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組織に自動テストを書く文化を根付かせる戦略(2024秋版) / Building Automa...
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Takuto Wada
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October 18, 2024
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組織に自動テストを書く文化を根付かせる戦略(2024秋版) / Building Automated Test Culture 2024 Autumn Edition
2024年10月18日
日本SPIコンソーシアム(JASPIC) ソフトウェアプロセス改善カンファレンス2024
Takuto Wada
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October 18, 2024
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Transcript
৫ʹࣗಈςετΛॻ͘ จԽΛ͔ࠜͤΔઓུ ʢळ൛ʣ 5BLVUP8"%" 0DU !41*+BQBO !U@XBEB !UXBEB 📷🙆 🙆
!UXBEB JEUXBEB rev.3
͔ΒΞοϓσʔτΛॏͶ͖ͯͨߨԋͷ࠷৽൛Ͱ͢ IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNUXBEB
ιϑτΣΞੈքΛ ҿΈࠐΜͩ 03/93
લఏ*5ࣄۀͷίΞʹͳͬͨ IUUQTXXXFWBOHFMJTNKQSFTPVSDFTCVTJOFTTXJUIJU
IUUQTOPUFDPNNJ[@LVTIJEBOOBEBD 1.#0,ୈ൛ͷେվగ༧ଌܕ͔ΒదԠܕ
ܾΊΒΕͨͷΛ ܾΊΒΕͨͱ͖·Ͱʹ ഁͳ͘࡞Δ ͩΕ͕͑Θ͔Βͳ͍ͷΛ ࡧ͠ͳ͕Β࡞Γଓ͚Δ ͔͕͑͠ࠁʑͱมΘ͍ͬͯ͘ ༧ଌܕ͔ΒదԠܕ
Θ͔Βͳ͍ͳΓʹΓΑ͏͋Δ
IUUQTXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUBUTOBLBEBTT ܦ#1தా͞ΜͷϨϙʔτ
IUUQTXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUBUTOBLBEBTT ମݧͨ͜͠ͱͷͳ͍αʔϏεΛ࡞Δํ๏
IUUQTXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUBUTOBLBEBTT ϦϦʔεͨ͠ʮඞͣؒҧ͍ͬͯΔʯ
IUUQCMPHTJUNFEJBDPKQIJSBOBCFMFBOTUBSUVQJOUSPEVDUJPOJOKBQBOFTFIUNM ϦʔϯελʔτΞοϓ
IUUQTLPLPUBUBUBIBUFOBCMPHDPNFOUSZ ΞδϦςΟΛࢧ͑Δٕज़%FW0QTऩᏑ
ιϑτΣΞͷ։ൃྗͱاۀͷۀʹ ҼՌ͕ؔ͋Δ͜ͱ͕ ౷ܭతʹ༗ҙͳܗͰཱূ͞Εͨ 13/93
ॻ੶ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ
৫ͷύϑΥʔϚϯεͷଌఆࢦඪऩӹੑɺࢢ༗ɺੜ࢈ੑͷͭ ͜ΕΒͭաڈͷௐࠪݚڀ<8JEFOFS>ͰෳճʹΘͨΓ༗ޮੑཱ͕ূ͞Εͯ ͓Γɺࢿརӹ 30* ͱͷߴ͍૬͕ؔ͋ΓɺܠؾͷӨڹΛड͚ͳ͍ ͜͜ͷੳͰɺϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔͷύϑΥʔϚϯεͷଌఆ݁Ռ͕ϩʔύϑΥʔϚ ʔͷͦΕΛ্ճΔʹ͋Γɺ྆ࣾͷରൺҰ؏ͯ͠ഒΛ͍͑ͯΔ ͜ΕʹΑΓɺ৫ͷιϑτΣΞσϦόϦͷέΠύϏϦςΟ ೳྗɺػೳ ɺ
