Video Stream on Android (DevFest Tokyo 2016)

Introduction to Video Stream
- Http Live Streaming (HLS)
- Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH)
- H.264
- H.265
- Fragmented MP4
- ExoPlayer
- DRM (Widevine, PlayReady)

1. Video Streaming on Android wasabeef
2. About me 降矢 大地 (Daichi Furiya) Google Developer Expert AbemaTV, Inc. wasabeef @wasabeef_jp
3. Streaming
4. Streaming? 1:30 1:31 1:32 1:33
5. HLS MPEG-DASH Microsoft Smooth Streaming RTMP Streaming?
6. Video compression
7. Video compression 30fps 1sec 60KB × 30 = 1.8MB 1min 1.8MB × 60 = 108MB 1hour 108MB × 10 = 1.1GB 60KB 65KB 55KB 50KB
8. Video compression 60KB 5KB 2KB 7KB 30fps 1sec 60KB + (4KB × 30) = 180KB 1min 60KB + (4KB × 1800) = 7.2MB 1hour 7.2MB × 10 = 72MB
9. Video compression Be impossible ;(
10. Key Frame Be possible :)
11. Video structure Video Audio Meta Butterfly…? Discovered
12. Format
13. Container format
14. .avi .mp4 .mkv .ogg .flv etc.. Container format Video H.264 H.265 Divx VP9 Audio AAC WMA Voribis PCM Caption SAMI, SMIL Hi-Caption CMML, DXFP Meta Date Author Title
15. Video codec
16. H.264/MPEG-4 AVC H.265/HEVC VP8 VP9 Video codec
17. 8K 300fps Half the size of AVC Android 5.+ H.265/HEVC
18. Audio codec
19. MP3 AAC PCM Vorbis Audio Codec
20. HLS
21. Apple Adaptive bitrate streaming MPEG2-TS H.264/AAC HLS
22. MPEG-4 Fragment Support In-playlist metadata Offline HLS playback NEW HLS
23. Draft - HTTP Live Streaming http://bit.ly/hls20 Document
24. playlist.m3u8
25. BigBuckBunny.mp4 (65MB) https://peach.blender.org/
26. 720p
27. 1280×720 16:9 (1.78:1) Progressive 720p
28. # ffmpeg -i BigBuckBunny.mp4 \ -vcodec libx264 \ -s 1280x720 \ -acodec aac -b:a 256k \ -flags +loop-global_header \ -bsf h264_mp4toannexb \ -f segment -segment_format mpegts \ -segment_time 10 \ -segment_list output.m3u8 output_%04d.ts Converting MP4 to HLS With FFmpeg
29. Converting MP4 to HLS With FFmpeg
30. ts?
31. Transport Stream (ts) Segment Container (2sec 〜 10sec)
32. # python -m SimpleHTTPServer Web Server
33. #EXTM3U #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:10 #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0 #EXTINF:10, no desc output0000.ts #EXTINF:10, no desc output0001.ts #EXTINF:10, no desc 〜 ... 〜 output180.ts #EXT-X-ENDLIST playlist.m3u8
34. playlist.m3u8 Segment1.ts Length: 10sec Segment2.ts Length: 10sec Segment3.ts Length: 10sec Segment4.ts Length: 10sec Header Footer
35. playlist.m3u8 Segment1.ts Length: 10sec Segment2.ts Length: 10sec Advertising.ts Length: 10sec Segment3.ts Length: 10sec Header Footer
36. #EXTM3U #EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1, BANDWIDTH=200000 playlist1.m3u8 #EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1, BANDWIDTH=311111 playlist2.m3u8 #EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1, BANDWIDTH=484444 playlist3.m3u8 #EXT-X-STREAM-INF:PROGRAM-ID=1, BANDWIDTH=737777 playlist4.m3u8 playlist.m3u8
37. playlist.m3u8 playlist1.m3u8 BANDWIDTH: 200000 Header playlist2.m3u8 BANDWIDTH: 311111 playlist3.m3u8 BANDWIDTH: 484444 playlist4.m3u8 BANDWIDTH: 737777
38. MPEG-DASH
39. Microsoft, Netflix, Google, Ericsson, Samsung, Adobe Adaptive bitrate streaming fMP4, WebM, MPEG2-TS MPEG-DASH
40. manifest.mdp
41. manifest.mdp <?xml version="1.0" ?> <MPD mediaPresentationDuration="PT9M56.458S" minBufferTime="PT20.00S" profiles="urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-live:2011" type="static" xmlns="urn:mpeg:dash:schema:mpd:2011"> <-- Created with Bento4 mp4-dash.py, VERSION=1.7.0-613 --> <Period> <-- Video --> <AdaptationSet maxHeight="180" maxWidth="320" mimeType="video/mp4" minHeight="180" minWidth="320" segmentAlignment="true" startWithSAP="1"> <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:abmprotection:2016" value="0x55ea5d616e90eaca972bc31a9fb2c7f8,0xaccca4b41de3d9afb029070eb564be40"> </ContentProtection> <SegmentTemplate duration="20000" initialization="$/init.mp4" media="$/seg-$.m4s" startNumber="1" timescale="1000"/> <Representation