Goaze geven met Varnish

Slides for my Varnish talk at the April 2017 meetup of PHP West-Vlaanderen. See https://talks.feryn.eu/talks/168/goaze-geven-met-varnish-php-west-vlaanderen-april-meetup-brugge for more details

Transcript

1. Goaze geven Deur Thijs Feryn met Varnish
2. Trage websites suckn
3. De mensjn en gèren rappe sites User Experience
4. No de kloten Trage ~ plat
5. Yo gastjes, 't is ier Thijs
7. 'k Zien @ThijsFeryn ip Twitter
8. 'k Zien Evanhelist bie
9. ’k Weunen in Diksmude
10. Aan de Pluum’n
11. Juuste niet bachten de Kupe
13. Mo money Mo servers Meer kluitn, meer servers
14. Cache
15. Nie herbereken ot niet veranderd is
17. Geweunlijk Gebruker Server
18. With Varnish Gebruker Varnish Server
20. Worom is 't zo goed?
21. Slimme kernel trucs
22. Bewoart HTTP output in't heheuhn*
23. Respecteert HTTP best practices
24. Varnish Configuration Language
25. Hoe scheid da met TLS/SSL?
26. 't goat hier over Varnish 4 hé !
27. Installeern & configureern
28. apt-get install apt-transport-https curl https://repo.varnish-cache.org/GPG-key.txt | apt-key add - echo "deb https://repo.varnish-cache.org/debian/ jessie varnish-4.1"\ >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/varnish-cache.list apt-get update apt-get install varnish Ip Debian Ubuntu & CentOS is ook meugelik
29. -a :80 \ -a :81,PROXY \ -T localhost:6082 \ -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \ -S /etc/varnish/secret \ -s malloc,3g Simpele configuroasje
30. vcl 4.0; backend default { .host = "localhost"; .port = "8080"; } Minimale VCL
31. Varnish klapt HTTP
32. ✓Idempotensje ✓Toestand ✓Vervallen ✓Conditionele requests ✓Cache varioasjes Varnish klapt HTTP
33. ✓GET ✓HEAD -POST -PUT -PATCH -DELETE -TRACE -OPTIONS Idempotencsje Ollene GET & HEAD
34. ✓Cacht gin cookies ✓Cacht gin set-cookies ✓Cacht gin Authorization headers Toestand User- specific content wordt standoard niet gecachet Helpt je hit rate no de kloten
35. Vervallen Expires: Sat, 09 Sep 2017 14:30:00 GMT Cache-control: public, max-age=3600, s-maxage=86400 Cache-control: private, no-cache, no-store
36. Voorrang 1. beresp.ttl (VCL) 2. s-maxage 3. max-age 4. expires 5. 120 seconden
37. Conditionele requests HTTP/1.1 200 OK Host: localhost Etag: 7c9d70604c6061da9bb9377d3f00eb27 Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Hello world output GET /if_none_match.php HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: curl/7.48.0
38. Conditionele requests HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified Host: localhost Etag: 7c9d70604c6061da9bb9377d3f00eb27 GET /if_none_match.php HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: curl/7.48.0 If-None-Match: 7c9d70604c6061da9bb9377d3f00eb27
39. Conditionele requests HTTP/1.1 200 OK Host: localhost Last-Modified: Fri, 22 Jul 2016 10:11:16 GMT Content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 Hello world output GET /if_none_match.php HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: curl/7.48.0
40. Conditionele requests HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified Host: localhost Last-Modified: Fri, 22 Jul 2016 10:11:16 GMT GET /if_none_match.php HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost User-Agent: curl/7.48.0 If-Modified-Since: Fri, 22 Jul 2016 10:11:16 GMT
41. ✓Hostname (of IP) ✓URL Cache varioasjes Object identificeren in cache
42. Cache varioasjes GET / HTTP/1.1 Host: localhost Accept-Language: nl HTTP/1.1 200 OK Host: localhost Vary: Accept-Language Hallo, deze pagina is in het Nederlands geschreven.
