Sécurité & HTTP @ Symfony Live Paris 2016

Si autrefois nous ne nous soucions guère de la sécurité dans nos applications, il serait aujourd'hui impensable de se lancer dans le développement d'une application sans prendre en compte la sécurité vis à vis d'HTTP.

Sans parler des outils communément utilisés dans Symfony (csrf_token, auto escaping Twig, escaping de commandes, hashage de données...), cette présentation s'attachera à présenter les différentes possibilités (CSP, HSTS, Framing options, etc...) offertes par les navigateurs et qu'il est facile a mettre en oeuvre dans Symfony via des bundles ou de la configuration pour éliminer de nombreux vecteurs d'attaque comme les DNS, le CDN poisoning ou les XSS.

https://joind.in/talk/b01cc

Transcript

1. Sécurité & HTTP
2. Sécurité & HTTP Romain Neutron https://github.com/romainneutron
3. Sécurité & HTTP
4. Sécurité & HTTP
5. Sécurité & HTTP
6. Sécurité & HTTP
8. Sécurité & HTTP
9. $ curl -I https://github.com 
 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 Server: GitHub.com
 Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2016 20:10:13 GMT
 Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
 Status: 200 OK
 Cache-Control: no-cache
 Vary: X-PJAX
 X-UA-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1
 Set-Cookie: logged_in=no; domain=.github.com; path=/; expires=Fri, 04 Apr 2036 20:10:13 -0000; secure; HttpOn Set-Cookie: _gh_sess=eyJzZXNzaW9uX2lkIjoiYzE1ZjE3NjA4Yjg1MWM3MTk4MjY0ZjdiMzY5ZDJhNzciLCJfY3NyZl
 X-Request-Id: 048b988349db27c05f13900c2b8c8dd5
 X-Runtime: 0.011717
 Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'none'; base-uri 'self'; block-all-mixed-content; child-sr
 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload
 Public-Key-Pins: max-age=1209600; pin-sha256="WoiWRyIOVNa9ihaBciRSC7XHjliYS9VwUGOIud4PB18=";e2gyHMrW5Q06LspMn X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff
 X-Frame-Options: deny
 X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
 Vary: Accept-Encoding
 X-Served-By: 7cc969f65c7ec8d9db2fa57dcc51d323
 X-GitHub-Request-Id: 55A8461C:0E34:67919BE:5702CA25 Sécurité & HTTP
10. $ curl -I https://www.google.fr
 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2016 20:09:15 GMT
 Expires: -1
 Cache-Control: private, max-age=0
 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
 P3P: CP="This is not a P3P policy! See https://www.google.com/support/accounts/answer/151657?hl=en for more i Server: gws
 X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
 X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
 Set-Cookie: NID=78=qz0a3gQjdiDNPGOR3AAVCO72jOeyaj_EoA8nXeDud6dEqZty2mEdqd9j4gkSNYoqLNM9PyMu_7SgGDEv5lVxn24zII Alternate-Protocol: 443:quic
 Alt-Svc: quic=":443"; ma=2592000; v="32,31,30,29,28,27,26,25"
 Transfer-Encoding: chunked
 Accept-Ranges: none
 Vary: Accept-Encoding Sécurité & HTTP
11. $ curl -I https://www.dropbox.com
 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 Server: nginx
 Date: Mon, 04 Apr 2016 20:10:37 GMT
 Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
 Connection: keep-alive
 x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block
 content-security-policy: img-src https://* data: blob: ; connect-src https://* ws://127.0.0.1:*/ws ; media-sr x-content-type-options: nosniff
 set-cookie: locale=en; Domain=dropbox.com; expires=Sat, 03 Apr 2021 20:10:37 GMT; Path=/; secure
 set-cookie: gvc=MTYxMzM2OTE1MjU0MzgyMTA2NDI1MzIxMzUyNzc3MDg1ODIzOTA4; expires=Sat, 03 Apr 2021 20:10:37 GMT; set-cookie: __Host-js_csrf=VQ1woPFdbo194pKVi50HJuTa; expires=Thu, 04 Apr 2019 20:10:37 GMT; Path=/; secure
 set-cookie: t=VQ1woPFdbo194pKVi50HJuTa; Domain=dropbox.com; expires=Thu, 04 Apr 2019 20:10:37 GMT; httponly; set-cookie: puc=; expires=Mon, 04 Apr 2016 20:10:37 GMT; httponly; Path=/; secure
 x-dropbox-request-id: 7772ee5113bda6243af26076c8e25206
 pragma: no-cache
 cache-control: no-cache
 x-dropbox-http-protocol: None
 x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
 X-Server-Response-Time: 190
 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=15552000; includeSubDomains Sécurité & HTTP
12. Sécurité & HTTP
13. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
14. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
15. X-Xss-Protection • Prevent XSS reflected attacks • Supported by IE8+ and Chrome • Enabled / disabled • mode-block to completely turn off rendering X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2011/01/31/controlling-the-internet-explorer-xss-filter-with-the-x-xss-protection-http-header.aspx
16. X-Xss-Protection • Prevent XSS reflected attacks • Supported by IE8+ and Chrome • Enabled / disabled • mode-block to completely turn off rendering X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2011/01/31/controlling-the-internet-explorer-xss-filter-with-the-x-xss-protection-http-header.aspx #BOUTIN
17. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
18. X-Content-Type-Options • Supported by IE and Chrome • "nosniff" only supported value X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2008/09/02/ie8-security-part-vi-beta-2-update/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_sniffing
19. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
20. X-Frame-Options • Supported by Chrome, IE 9, Safari and Firefox • Prevents clickjacking • Watch Alain’s talk --> X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
21. Sécurité & HTTP server {
 listen 80;
 