bandwidth="702842" codecs="avc1.42C00D" frameRate="24" height="180" id="../video_enc/1" scanType="progressive" width="320"/> </AdaptationSet> <-- Audio --> <AdaptationSet mimeType="audio/mp4" segmentAlignment="true" startWithSAP="1"> <SegmentTemplate duration="20000" initialization="$/init.mp4" media="$/seg-$.m4s" startNumber="1" timescale="1000"/> <Representation audioSamplingRate="48000" bandwidth="163859" codecs="mp4a.40.2" id="../audio/und/mp4a"> <AudioChannelConfiguration schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011" value="2"/> </Representation> </AdaptationSet> </Period> </MPD>
42. <mdp> - Root manifest.mdp <period> - A start time and duration. <AdaptationSet> - Audio/Video content <Representation> - Bitrate and Aspect
43. Android
44. Android Media APIs
45. AudioTrack MediaPlayer JetPlayer SoundPool Android Media APIs
46. API Level 1 Native (C/C++) Simple Not customizable MediaPlayer
47. MediaPlayer MediaExtractor MediaCodec AudioTrack MediaPlayer Network Buffering Extraction Decoding Rendering
48. MediaPlayer String url = “http://wasabeef.jp/sample.mp4”; MediaPlayer mediaPlayer = new MediaPlayer(); mediaPlayer.setAudioStreamType(STREAM_MUSIC); mediaPlayer.setDataSource(url); mediaPlayer.prepare(); mediaPlayer.setSurface(surface); mediaPlayer.start(); // mediaPlayer.release();
49. ExoPlayer
50. API Level 16 Easy to extend and customize HLS, MPEG-DASH, SmoothStreaming DRM (WideVine, PlayReady) ExoPlayer
51. Supported Devices/Formats
52. Devices Use Case Version API Level Audio 4.1 16 Video 4.1 16 WideVine 4.3 18 PlayReady AndroidTV AndroidTV
53. Formats (Containers) Feature HLS MPEG-DASH fMP4 ✕ ◯ WebM ✕ ◯ Matroska ✕ ◯ MPEG-TS ◯ ✕ ADTS(AAC) ◯ ✕ MP3 ◯ ✕
54. Formats (Closed Caption) Feature HLS MPEG-DASH TTML ✕ ◯ WebVTT ◯ ◯ Tx3g ✕ ◯ SubRip ✕ ◯ EIA-608 ◯ ✕
55. Formats (Meta) Feature HLS MPEG-DASH ID3 Tags ◯ ✕
56. Formats (Content Protection) Feature HLS MPEG-DASH AES-128 ◯ ✕ WideVine ✕ ◯ PlayReady ◯ △ (AndroidTV)
57. 2.x
58. A greatly simplified demo app. A VideoView equivalent in SimpleExoPlayerView. Improved Audio extension APIs with pre- built extensions for ffmpeg, opus, and flac. Playlist Support. New features
59. ExoPlayer MediaSource Parser Extractor DataSource MediaCodecRenderer MediaCodec AudioTrack ExoPlayer Network Buffering Extraction Decoding Rendering
60. MediaSource
61. HlsMediaSource DashMediaSource SsMediaSource ExtractorMediaSource MediaSource
62. MergingMediaSource LoopingMediaSource ConcatenatingMediaSource MediaSource
63. MediaSource // Measures bandwidth during playback. Can be null if not required. DefaultBandwidthMeter bandwidth = new DefaultBandwidthMeter(); // Produces DataSource instances through which media data is loaded. DataSource.Factory dataSource = new DefaultDataSourceFactory(this, Util.getUserAgent(this, "wasabeef"), bandwidthMeter); // Produces Extractor instances for parsing the media data. ExtractorsFactory extractors = new DefaultExtractorsFactory(); // This is the MediaSource representing the media to be played. MediaSource videoSource = new ExtractorMediaSource(mp4VideoUri, dataSource, extractors, null, null); // Prepare the player with the source. player.prepare(videoSource);
64. Parser
65. #EXTM3U #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:10 #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0 #EXTINF:10, no desc output0000.ts #EXTINF:10, no desc output0001.ts #EXTINF:10, no desc 〜 省略 〜 output180.ts #EXT-X-ENDLIST Parser
66. HlsPlaylistParser DashManifestParser SsManifestParser Parser
67. HlsPlaylistParser private static final String TAG_VERSION = "#EXT-X-VERSION"; private static final String TAG_STREAM_INF = "#EXT-X-STREAM-INF"; private static final String TAG_MEDIA = "#EXT-X-MEDIA"; private static final String TAG_DISCONTINUITY = "#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY"; private static final String TAG_MEDIA_DURATION = “#EXTINF"; // ...