৫ʹڝ૪্ͷ༏ҐੑΛͨΒ͢͜ͱཱ͕ূ͞Εͨ ιϑτΣΞσϦόϦͷೳྗɺ৫ʹڝ૪্ͷ༏ҐੑΛͨΒ͢͜ͱཱ͕ূ͞Εͨ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ
ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫε wϦʔυλΠϜ wσϓϩΠස w.553 ฏۉम෮࣌ؒ wมߋࣦഊ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ
ϦʔυλΠϜͱσϓϩΠසԾઆݕূϓϩηεΛਝʹճ͢ IUUQJLFZIBUFCMPKQFOUSZ
.553.FBOUJNFUP3FDPWFSZ3FQBJS IUUQTXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUEFDPEFEPTSFTJUFSFMJBCJMJUZFOHJOFFSJOHJOB[VSFPOB[VSF Ұ෦վม ͜ͷฏۉ͕.553
IUUQTEPSBEFWQVCMJDBUJPOT 5IF4UBUFPG%FW0QT3FQPSUT
IUUQTTFSWJDFTHPPHMFDPNGI fi MFTNJTDTUBUFPGEFWPQTQEG 2019
ΤϦʔτ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔ ϛσΟΞϜ ύϑΥʔϚʔ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ະຬ ͔Βिؒ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ ϱ݄͔Β
σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ ճ͔Βिճ िճ͔Β݄ճ ݄ճ͔Βʹճ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ ະຬ ະຬ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ มߋࣦഊ ߏൺ ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫεͷௐࠪʢສઍ݅Ҏ্ͷճΛΫϥελʔੳʣ w։ൃͱ࣭τϨʔυΦϑͷؔͰͳ͍ IUUQTTFSWJDFTHPPHMFDPNGI fi MFTNJTDTUBUFPGEFWPQTQEG 2019
ΤϦʔτ ΤϦʔτͱϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔͷࠩ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ະຬ ഒ ϱ݄͔Β σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ
ഒ ݄ճ͔Βʹճ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ มߋࣦഊ ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫεͷௐࠪʹ͓͚ΔΤϦʔτΫϥελͱϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔΫϥελͷࠩ w৫ؒͷ͔ࠩͳΓେ͖͘ɺ͞Βʹ։͍͍ͯΔʢʣ wѹతͳࠩܧଓతσϦόϦ%FW0QTͷ৫తͳࢿͷࠩ IUUQTTFSWJDFTHPPHMFDPNGI fi MFTNJTDTUBUFPGEFWPQTQEG 2019
IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNEFWPQTTUBUFPGEFWPQT 2021
ΤϦʔτ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔ ϛσΟΞϜ ύϑΥʔϚʔ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ࣌ؒະຬ ͔Βिؒ ϱ݄͔Β Ҏ্
σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ िճ͔Β݄ճ ݄ճ͔Βʹճ ʹճະຬ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ ະຬ ͔Βिؒ Ҏ্ มߋࣦഊ ߏൺ ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫεͷௐࠪʢສઍ݅Ҏ্ͷճΛΫϥελʔੳʣ IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNEFWPQTTUBUFPGEFWPQT 2021 w։ൃͱ࣭τϨʔυΦϑͷؔͰͳ͍
ΤϦʔτ ΤϦʔτͱϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔͷࠩ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ࣌ؒະຬ ഒ Ҏ্ σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ
ഒ ʹճະຬ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ Ҏ্ มߋࣦഊ ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫεͷௐࠪʹ͓͚ΔΤϦʔτΫϥελͱϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔΫϥελͷࠩ IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNEFWPQTTUBUFPGEFWPQT 2021 w৫ؒͷ͔ࠩͳΓେ͖͘ɺ͞Βʹ։͍͍ͯΔʢʣ wѹతͳࠩܧଓతσϦόϦ%FW0QTͷ৫తͳࢿͷࠩ
IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNEFWPQTTUBUFPGEFWPQT 2023
ΤϦʔτ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔ ϛσΟΞϜ ύϑΥʔϚʔ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ະຬ ͔Βिؒ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄
σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ ճ͔Βिճ िճ͔Β݄ճ िճ͔Β݄ճ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ ະຬ ͔Βिؒ ϲ݄͔Β มߋࣦഊ ߏൺ ͭͷΩʔϝτϦΫεͷௐࠪʢສઍ݅Ҏ্ͷճΛΫϥελʔੳʣ IUUQTDMPVEHPPHMFDPNEFWPQTTUBUFPGEFWPQT 2023