43. Built-in VCL cheat sheet
44. ✓Ollene GET & HEAD ✓Gin Cookie ✓Gin Authorization Built-in VCL (voorkant) Ipzoekn in cache Anders "pass" en nie cachen
45. ✓Gin Set-Cookie ✓TTL > 0 ✓Gin "no-cache", "private", "no-store" Built-in VCL (achterkant) Ipsloan in cache Anders blacklist voe 120s
46. D'echte VCL code
47. sub vcl_recv { if (req.method == "PRI") { /* We do not support SPDY or HTTP/2.0 */ return (synth(405)); } if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD" && req.method != "PUT" && req.method != "POST" && req.method != "TRACE" && req.method != "OPTIONS" && req.method != "DELETE") { /* Non-RFC2616 or CONNECT which is weird. */ return (pipe); } if (req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") { /* We only deal with GET and HEAD by default */ return (pass); } if (req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) { /* Not cacheable by default */ return (pass); } return (hash); }
48. sub vcl_pipe { # By default Connection: close is set on all piped requests, to stop # connection reuse from sending future requests directly to the # (potentially) wrong backend. If you do want this to happen, you can undo # it here. # unset bereq.http.connection; return (pipe); } sub vcl_pass { return (fetch); } sub vcl_hash { hash_data(req.url); if (req.http.host) { hash_data(req.http.host); } else { hash_data(server.ip); } return (lookup); }
49. sub vcl_purge { return (synth(200, "Purged")); } sub vcl_hit { if (obj.ttl >= 0s) { // A pure unadultered hit, deliver it return (deliver); } if (obj.ttl + obj.grace > 0s) { // Object is in grace, deliver it // Automatically triggers a background fetch return (deliver); } // fetch & deliver once we get the result return (miss); } sub vcl_miss { return (fetch); } sub vcl_deliver { return (deliver); }
50. sub vcl_backend_fetch { return (fetch); } sub vcl_backend_response { if (beresp.ttl <= 0s || beresp.http.Set-Cookie || beresp.http.Surrogate-control ~ "no-store" || (!beresp.http.Surrogate-Control && beresp.http.Cache-Control ~ "no-cache|no- store|private") || beresp.http.Vary == "*") { /* * Mark as "Hit-For-Pass" for the next 2 minutes */ set beresp.ttl = 120s; set beresp.uncacheable = true; } return (deliver); }
51. De werkelijkheid suckt
54. Cache-control ?
55. Oede briel
56. Schrieft VCL
57. Normaliseren
58. vcl 4.0; import std; sub vcl_recv { set req.http.Host = regsub(req.http.Host, ":[0-9]+", ""); set req.url = std.querysort(req.url); if (req.url ~ "\#") { set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\#.*$", ""); } if (req.url ~ "\?$") { set req.url = regsub(req.url, "\?$", ""); } if (req.restarts == 0) { if (req.http.Accept-Encoding) { if (req.http.User-Agent ~ "MSIE 6") { unset req.http.Accept-Encoding; } elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "gzip") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "gzip"; } elsif (req.http.Accept-Encoding ~ "deflate") { set req.http.Accept-Encoding = "deflate"; } else { unset req.http.Accept-Encoding; } } } }
59. sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ "^/status\.php$" || req.url ~ "^/update\.php$" || req.url ~ "^/admin$" || req.url ~ "^/admin/.*$" || req.url ~ "^/user$" || req.url ~ "^/user/.*$" || req.url ~ "^/flag/.*$" || req.url ~ "^.*/ajax/.*$" || req.url ~ "^.*/ahah/.*$") { return (pass); } } URL blacklist
60. sub vcl_recv { if (req.url ~ "^/products/?" return (hash); } } URL whitelist
61. Koekn
62. vcl 4.0; sub vcl_recv { set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "has_js=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__utm.=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "_ga=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "_gat=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmctr=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmcmd.=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "utmccn.=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__gads=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__qc.=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "__atuv.=[^;]+(; )?", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "^;\s*", ""); if (req.http.cookie ~ "^\s*$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } Tracking cookies wegdoen
63. vcl 4.0; sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Cookie) { set req.http.Cookie = ";" + req.http.Cookie; set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "; +", ";"); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";(PHPSESSID)=", "; \1="); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";[^ ][^;]*", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "^[; ]+|[; ]+$", ""); if (req.http.cookie ~ "^\s*$") { unset req.http.cookie; } } } Ollene session cookie bewoaren
64. sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.Cookie) { set req.http.Cookie = ";" + req.http.Cookie; set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "; +", ";"); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";(language)=", "; \1="); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, ";[^ ][^;]*", ""); set req.http.Cookie = regsuball(req.http.Cookie, "^[; ]+|[; ]+$", ""); if (req.http.cookie ~ "^\s*$") { unset req.http.cookie; return(pass); } return(hash); } } sub vcl_hash { hash_data(regsub( req.http.Cookie, "^.*language=([^;]*);*.*$", "\1" )); } Cache variaosje op language cookie
65. Of gebruukt vmod_cookie
66. Alternatieve taal cache varioasje
67. sub vcl_hash { hash_data(req.http.Accept-Language); } HTTP/1.1 200 OK Host: localhost Vary: Accept-Language Hash de tale Of gebruukt