 server_name domain.com;
 add_header x-xss-protection "1; mode=block"; add_header x-frame-options "DENY"; add_header x-content-type-options "nosniff"; }

23. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
24. Strict-Transport-Security • RFC-7697 • Supported by Chrome, IE 11, Safari and Firefox • Enforce use of HTTPS on your website / Turns any insecure link to secure link • Protects from Protocol Downgrade • Blocks access if no trusted certificate is provided • Only valid after first connection, but can be preloaded Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=expireTime [; includeSubdomains] [; preload] https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797
25. Strict-Transport-Security Register on https://hstspreload.appspot.com/ for preload 
 Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=expireTime [; includeSubdomains] [; preload] https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797
26. Strict-Transport-Security server {
 listen 80;
 
 server_name domain.com;
 rewrite ^/(.*) https://$host/$1 permanent;
 }
 server {
 listen 443;
 ssl on;
 
 server_name domain.com;
 add_header Strict-Transport-Security “max-age=31536000;"; # ...
 } https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797
28. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world OWASP useful HTTP headers
29. Content-Security-Policy • Supported by Chrome, IE 9, Safari and Firefox • Prevents XSS • Declare directives about what can be executed on your website Content-Security-Policy: default ‘self’; script-src ‘self’ https://mycdn.com; style-src ‘self’ https://mycdn.com https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/
30. All these directives accept a source list • default-src - fallback for any non-declared directive • script-src - <scripts> • style-src - <link rel=“stylesheet"> / @import CSS rule • object-src - <object> / <embed> / <applet> • img-src - <img> sources • media-src - <video> / <audio> / <source> / <track> sources • frame-src - <iframe> / <frame> sources • font-src - @font-face CSS rule • connect-src - XHR open / WebSocket or EventSource constructor https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
31. Source list structure: <directive> source1 source2 … sourceN; Special sources: • 'self' : the same origin as the current page (all directives) • 'unsafe-line' : inline script (script-src and style-src directives) • 'unsafe-eval' : eval / new Function() are disabled / setTimeout and setInterval with non- callable do not work (script-src directive) default-src: 'self'; script-src 'self' https://cdn.domain.com 'unsafe-eval'; https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
32. Content-Security-Policy: 
 default-src 'self'; 
 script-src 'self' https://cdn.domain.com; 
 style-src 'self' https://cdn.domain.com; https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
33. 'unsafe-eval' Warning: jQuery uses eval when inserting <script> DOM node: # does not work
 document
 .getElementsByTagName('body')[0]
 .innerHTML = '<script>console.log("Hello roro")</script>'
 
 # works
 jQuery('body').html('<script>console.log("Hello roro")</script>') https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
34. 'unsafe-inline' What about my inline scripts?
 