ΤϦʔτ ϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔ ϛσΟΞϜ ύϑΥʔϚʔ ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔ ϦʔυλΠϜ ະຬ ͔Βिؒ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ ϱ݄͔Β
σϓϩΠස ΦϯσϚϯυ ෳճ ճ͔Βिճ िճ͔Β݄ճ ݄ճ͔Βʹճ .553 ࣌ؒະຬ ະຬ ະຬ ि͔ؒΒϱ݄ มߋࣦഊ ߏൺ ͷௐࠪ݁Ռʹࣅ͍ͯΔ IUUQTTFSWJDFTHPPHMFDPNGI fi MFTNJTDTUBUFPGEFWPQTQEG 2019
ͭΊͷΩʔϝτϦΫε3FMJBCJMJUZ
Ͱ͏ͪͷʢձࣾcۀcιϑτΣΞʣ ಛघ͔ͩΒʜʜ 30/93
IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQQ γεςϜͷλΠϓͱύϑΥʔϚϯεʹ૬͕ؔͳ͍
զʑύοέʔδιϑτΣΞɺ4P3ɺΈࠐΈιϑτΣΞΛ͍ͬͯΔνʔϜ ύϑΥʔϚϯε͕͘ɺ4P&৽छͷγεςϜΛ͍ͬͯΔνʔϜύϑΥʔϚ ϯε͕ߴ͍ͱ༧ଌ͍͔ͯͨ͠ΒͰ͋Δɻͦͯͦ͠ͷ༧ଌ͕֎Ε͍ͯͨ͜ͱΛཱূ͢ Δσʔλ͕ಘΒΕͨɻ ͜ΕʹΑͬͯɺΞʔΩςΫνϟͷ࣮ͷৄࡉΑΓ ʢ͜ͷ͋ͱઆ໌͢Δ̎ͭͷʣΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕࣋ͭಛੑʹ ͢Δ͜ͱͷॏཁੑ͕ු͖ூΓʹͳͬͨɻ γεςϜͷλΠϓͱύϑΥʔϚϯεʹ૬͕ؔͳ͍ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ
ΞʔΩςΫνϟͷಛੑͷதʹେ͖ͳӨڹΛٴ΅͠͏Δͷ͕ͭ͋Δɻզʑͷௐ ࠪͰɺ࣍ͷͭͷࣄ߲ʹʮಉҙͰ͖Δʯͱճͨ͠৫Ͱ͋ΕϋΠύϑΥʔϚʔ Ͱ͋ΔՄೳੑ͕ߴ͍ɺͱ͍͏݁Ռ͕ग़ͨͷͰ͋Δɻ wςετͷେΛɺ౷߹ڥΛඞཁͱͤͣʹ࣮ࢪͰ͖Δ wΞϓϦέʔγϣϯΛɺͦΕ͕ґଘ͢ΔଞͷΞϓϦέʔγϣϯαʔϏε͔Β ಠཱͨ͠ܗͰɺσϓϩΠ·ͨϦϦʔεͰ͖Δ ΞʔΩςΫνϟʹؔΘΔ͜ͷͭͷಛੑΛɺզʑʮςετ༰қੑʯͱ ʮσϓϩΠ༰қੑʯͱݺΜͰ͍Δ͕ɺ͜ͷ͕ͭύϑΥʔϚϯεΛ ্ͤ͞Δ্ͰॏཁͩͱࢥΘΕΔɻ ςετ༰қੑͱσϓϩΠ༰қੑʢσϓϩΠಠཱੑʣ
IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ
IUUQTMPHNJKQUFDIBSUJDMFT ྫςεϥͷมߋසͱΞʔΩςΫνϟ
IUUQTMPHNJKQUFDIBSUJDMFT ྫςεϥͷมߋසͱΞʔΩςΫνϟ
IUUQTMPHNJKQUFDIBSUJDMFT ྫςεϥͷมߋසͱΞʔΩςΫνϟ
ݫ͍͠ݱ࣮ 37/93
ϩʔύϑΥʔϚʔͱͳΔ͕ڧ͍ͷɺ࣍ͷΑ͏ʹճ ͨ͠νʔϜͰ͋ͬͨ w ʮߏஙதͷιϑτΣΞ ͋Δ͍ར༻͢Δඞཁ ͷ͋ΔҰ܈ͷαʔϏε ɺଞࣾ ֎ઌͳͲ ͕։ ൃͨ͠ΧελϜιϑτΣΞͰ͋Δʯ
ݫ͍͠ݱ࣮ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ
ʮιϑτΣΞσϦόϦͷύϑΥʔϚϯε৫શମͷ ۀʹॏཁͳӨڹΛٴ΅͢ʯͱ͍͏ࣄ࣮ɺࣗ৫ͷࣄ ۀʹͱͬͯઓ্ུॏཁͳιϑτΣΞͷ։ൃೳྗΛࣗ ৫ͷத֩తཁૉͱͯ͠Ґஔ͚ͣʹ֎෦ҕୗ͢Δ͜ͱ ͷڧྗͳূͱͳΔɻ ݫ͍͠ݱ࣮ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ
ΞδϦςΟͱมߋ༰қੑ
IUUQTXXXTMJEFTIBSFOFUBUTOBLBEBTT ϓϩάϥϛϯάΛΔͱ͍͏͜ͱ
"*ͷࢧԉͱαϯυΠονϫʔΫϑϩʔΛཧղ͢Δ
ܧଓతσϦόϦͱςετ 43/93
