Alpine Linux ノススメ

Transcript

1. ϊεεϝ
   ΞΠϨοτגࣜձࣾcloudpack ࢁޱ༩ྗ
   @ Web Tech Tokyo #1ʢDocker Tips ڞ༗ձʣ
   2016-10-12
   

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2. ୭ʁ
   • ໊લ: ࢁޱ ༩ྗʢ΍·͙ͪ ΑΓ͖ʣ
   • ۈ຿ઌ: ΞΠϨοτגࣜձࣾ cloudpackࣄۀ෦
   • ޷͖ͳݴޠ: Ruby, JavaScript
   • URL: https://y13i.com/
   

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3. Alpine Linux ͬͯʁ
   • ܰྔ Linux
   • ίϯςφʔ༻ OS ͱͯ͠ Docker ͱ૬ੑ͕ྑ͘ɺ࠷ۙ
   Α͘ར༻͞Ε͍ͯΔ
   • BusyBox ͕ϕʔεʹͳ͍ͬͯΔ
   • γΣϧ͸ ash
   • ύοέʔδ؅ཧ͸ apk
   

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4. ͍ܰʂ
   Image Size
   Ubuntu 127.1 MB
   CentOS 196.8 MB
   Alpine 4.8 MB
   BusyBox 1.1 MB
   

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5. ͲΕ͘Β͍͍ܰͷ͔ʁ
   • `docker pull` ͯ͠ hello world ͢Δ·Ͱ͔͔Δ࣌ؒΛܭ
   ଌͯ͠Έͨ vs Ubuntu
   ~ time docker run -t --rm ubuntu:latest /bin/bash -c 'echo "Hello world."'
   Unable to find image 'ubuntu:latest' locally
   latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
   cad964aed91d: Pull complete
   3a80a22fea63: Pull complete
   50de990d7957: Pull complete
   61e032b8f2cb: Pull complete
   9f03ce1741bf: Pull complete
   Digest: sha256:28d4c5234db8d5a634d5e621c363d900f8f241240ee0a6a978784c978fe9c737
   Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
   Hello world.
   17.23 real 0.04 user 0.04 sys
   ~ time docker run -t --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash -c 'echo "Hello world."'
   Unable to find image 'alpine:latest' locally
   latest: Pulling from library/alpine
   c0cb142e4345: Pull complete
   Digest: sha256:ca7b185775966003d38ccbd9bba822fb570766e4bb69292ac23490f36f8a742e
   Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
   Hello world.
   6.07 real 0.02 user 0.02 sys
   

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6. ܰ͞ͷͻΈͭ
   • `ls -la /bin` ͯ͠ΈΑ͏
   ~ docker run -t --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash -c 'ls -la /bin'
   total 796
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 22 23:30 .
   drwxr-xr-x 24 root root 4096 Oct 11 05:59 ..
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 ash -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 base64 -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 bbconfig -> /bin/busybox
   -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 805032 Aug 12 14:38 busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 cat -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 catv -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 chgrp -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 chmod -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 chown -> /bin/busybox
   ...
   ~ docker run -t --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash -c 'ls -la /usr/bin'
   total 188
   drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Sep 22 23:30 .
   drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Sep 22 23:30 ..
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 [ -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 [[ -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 awk -> /bin/busybox
   lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Sep 22 23:30 basename -> /bin/busybox
   ...
   

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7. BusyBox ͱԿ͕ҧ͏ʁ
   • BusyBox ͸σʔλϘϦϡʔϜίϯςφʔʢଞͷί
   ϯςφʔ͔ΒϘϦϡʔϜͱͯ͠Ϛ΢ϯτͯ͠ɺϑΝ
   ΠϧΛอ࣋͢Δ͚ͩͷίϯςφʔʣͱͯ͠Α͘࢖Θ
   ΕΔ
   • BusyBox ͰԿ͔Λ࣮ߦ͢Δ؀ڥΛ༻ҙ͢Δͷ͸େ
   ม……
   • Alpine ʹ͸ apk ͕͋Δʂ
   

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8. apk ͸͍Ζ͍ΖḿΔ
   • `--no-cache` Ͱ Dockerfile Λॻ͘ͷ͕ḿΔʢapt,
   yum ͸Πϯετʔϧޙʹ໌ࣔతʹΩϟογϡ࡟আͷ
   εςοϓ͕ඞཁʣɺͦͯ͠ૣ͍
   ~ time docker run -t --rm ubuntu:latest /bin/bash -c "apt update && apt -y install ruby && apt clean && ruby --version"
   ...
   ruby 2.3.1p112 (2016-04-26) [x86_64-linux-gnu]
   44.45 real 0.03 user 0.05 sys
   ~ time docker run -t --rm alpine:latest /bin/ash -c "apk --no-cache add ruby && ruby --version"
   ...
   ruby 2.3.1p112 (2016-04-26 revision 54768) [x86_64-linux-musl]
   6.47 real 0.01 user 0.01 sys
   ~ time docker run -t --rm centos:latest /bin/bash -c "yum -y install ruby && yum clean all && ruby --version"
   ...
   ruby 2.0.0p598 (2014-11-13) [x86_64-linux]
   12.23 real 0.02 user 0.05 sys
   

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9. apk ͸͍Ζ͍ΖḿΔ
   Ruby Node.js Redis
   Ubuntu 2.3.1 4.2.6 3.0.6
   CentOS (with
   epel)
   2.0.0 6.7.0 2.8.19
   Alpine 2.3.1 6.2.0 3.2.0
   • ύοέʔδͷόʔδϣϯ͕݁ߏ৽͍͠
   ※͢΂ͯ2016-10-12࣌఺Ͱͷlatest
   

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10. ΋͏طʹ݁ߏͳਓؾΈ͍ͨ
    • ೔ຊޠͷ৘ใ΋͔ͳΓώοτ͢Δ
    • Docker Hub Ͱ Alpine ϕʔεͷΠϝʔδΛݟΔ͜ͱ
    ΋ଟ͘ͳͬͨ
    • `ruby:2.3.1-alpine`
    • `nginx:mainline-alpine`
    • ʢ৽઱ຯʹ͚ܽΔωλͰ͢Έ·ͤΜ…ʣ
    

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11. ͷ
    ͬ͘͟Γ঺հͰͨ͠
    

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