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Dockerizing Django projects
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Roberto Rosario
April 15, 2016
Programming
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Dockerizing Django projects
Pros and Cons of the different ways there are to turn a Django project into a Docker container.
Roberto Rosario
April 15, 2016
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Transcript
Dockerizing Django projects Roberto Rosario robertorosario.com
Who am I? robertorosario.com
[email protected]
Roberto Rosario
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What is Docker?
Docker provides an integrated technology suite that enables development and
IT operations teams to build, ship, and run distributed applications anywhere.
In human now.
Containers.
Lightweight virtualization. ie: No video hardware emulation.
Some devops now hate me.
Deploy everywhere.
Easy scalability.
Even auto scaling.
Deploying Django: Old school.
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Deployed! Congratulations!
Your users have now quadrupled!
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Server are old, let’s go virtual!
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Different technology, same problem.
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Django and Docker?
Configuration files.
First steps.
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Classes Instances
More devops hate me now.
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Dockerfile
An entire OS for just a part of the Django
project?
Not to worry.
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Your Django project
Your Django project
Your Django project image Your Django project
Base image = Base class Your image = Subclass
Pretty much every devops hate me at this point.
One size doesn’t fit all.
Monolithic
App Workers Web server
docker run --name postgres -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword
-v /var/lib/postgresql/data -d postgres docker run --name redis -d redis docker run --name mayan-edms -p 80:80 --link postgres:postgres --link redis:redis -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist- packages/mayan/media -d mayanedms/monolithic
• Single download • Low entry barrier • Easiest to
maintain • Big size download • Not good for scaling • Same VM/Server problem
Split
App Workers Web server
Split ~ Frontend + Backend
• Scale individually • Smaller download • Best approach for
production • Harder to setup • Need documentation • Several DockerFiles
Mixed
Role Frontend Backend
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• Single download • Can reuse configuration file templates •
Single core repo • Bigger size download
Lean
Lean = Split without any 3rd party
App Workers Web server
• Smallest download • Hardest to configure • Might not
scale best • Might violate port export concept
Django + uWSGI NGINX
Django + uWSGI NGINX TCP Port uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:3031; socket =
127.0.0.1:3031
Django + uWSGI NGINX socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock; ?
Django + uWSGI NGINX socket = /tmp/uwsgi.sock uwsgi_pass unix:///tmp/uwsgi.sock; Volume?
• Need to include NGINX config
$ docker run --name some-nginx -v /some/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro -d nginx
environment: - NGINX_HOST=foobar.com - NGINX_PORT=80 command: /bin/bash -c "envsubst <
/etc/nginx/conf.d/mysite.template > /etc/nginx/conf. d/default.conf && nginx -g 'daemon off;'"
Last approach
Kitchen sink
App Workers Database Web server Broker
• Single download • Lowest entry barrier • Biggest size
download • Terrible for scaling • Same VM/Server problem • Support 3rd party software
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Educational purposes only
Don’t use in production
EVER!
Kitchen sink will freeze your servers
Devops don’t like frozen servers
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Don’t turn your devops into Gordon Ramsay
Post init actions
migrate & collectstatic
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Service synchronization
$ docker run --name postgres -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /var/lib/postgresql/data -d postgres $ docker run --name redis -d redis $ docker run --name mayan-edms -p 80:80 --link postgres:postgres --link redis:redis -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist- packages/mayan/media -d mayanedms/monolithic
Database connection error.
None
$ docker run --name postgres -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /var/lib/postgresql/data -d postgres $ docker run --name redis -d redis $ docker run --name mayan-edms -p 80:80 --link postgres:postgres --link redis:redis -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist- packages/mayan/media -d mayanedms/monolithic
$ docker run --name postgres -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e
POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /var/lib/postgresql/data -d postgres $ docker run --name redis -d redis $ docker run --name mayan-edms -p 80:80 --link postgres:postgres --link redis:redis -e POSTGRES_DB=mayan -e POSTGRES_USER=mayan -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -v /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist- packages/mayan/media -d mayanedms/monolithic until nc -z $POSTGRES_PORT_5432_TCP_ADDR $POSTGRES_PORT_5432_TCP_PORT; do echo "$(date) - waiting for postgres..." sleep 1 done
Service synchronization doesn’t belong in configuration files.
until nc -z $POSTGRES_PORT_5432_TCP_ADDR $POSTGRES_PORT_5432_TCP_PORT; do echo "$(date) - waiting
for postgres..." sleep 1 done until nc -z $RABBITMQ_PORT_5672_TCP_ADDR $RABBITMQ_PORT_5672_TCP_PORT; do echo "$(date) - waiting for rabbitmq..." sleep 1 done
More problems.
• Not foolproof • Mute services • nc is not
universal • API URL paths?
Solutions?
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$ docker run -d --name mycontainer some-image-or-other $ docker run
--link mycontainer:mycontainer aanand/wait waiting for TCP connection to 172.17.0.105:5432......ok
Interesting, but...
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An entire container to run nc.
Cool solution, wrong problem.
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It’s the container manager’s responsibility.
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Kubernetes approach
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Port, path, initial delay & timeout!
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Docker upstream native approach needed
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Templating
Docker images are static. Less reusable.
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Docker containers are configured with environment variables.
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uWSGI support environment variables. NGINX doesn’t.
Docker upstream native approach needed
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“Thank you for using Docker” “But your fix is in
another repository”
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Options?
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And then there is genius
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Bonus
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Can help with logs too
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Demo time
Lessons learned?
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Thank you!