ܧଓతσϦόϦͷͭͷجຊݪଇ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʮܧଓతσϦόϦʯͱɺػೳͷՃɺߏͷมߋɺόάͷमਖ਼ɺ֤छࢼߦͳ Ͳɺ͞·͟·ͳมߋΛɺ҆શ͔ͭਝ͔ͭ࣋ଓՄೳͳܗͰຊ൪ڥʹΈࠐΜ ͩΓϢʔβʔʹఏڙͨ͠Γ͢Δ࡞ۀΛଅਐ͢ΔҰ܈ͷέΠύϏϦςΟ͔ΒΔ ख๏Ͱ͋Δɻ࣍ͷͭͷجຊݪଇΛபͱ͢Δɻ w ʮ࣭ʯͷ֓೦Λੜ࢈ఔͷ࠷ॳ͔ΒΈࠐΉ w ࡞ۀʢখ͍͞ʣόονॲཧͰਐΊΔ
w ෮࡞ۀίϯϐϡʔλʹͤਓؒղܾʹͨΔ w పఈͨ͠վળྗΛܧଓతʹߦ͏ w શһ͕Λ୲͏ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQQ
ʮ࣭ʯͷ֓೦Λੜ࢈ఔͷ࠷ॳ͔ΒΈࠐΉ IUUQTXXXSZV[FFDPNDPOUFOUTCMPH
IUUQTUFDICMPHDBSUBIPMEJOHTDPKQFOUSZ શһ͕Λ୲͏ۀ͔ΒϑϧαΠΫϧ
ຊபܧଓతσϦόϦ࣮ફͷͭͷٕज़తج൫ wแׅతͳߏཧ wܧଓతςετ wܧଓతΠϯςάϨʔγϣϯ w7FSTJPO$POUSPM w5FTUJOH w"VUPNBUJPO
IUUQTTQFBLFSEFDLDPNOJIPOCVTPOBHJMFUFTUJOHFTTFODF ܧଓతςετ
ৗʹςετˠࣗಈԽͷଛӹذ͋ͬͱ͍͏ؒʹདྷΔ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ͓ΑͦճͰ खಈςετͱࣗಈԽ͞Εͨςετͷ ίετ͕ٯస͢Δ
ςετࣗಈԽͱاۀͷۀͷҼՌؔ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ςετͷࣗಈԽʹ͓͍ͯɺ*5ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ༧ଌईͱͳΓ͏Δ ͜ͱ͕໌ͨ͠ͷ࣍ͷͭ ৴པੑͷߴ͍ࣗಈςετΛඋ͑Δ͜ͱ ։ൃऀओମͰड͚ೖΕςετΛ࡞ɾཧ͠ɺ खݩͷ։ൃڥͰ؆୯ʹ࠶ݱɾमਖ਼Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQʢ˞༁ΛҰ෦มߋʣ
ςετࣗಈԽͱاۀͷۀͷҼՌؔ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ςετͷࣗಈԽʹ͓͍ͯɺ*5ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ༧ଌईͱͳΓ͏Δ ͜ͱ͕໌ͨ͠ͷ࣍ͷͭ ৴པੑͷߴ͍ࣗಈςετΛඋ͑Δ͜ͱ ։ൃऀओମͰड͚ೖΕςετΛ࡞ɾཧ͠ɺ खݩͷ։ൃڥͰ؆୯ʹ࠶ݱɾमਖ਼Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQʢ˞༁ΛҰ෦มߋʣ
IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ςετʹ߹֨ͨ͠ιϑτΣΞͰ͋ΕϦϦʔεՄೳɺෆ߹֨Ͱ͋Εॏେͳ ෆ۩߹͕͋ΔɺͱνʔϜ͕֬৴Ͱ͖ΔΑ͏ͳςετΛ࣮ࢪ͍ͯ͠Δ͜ͱ ޡݕʢِཅੑGBMTFQPTJUJWFʣݟಀ͠ʢِӄੑGBMTFOFHBUJWFʣ͕ଟ ͘ɺ৴པੑʹ͚ܽΔςετεΠʔτ͕͋·Γʹଟ͗͢Δ ৴པͷߴ͍ςετεΠʔτΛ࡞Γ্͛ΔܧଓతͳྗͱࢿՁ͕͋Δ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQʢ˞༁ΛҰ෦มߋʣ ৴པੑͷߴ͍ࣗಈςετΛඋ͑Δ͜ͱ
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৴པෆೳੑʢ fl BLJOFTTʣ͕ʹۙ͢ΔͱɺςετՁΛࣦ͍࢝ΊΔ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT ʰ(PPHMFͷιϑτΣΞΤϯδχΞϦϯάʱQ