68. Extractor
69. TsExtractor FragmentedMp4Extractor Mp4Extractor FlvExtractor Extractor
70. DataSource
71. DataSource // Measures bandwidth during playback. Can be null if not required. DefaultBandwidthMeter bandwidth = new DefaultBandwidthMeter(); // Produces DataSource instances through which media data is loaded. DataSource.Factory dataSource = new DefaultDataSourceFactory(this, Util.getUserAgent(this, "wasabeef"), bandwidthMeter); // Produces Extractor instances for parsing the media data. ExtractorsFactory extractors = new DefaultExtractorsFactory(); // This is the MediaSource representing the media to be played. MediaSource videoSource = new ExtractorMediaSource(mp4VideoUri, dataSource, extractors, null, null); // Prepare the player with the source. player.prepare(videoSource);
72. HttpDataSource FileDataSource AssetDataSource ContentDataSource DataSource
73. with HLS
74. HLS Encryption
75. A Hollywood grade DRM is not always needed, sometimes it’s enough to just add another layer of security through AES encryption. HLS Encryption
76. #EXTM3U #EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:10 #EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0 HLS Encryption #EXT-X-KEY:METHOD=AES-128,URI="wasabeef:// yehMW2VNXmRAfYpUsYu2W5",IV=0xa0c54559151ced7 76a41893c737dea5f #EXTINF:5, output000.ts #EXT-X-ENDLIST
77. DataSource
78. HttpDataSource FileDataSource AssetDataSource ContentDataSource HLS Encryption - DataSource
79. HLS Encryption - DataSource @Override public long open(DataSpec dataSpec) throws IOException { Assertions.checkState(dataSource == null); // Choose the correct source for the scheme. String scheme = dataSpec.uri.getScheme(); if (Util.isLocalFileUri(dataSpec.uri)) { if (dataSpec.uri.getPath().startsWith("/android_asset/")) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else { dataSource = fileDataSource; } } else if (SCHEME_ASSET.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else if (SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = contentDataSource; } else { dataSource = baseDataSource; } // Open the source and return. return dataSource.open(dataSpec); }
80. HLS Encryption - DataSource @Override public long open(DataSpec dataSpec) throws IOException { Assertions.checkState(dataSource == null); // Choose the correct source for the scheme. String scheme = dataSpec.uri.getScheme(); if (Util.isLocalFileUri(dataSpec.uri)) { if (dataSpec.uri.getPath().startsWith("/android_asset/")) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else { dataSource = fileDataSource; } } else if (SCHEME_ASSET.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else if (SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = contentDataSource; } else if (SCHEME_WASABEEF.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = wasabeefDataSource; } else { dataSource = baseDataSource; } // Open the source and return. return dataSource.open(dataSpec); }
81. ID3v2 Tags
82. The timed metadata information can be used by clients as cuepoints, for information display, to invoke time- aligned actions, and so on. This information is available to the client on the playback timeline in the form of ID3 tags in HLS. ID3v2 Tags
83. MPEG-TS Support TXXX, PRIV, GEOB, APIC, Text Infomation ID3v2 Tags
84. SimpleExoPlayer.java @Override public void onMetadata(List<Id3Frame> id3Frames) { if (id3Output != null) { id3Output.onMetadata(id3Frames); } }
85. with MPEG-DASH
86. Content Protection Event Stream EMSG with MPEG-DASH
87. Content Protection