68. Wuk doej met koekn?
69. ✓Nie olles in een session smietn ✓Gebruukt vaste cookies ✓Doe tracking cookies weg uut VCL ✓Gebruukt cookies in VCL voe beslissingen te pakn ✓Cache varioasjes met cookies ✓Gebruukt ollene mo session cookies ot echt nodig is ✓Gebruikt JWT voe session state client- side ip te sloan Wuk doej met koekn?
70. Blokn cachen
72. Code spuugt één HTTP response uut
73. Bie gevolg: nie cachen
74. <esi:include src="/header" /> Edge Side Includes ✓Placeholder ✓Geparsed deur Varnish ✓Output is è compoziesje van blokn ✓Toestand per blok ✓TTL per blok
75. sub vcl_recv { set req.http.Surrogate-Capability = "key=ESI/1.0"; } sub vcl_backend_response { if (beresp.http.Surrogate-Control ~ "ESI/1.0") { unset beresp.http.Surrogate-Control; set beresp.do_esi = true; } } Edge Side Includes
76. ESI vergeleken met AJAX
77. <esi:include src="/header" /> Peist goed, kiest verstandig <hx:include src="/header"></hx:include> ESI, geparsed duer Varnish HInclude, geparsed deur Javascript
78. Druk ip de ketel
79. ✓Varnishlog ✓Varnishtop ✓Varnishstat Druk ip de ketel
80. Nieuws dat er niet deure komt
81. Purge
82. acl purge { "localhost"; "127.0.0.1"; "::1"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.method == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { return (synth(405, “Not allowed.”)); } return (purge); } } Purge
83. acl purge { "localhost"; "127.0.0.1"; "::1"; } sub vcl_backend_response { set beresp.http.x-url = bereq.url; set beresp.http.x-host = bereq.http.host; } sub vcl_deliver { unset resp.http.x-url; unset resp.http.x-host; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.method == "PURGE") { if (!client.ip ~ purge) { return (synth(405, "Not allowed")); } if(req.http.x-purge-regex) { ban("obj.http.x-host == " + req.http.host + " && obj.http.x-url ~ " + req.http.x-purge-regex); } else { ban("obj.http.x-host == " + req.http.host + " && obj.http.x-url == " + req.url); } return (synth(200, "Purged")); } } Ban
84. Ban curl -XPURGE "http://example.com/products" curl -XPURGE -H "x-purge-regex:/products" \ "http://example.com" varnishadm> ban obj.http.x-host == example.com && obj.http.x-url ~ ^/product/[0-9]+/details
85. Minder VCL Betere code
86. https://github.com/ThijsFeryn/ cacheable-site-silex/tree/v2
89. https://twitter.com/thijsferyn https://instagram.com/thijsferyn https://blog.feryn.eu https://talks.feryn.eu https://book.feryn.eu https://youtube.com/thijsferyn https://soundcloud.com/thijsferyn http://itunes.feryn.eu