ςετࣗಈԽͱاۀͷۀͷҼՌؔ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ςετͷࣗಈԽʹ͓͍ͯɺ*5ύϑΥʔϚϯεͷ༧ଌईͱͳΓ͏Δ ͜ͱ͕໌ͨ͠ͷ࣍ͷͭ ৴པੑͷߴ͍ࣗಈςετΛඋ͑Δ͜ͱ ։ൃऀओମͰड͚ೖΕςετΛ࡞ɾཧ͠ɺ खݩͷ։ൃڥͰ؆୯ʹ࠶ݱɾमਖ਼Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQʢ˞༁ΛҰ෦มߋʣ
զʑͷੳ݁ՌͷதͰڵຯਂ͍ͷʮओͱͯ͠ 2"νʔϜ͔֎ઌ͕࡞ɾཧ͍ͯ͠Δࣗಈςε τɺ*5ύϑΥʔϚϯεͱ૬ؔؔʹͳ͍ʯͱ͍͏ Ͱ͋Δ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ ݫ͍͠ݱ࣮
IUUQTXXX fl JDLSDPNQIPUPTPLJOBXBTPCB Ξϯνύλʔϯങ͖ͬͯͨࣗಈςετ ࣗಈςετͷྔΛ૿ͨ͢Ίʹ֎෦ҕୗΦϑγϣΞϦϯάͳͲΛ׆ ༻͢ΔࣄྫΛ༷ʑͳݱͰݟ͖ͯ·͕ͨ͠ɺ΄ͱΜͲͷࣄྫʹ͓͍ͯɺ ೲೖޙͷςετίʔυϓϩμΫτͷ༷มߋͷࡍʹϝϯςφϯε͞Ε ͣɺςετ͕ࣦഊ͢Δ··ͰٺͪՌ͍͖ͯͯ·͢ɻςετίʔυΛॻ͘ ೳྗΛҭͯͳ͚ΕϝϯςφϯεͰ͖·ͤΜ
ςετϐϥϛουͱΞΠεΫϦʔϜίʔϯΞϯνύλʔϯ IUUQTXBUJSNFMPOCMPHJOUSPEVDJOHUIFTPGUXBSFUFTUJOHJDFDSFBNDPOF
ΞϯνύλʔϯΞΠεΫϦʔϜίʔϯ IUUQTXXXPSFJMMZDPKQCPPLT ʰγεςϜӡ༻ΞϯνύλʔϯʱQ
։ൃऀओମͰड͚ೖΕςετΛ࡞ɾཧ͠ɺखݩͷ։ൃڥͰ؆୯ʹ࠶ݱɾमਖ਼Ͱ͖Δ͜ͱ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ ։ൃऀ͕ड͚ೖΕςετͷ࡞ɾཧʹؔ༩͢ΔͱɺͭͷॏཁͳޮՌ͕ੜ͡Δ ։ൃऀ͕ςετΛ࡞͢Δͱίʔυ͕ΑΓςετՄೳͳͷʹͳΔ ࣗಈςετʹର͢ΔΛ։ൃऀ͕ෛ͏ͱɺςετʹର͢Δҙ͕ࣝߴ·Γɺ ͦͷཧमਖ਼ʹΑΓྗ͢Δ͜ͱʹͳΔ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQʢ˞༁ΛҰ෦มߋʣ
ࣗಈςετͷಈػ 61/93
ΞϯνύλʔϯίετݮΛओతʹ͢Δ IUUQTXXX fl JDLSDPNQIPUPTNEHSPVQ ࣗಈςετΛॻ͘ओతࢦඪΛʮίετݮʯʹ͢Δͱɺظతʹࣗಈςε τͷֶशίετɺதظతʹอकίετʹΑͬͯࢥͬͨΑ͏ͳίετݮޮՌ͕ ಘΒΕͣɺखಈςετʹΔͱ͍͏அΛͯ͠͠·͍͕ͪͰ͢ ࣗಈςετҎ֎ͷٕज़ࢪࡦͰίετݮΛओతʹ͢Δͱࣦഊ͕ͪ͠Ͱ͢
มߋ༰қੑͷߴ͍ιϑτΣΞʹΑΔΞδϦςΟͷ֫ಘ IUUQTUXJUUFSDPNUPLPSPUFOTUBUVT
ͯ͢ΛΞδϟΠϧͳܗͰػೳͤ͞Δʹɺ༏Εͨઃܭʹ͚ͨϓϥΫςΟεΛ ࣮ફ͢Δඞཁ͕͋Γ·͢ɻͱ͍͏ͷɺ༏ΕͨઃܭʹΑͬͯมߋ͕༰қʹͳΔͨ ΊͰ͢ɻͦͯ͠มߋ͕༰қͰ͋Δ߹ɺ͋ΒΏΔϨϕϧͰ᪳ͳ͘ௐ͕Մೳʹ ͳΔͷͰ͢ɻ ͦΕ͕ͦ͜ΞδϦςΟʔͱ͍͏ͷͳͷͰ͢ɻ ΞδϦςΟͷຊ࣭͋ΒΏΔϨϕϧͰ᪳ͳ͘มԽ͢Δ ʰୡਓϓϩάϥϚʔୈ൛ʱQ
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ͳͥࣗಈςετΛॻ͘ͷ͔ 🙅 ίετΛݮ͢ΔͨΊ 🙆 ૉૣ᪳͘ͳ͘มԽ͠ଓ͚ΔྗΛಘΔͨΊ
৴པੑͷߴ͍࣮ߦ݁Ռʹ ͍࣌ؒͰ౸ୡ͢Δঢ়ଶΛอͭ͜ͱͰɺ ։ൃऀʹࠜڌ͋Δࣗ৴Λ༩͑ɺ ιϑτΣΞͷΛ࣋ଓՄೳʹ͢Δ͜ͱ ࣗಈςετͷత