 <script>
 window.api_key = '{{ api_key }}';
 </script>
 
 <style>
 body {
 background-color: red;
 }
 </style>
 https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
35. Content-Security-Policy: 
 default-src 'self'; 
 script-src 'self' https://cdn.domain.com; 
 style-src 'self' https://cdn.domain.com; Content-Security-Policy: 
 default-src 'self'; 
 script-src 'self' 'unsafe-eval' 'unsafe-inline' https://cdn.domain.com; 
 style-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline' https://cdn.domain.com; https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ Content-Security-Policy Level 1 - Directives
36. https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ W3C Recommendation 2014-2015 • New directives • Hashes and nonces for inline scripting Content-Security-Policy Level 2
37. All these directives accept a source list 
 
 • base-uri - available document base-urls, no fallback on default-src • child-src - workers and frames. Deprecates frame-src • form-action - <form> actions URLs, no fallback on default-src • frame-ancestors - Is the document embeddable in <frame>, <iframe>, <object>, <applet> or <embed> - related to X-Frame-Options - 'none' is the 'DENY' • plugin-type - mime-types list. <object>, <embed> or <applet> should match the with their type attribute https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Directives
38. Introduces nonces (random value per request) for inline scripting: # HTML
 <script nonce="c89143d4b599538c81058b80a6f975a6">
 window.config.apiKey = 'api-key';
 </script>
 <style nonce="5c5260e3c82f1724a903612c0fc11a0f">
 body { background-color: red; }
 </style> # HTTP header
 Content-Security-Policy: 
 script-src 'self' 'nonce-c89143d4b599538c81058b80a6f975a6';
 style-src 'self' 'nonce-5c5260e3c82f1724a903612c0fc11a0f'; Con: an attacker that can gain access to the nonce can execute whatever script. https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Nonce
39. Introduces hashes (sha256, sha384 and sha512) for inline scripting: # HTML
 <script>
 window.config.apiKey = 'api-key';
 </script> # HTTP header
 Content-Security-Policy: 
 script-src 'self' 'sha256-voRt1IK8+FVdRFaTgn8K6ET46mYOZvT7kYG6Wo3eJNU=' # PHP
 $hash = base64_encode(openssl_digest($scriptContent, 'sha256', true)) https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Hashes
40. Introduces hashes (sha256, sha384 and sha512) for inline scripting: # HTML
 <style>
 body { background-color: red; }
 </style> # HTTP header
 Content-Security-Policy: 
 script-src 'self' 'sha256-xWFKpNfjw6Di/Op4dyVBe876d12Yggw8WSB6ojNM/bM=' # PHP
 base64_encode(openssl_digest($scriptContent, 'sha256', true)) https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Hashes
41. http://caniuse.com/#search=csp Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Support
42. In CSP level 2 'unsafe-inline' is not considered if the a nonce or a hash is contained in the same source list Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'unsafe-inline' 'nonce-c89143d4b599538c81058b80a6f975a6' Is interpreted in CSP level 1 context as: Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'unsafe-inline' Is interpreted in CSP level 2 context as: Content-Security-Policy: script-src 'nonce-c89143d4b599538c81058b80a6f975a6' https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2 - Support
43. So you can use CSP level 2
 with hashes and nonces
 as long as you still include 
 the 'unsafe-inline' directive Chrome, Safari, IE 11, Safari and Firefox https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy Level 2
45. • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers OWASP useful HTTP headers
46. Content-Security-Policy
 might be difficult to implement
 in a legacy project :( https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
47. composer require nelmio/security-bundle csp: enforce:
 default-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 script-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 style-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%' report-uri: [ '/csp/report' ]
 https://github.com/nelmio/NelmioSecurityBundle Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
48. composer require nelmio/security-bundle 
 {% cspscript %}
 <script>
 window.api_key = '{{ api_key }}';
 </script>
 {% endcspscript %}
 