88. manifest.mdp <?xml version="1.0" ?> <MPD mediaPresentationDuration="PT9M56.458S" minBufferTime="PT20.00S" profiles="urn:mpeg:dash:profile:isoff-live:2011" type="static" xmlns="urn:mpeg:dash:schema:mpd:2011"> <-- Created with Bento4 mp4-dash.py, VERSION=1.7.0-613 --> <Period> <-- Video --> <AdaptationSet maxHeight="180" maxWidth="320" mimeType="video/mp4" minHeight="180" minWidth="320" segmentAlignment="true" startWithSAP="1"> <ContentProtection schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:abmprotection:2016" value="0x55ea5d616e90eaca972bc31a9fb2c7f8,0xaccca4b41de3d9afb029070eb564be40"> </ContentProtection> <SegmentTemplate duration="20000" initialization="$/init.mp4" media="$/seg-$.m4s" startNumber="1" timescale="1000"/> <Representation bandwidth="702842" codecs="avc1.42C00D" frameRate="24" height="180" id="../video_enc/1" scanType="progressive" width="320"/> </AdaptationSet> <-- Audio --> <AdaptationSet mimeType="audio/mp4" segmentAlignment="true" startWithSAP="1"> <SegmentTemplate duration="20000" initialization="$/init.mp4" media="$/seg-$.m4s" startNumber="1" timescale="1000"/> <Representation audioSamplingRate="48000" bandwidth="163859" codecs="mp4a.40.2" id="../audio/und/mp4a"> <AudioChannelConfiguration schemeIdUri="urn:mpeg:dash:23003:3:audio_channel_configuration:2011" value="2"/> </Representation> </AdaptationSet> </Period> </MPD>
89. manifest.mdp <ContentProtection schemeIdUri=“urn:mpeg:dash:abmprotection:2016" value=“0x55ea5ak…, 0xaccca4…”> </ContentProtection>
90. Content Protection - DataSource @Override public long open(DataSpec dataSpec) throws IOException { Assertions.checkState(dataSource == null); // Choose the correct source for the scheme. String scheme = dataSpec.uri.getScheme(); if (Util.isLocalFileUri(dataSpec.uri)) { if (dataSpec.uri.getPath().startsWith("/android_asset/")) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else { dataSource = fileDataSource; } } else if (SCHEME_ASSET.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = assetDataSource; } else if (SCHEME_CONTENT.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = contentDataSource; } else if (SCHEME_WASABEEF.equals(scheme)) { dataSource = wasabeefDataSource; } else { dataSource = baseDataSource; } // Open the source and return. return dataSource.open(dataSpec); }
91. Event Stream
92. N/A... Event Stream
93. EMSG
94. N/A... Event Stream
95. Should I use SurfaceView or TextureView?
96. API Level 1 Hardware rendering Eco-friendly battery Can not overlay two SurfaceView
97. API Level 14 Software rendering Can animate, transform and scale TextureView
98. with DRM
99. PlayReady Widevine (Moduler/Classic) Primetime FairPlay DRM
100. DRM PlayReady Widevine(M) Widevine(C) FairPlay Android (4.3+) ✕ ◯ ◯ ✕ Android (3+) ✕ ✕ ◯ ✕ iOS (6+) ✕ ✕ ✕ ◯ Windows Phone ◯ ✕ ✕ ✕ $ISPNF
      ✕ ◯ ✕ ✕ 'JSFGPY
      ✕ ◯ ✕ ✕ *&
      ◯ ✕ ✕ ✕ Edge (Win10+) ◯ ✕ ✕ ✕ Safari(8+) ✕ ✕ ✕ ◯ Opera (31+) ✕ ◯ ✕ ✕ Chromecast ◯ ◯ ✕ ✕ Android TV ◯ ◯ ✕ ✕ Apple TV ✕ ✕ ✕ ✕ Amazno Fire TV ◯ ✕ ✕ ✕
101. Widevine + ExoPlayer
102. DASH SurfaceView EventStream is not supported. EMSG is not supported. Widevine
103. DRM HttpMediaDrmCallback callback = new HttpMediaDrmCallback(licenseUrl, dataSource, null); FrameworkMediaDrm mediaDrm = FrameworkMediaDrm.newInstance(uuid); DrmSessionManager<FrameworkMediaCrypto> dsm = new StreamingDrmSessionManager<> (uuid, mediaDrm, callback, null, handler, logger); DefaultLoadControl dlc = new DefaultLoadControl() ExoPlayer player = ExoPlayerFactory.newSimpleInstance(this, trackSelector, dlc, dsm, false);
104. Manabi
105. Let’s buy a solution. Manabi
106. Brightcove INISOFT NEXTSCAPE Android
107. Brightcove Bitmovin THEOplayer Web
108. Conclusion
109. Thank you. twitter.com/wasabeef_jp wasabeef.jp github.com/wasabeef