraints Runtime Satisfy QoS specifications using energy saving techniques Effect Significant energy savings

130. 36 wattwiseweb.org

131. 37 GreenWeb: Language Extensions for Energy-Efficient Mobile Web Computing Yuhao

     Zhu The University of Texas at Austin with Vijay Janapa Reddi PLDI 2016