จԽΛ͔ࠜͤΔԦಓ ڭҭͱਓࣄධՁ 68/93
৽ਓݚमυϫϯΰͷΤϯδχΞ৽ਓݚमͷࣄྫ IUUQTDIOJDPWJEFPKQEXBOHPFOHJOFFSCMPNBHBBS
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ಓअಓ 72/93
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w ຊਓΈΜͳඈͼࠐΜͰ͍·͢Α ຊਓΛಈ͔͢ʹࣄྫ͕ޮՌతʢޮ͖ա͗ʹҙʣ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ
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ςετΛॻ͕࣌ؒ͘ͳ͍ ͷͰͳ͘ɺςετΛॻ ͔ͳ͍͔Β͕࣌ؒͳ͘ͳ ΔͷͰ͢ɻ +BNFT(SFOOJOH "HJMF+BQBOجௐߨԋΑΓ
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ٕज़͔ΒจԽ 80/93
ٕज़ʮ͕ʯจԽʮʹʯӨڹΛ༩͑Δ IUUQTXXXBNB[PODPKQEQ զʑʮܧଓతσϦόϦΛ࣮ફ͢Δͱɺ৫จԽʹӨڹΛ༩͑ Δ͜ͱ͕Ͱ͖ΔʯͱͷԾઆΛཱͯͨɻͦͯ͠ੳͷ݁ՌɺͦΕ͕ ਅͰ͋Δ͜ͱΛཱূͰ͖ͨ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQ
จԽʹӨڹΛٴ΅͢ཁૉ IUUQTXXXEFWPQTSFTFBSDIDPNSFTFBSDIIUNM
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ࣗಈςετจԽͱ 87/93
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ςετʹίετ͕͔͔Δ ͜ͱͷղܾํ๏ɺςε τΛΊΔ͜ͱͰ͋Γ ·ͤΜɻ͏·͘ͳΔ͜ͱ Ͱ͢ɻ 4BOEJ.FU[ ʰΦϒδΣΫτࢦઃܭ࣮ફΨΠυʱQ IUUQTHJIZPKQCPPL
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w શһ͕Λ୲͏ ʰ-FBOͱ%FW0QTͷՊֶʱQQ
৴པੑͷߴ͍࣮ߦ݁Ռʹ ͍࣌ؒͰ౸ୡ͢Δঢ়ଶΛอͭ͜ͱͰɺ ։ൃऀʹࠜڌ͋Δࣗ৴Λ༩͑ɺ ιϑτΣΞͷΛ࣋ଓՄೳʹ͢Δ͜ͱ ࣗಈςετͷత
wෆ࣮֬ੑͷߴ͍࣌ʹ͓͍ͯɺܭըઃܭ࣮ৗʹมԽ͠ଓ͚ΒΕΔྗ͕ॏཁͱͳΔ wܧଓతσϦόϦΛߏ͢ΔέΠύϏϦςΟʢೳྗʣ͕اۀͷۀʢऩӹੑɺࢢ༗ɺੜ࢈ੑʣʹҼՌ͕ؔ͋Δ͜ͱ ͕ݚڀʹΑཱͬͯূ͞Εͨ wاۀͷنଐ͢ΔۀքɺγεςϜͷλΠϓσϦόϦͷύϑΥʔϚϯεʹؔͳ͘ɺγεςϜͷΞʔΩςΫνϟ͕උ͑ Δͭͷಛੑʢςετ༰қੑɺσϓϩΠಠཱੑʣ͕͍ؔͯ͠Δ͜ͱ͕໌ͨ͠ wࣗ৫ͷࣄۀʹͱͬͯઓ্ུॏཁͳιϑτΣΞͷ։ൃೳྗΛࣗ৫ͷத֩తཁૉͱͯ͠Ґஔ͚ͣʹ֎෦ҕୗ͢Δͱɺ ༗ҙʹύϑΥʔϚϯε͕Լ͕Δ͜ͱ໌ͨ͠ wࣗಈςετΛ։ൃऀओମͰॻ͖ɺ࣮ߦ݁Ռͷ৴པੑ͕ߴ͍ঢ়ଶΛอͭ͜ͱ͕σϦόϦͷύϑΥʔϚϯεͱҼՌ͕ؔ͋Δ wࣗಈςετΛॻ͘ཧ༝ɺίετݮͰͳ͘ɺΞδϦςΟʢ͋ΒΏΔϨϕϧͰૉૣ᪳͘ͳ͘มԽ͠ଓ͚ΔྗʣΛಘΔ ͨΊ
wΤϯδχΞϦϯάจԽͷৢ୯ҐͷࣄۀʹͳΔɻจԽͷৢʹԦಓʢڭҭɺਓࣄධՁʣಓअಓ͋Δ wٕज़ʮ͕ʯจԽʮʹʯӨڹΛٴ΅͢ɻޮՌతͳٕज़ϓϥΫςΟεΤϯδχΞϦϯάจԽΛҭͯΔ͜ͱ͕໌ͨ͠ wࣗಈςετจԽͱɺࣗಈςετͷॏཁੑͱอकੑʢཧղ༰қੑɺมߋ༰қੑʣΛ৫ɺνʔϜ͕ཧղ͠ɺվળྗΛܧ ଓతʹߦ͏͜ͱ ͝ਗ਼ௌ͋Γ͕ͱ͏͍͟͝·ͨ͠