 {% cspstyle %}
 <style>
 body {
 background-color: red;
 }
 </style>
 {% endcspstyle %} https://github.com/nelmio/NelmioSecurityBundle Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
49. composer require nelmio/security-bundle csp: enforce:
 default-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 script-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 style-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%' report-uri: [ '/csp/report' ] https://github.com/nelmio/NelmioSecurityBundle Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
50. composer require nelmio/security-bundle csp: enforce:
 default-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 script-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%'
 style-src:
 - 'self'
 - 'unsafe-inline'
 - 'https://%assets_domain%' report-uri: [ '/csp/report' ] https://github.com/nelmio/NelmioSecurityBundle Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
51. Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only • Don't apply the rules, just collect directives violations • Can be used alongside Content-Security-Policy header
 to test a new version Content-Security-Policy-Report-Only: 
 default-src 'self'; report-uri /csp-report-endpoint/ https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
52. Content-Security-Policy report-uri • Reports Content Security Policy violations Content-Security-Policy: 
 default-src 'self'; report-uri /csp-report-endpoint/ https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
53. {
 'blocked-uri': 'https://m74.dnsqa2016.com',
 'column-number': 290,
 'document-uri': 'https://blackfire.io/',
 'effective-directive': 'script-src',
 'line-number': 45,
 'original-policy': 'default-src \'self\' https://d2vqbs7xgyce6n.cloudfront.n', 'referrer': 'https://www.google.pl/',
 'source-file': 'https://www.google-analytics.com',
 'status-code': 0,
 'violated-directive': 'script-src \'self\' \'unsafe-inline\' https://www.gstat } https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy report-uri Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
54. AngularJS Compatibility • Angular detects CSP usage, but it triggers a CSP security exception. • Force angular to behaves in CSP with ng-csp directive (provided natively within angular.js) <body ng-csp>
 <body ng-csp="no-unsafe-eval">
 <body ng-csp="no-inline-style"> https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ Content-Security-Policy - Project Setup
55. Is my website secured with Content-Security-Policy? Sécurité & HTTP
56. Sécurité & HTTP Is my website secured with Content-Security-Policy? • Browser extensions have incredible access, you can not do anything about it
57. Sécurité & HTTP Is my website secured with Content-Security-Policy? • Browser extensions have incredible access, you can not do anything about it • You still use trackers (GA) => 
 disable them on sensitive pages
58. Sécurité & HTTP Is my website secured with Content-Security-Policy? • Browser extensions have incredible access, you can not do anything about it • You still use trackers (GA) => 
 disable them on sensitive pages • Your CDN can be compromised
59. Sécurité & HTTP Is my website secured with Content-Security-Policy? • Browser extensions have incredible access, you can not do anything about it • You still use trackers (GA) => 
 disable them on sensitive pages • Your CDN can be compromised
60. Remember the Great Cannon? Sécurité & HTTP
61. http://www.securityweek.com/great-cannon-attack-tool-used-china-censorship-enforcement Sécurité & HTTP: Subresource Integrity
62. • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers OWASP useful HTTP headers
64. https://www.w3.org/TR/SRI/ http://githubengineering.com/subresource-integrity/ • W3C recommendation from late 2015 • For <script> and <link> tags • Support sha256, sha-384 and sha512 message digests • Adds a hash to a resource to check integrity • Server should use CORS as defined by spec (to mitigate brute force attack) <script 
 crossorigin=“anonymous” 
 src="/assets/application.js" 
 integrity="sha256-TvVUHzSfftWg1rcfL6TIJ0XKEGrgLyEq6lEpcmrG9qs="
 ></script> Sécurité & HTTP: Subresource Integrity
65. http://caniuse.com/#feat=subresource-integrity Sécurité & HTTP: Subresource Integrity
66. https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world Subresource Integrity OWASP useful HTTP headers
67. • X-XSS-Protection • X-Content-Type-Options • X-Frame-Options • Strict-Transport-Security • Content-Security-Policy • CSP in Real World • End of the world Subresource Integrity • Public Key Pinning https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers OWASP useful HTTP headers
69. Resources • https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech/2015/09/on-csp-reporting-and-filtering/ • https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech/2015/09/unsafe-inline-and-nonce-deployment/ • https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech/2015/09/csp-the-unexpected-eval/ • https://blogs.dropbox.com/tech/2015/09/csp-third-party-integrations-and-privilege-separation/ • http://githubengineering.com/subresource-integrity/ • https://blog.cloudflare.com/an-introduction-to-javascript-based-ddos/ • http://www.securityweek.com/great-cannon-attack-tool-used-china-censorship-enforcement • https://www.blackhat.com/presentations/bh-dc-09/Marlinspike/BlackHat-DC-09-Marlinspike-Defeating-SSL.pdf • https://github.com/nelmio/NelmioSecurityBundle • https://www.owasp.org/index.php/List_of_useful_HTTP_headers • https://www.w3.org/TR/SRI/ • https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP2/ • https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/CR-CSP-20121115/ • https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6797 • http://caniuse.com/#feat=subresource-integrity • http://caniuse.com/#search=csp • https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/ie/2008/09/02/ie8-security-part-vi-beta-2-update/ • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_sniffing • https://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2011/01/31/controlling-the-internet-explorer-xss-filter-with-the-x-xss-protection-http-header.aspx
70. THANK YOU !!
71. THANK YOU !! Questions?