Modern PHP

A Quick overview of some modern PHP features, such as namespaces, traits, and closures ... and composer as a dependecy manager.

Transcript

1. Modern PHP
2. Anwar ZIANI https://twitter.com/Zianwar_ Web development ❤️ Computer Engineering Student at ENSAT Who am I ?
3. PHP is a server side scripting language , your write php code, upload it to a server and execute it with an interpreter like Apache or nginx . PHP
4. PHP is a server side scripting language , your write php code, upload it to a server and execute it with an interpreter like Apache or nginx . PHP can also be used to build command line apps (just like bash, Ruby or Python) PHP
5. PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf, as a collection of CGI scripts to track visits to his online resume. How it started
6. PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf, as a collection of CGI scripts to track visits to his online resume. How it started He named this set of CGI scripts by “Personal Home Page Tools”
7. PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf, as a collection of CGI scripts to track visits to his online resume. How it started He named this set of CGI scripts by “Personal Home Page Tools” After that he developed this collection to become a Full programming language with more consistent syntax and OOP support
8. PHP was created by Rasmus Lerdorf, as a collection of CGI scripts to track visits to his online resume. How it started He named this set of CGI scripts by “Personal Home Page Tools” After that he developed this collection to become a Full programming language with more consistent syntax and OOP support After that they launched PHP 3 under the name of Hypertext Preprocessor
9. PHP is so popular, supported by many developers and companies. (Wikipedia, Facebook, Yahoo!…) The present of PHP
10. PHP is so popular, supported by many developers and companies. (Wikipedia, Facebook, Yahoo!…) The present of PHP Nowadays: no FTP, version control software like Git helps maintain and track entire codebase
11. PHP is so popular, supported by many developers and companies. (Wikipedia, Facebook, Yahoo!…) The present of PHP Nowadays: no FTP, version control software like Git helps maintain and track entire codebase Local environment identical to production with tools like Vagrant, Chef, Puppet…
12. PHP is so popular, supported by many developers and companies. (Wikipedia, Facebook, Yahoo!…) Composer as a dependency manager The present of PHP Nowadays: no FTP, version control software like Git helps maintain and track entire codebase Local environment identical to production with tools like Vagrant, Chef, Puppet…
13. vs Zend Engine Hip Hip Virtual machine The futur of PHP
14. Namespaces definition Important tool to organise PHP code into a virtual hierarchy +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2
15. Namespaces definition Important tool to organise PHP code into a virtual hierarchy +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 Just like operating system’s filesystem directory structure
16. Namespaces definition Important tool to organise PHP code into a virtual hierarchy +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 Just like operating system’s filesystem directory structure Avoid any conflict with any class names used by another developers
17. Namespaces symfony/httpfoundation Symfony framework’s component that manages HTTP requests and responses : %QORQPGPV definition
18. Namespaces symfony/httpfoundation Symfony framework’s component that manages HTTP requests and responses : class Request class Response %QORQPGPV definition
19. Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation Namespaces why ?
20. Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation ENSAT\Routing Namespaces why ?
21. Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation ENSAT\Routing class Request class Response ... { Namespaces why ?
22. Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation ENSAT\Routing class Request class Response class AnotherClass ... { class Request class Response ... { Namespaces why ?
23. Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation ENSAT\Routing class Request class Response class AnotherClass ... { class Request class Response ... { Namespaces why ? '4414
24. <?php namespace ENSAT; // a class, interface, or function … Namespaces declaration
25. <?php namespace ENSAT\Registration; <?php namespace ENSAT; // a class, interface, or function … Namespaces declaration
26. <?php namespace ENSAT\Registration; <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; <?php namespace ENSAT; // a class, interface, or function … Namespaces declaration
27. <?php namespace ENSAT\Registration; <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; <?php namespace ENSAT; // a class, interface, or function … global namespace 5JQWNFDGWPKSWG Namespaces declaration
28. <?php namespace ENSAT\Registration; <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; <?php namespace ENSAT; // a class, interface, or function … subnamespaces global namespace 5JQWNFDGWPKSWG Namespaces declaration
29. Namespaces declaration <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class StudentsMailer { } StudentMailer.php
30. Namespaces declaration <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class StudentsMailer { } StudentMailer.php <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class TeachersMailer { } TeachersMailer.php
31. Namespaces declaration <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class StudentsMailer { } StudentMailer.php <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class SomeClass { } file.php <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class TeachersMailer { } TeachersMailer.php
32. Namespaces declaration <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class StudentsMailer { } StudentMailer.php <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class SomeClass { } file.php <?php namespace ENSAT\Mailing; class TeachersMailer { } TeachersMailer.php ENSAT\Mailing { TeacherMailer StudentsMailer SomeClass
33. Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request;
34. Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; $response = new ENSAT\Routing\Response;
35. Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; <?php use Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; use ENSAT\Routing\Response; $request = new Request; $response = new Response; $response = new ENSAT\Routing\Response;
36. <?php use func ENSAT\functionName; functionName(); Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; <?php use Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; use ENSAT\Routing\Response; $request = new Request; $response = new Response; $response = new ENSAT\Routing\Response;
37. <?php use func ENSAT\functionName; functionName(); Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; <?php use Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; use ENSAT\Routing\Response; $request = new Request; $response = new Response; $response = new ENSAT\Routing\Response; <?php use constant ENSAT\CONT_NAME; echo CONST_NAME;
38. <?php use func ENSAT\functionName; functionName(); Namespaces use <?php $request = new Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; <?php use Symfony\Component\Httpfoundation\Request; use ENSAT\Routing\Response; $request = new Request; $response = new Response; $response = new ENSAT\Routing\Response; <?php use constant ENSAT\CONT_NAME; echo CONST_NAME; 2*2
39. Namespaces alias <?php $coolClass = new Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean;
40. Namespaces alias <?php $coolClass = new Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean; <?php use Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean; $coolClass = new AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean;
41. Namespaces alias <?php $coolClass = new Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean; <?php use Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean; $coolClass = new AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean; <?php use Acme\Subnamespace\AbstractSingletonProxyFactoryBean as TheCoolClass; $coolClass = new TheCoolClass;
42. Namespaces default namespace <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new Exception;
43. Namespaces default namespace <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new Exception; '4414ENCUUFQGU PQVGZKUVU
44. Namespaces default namespace <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new Exception; '4414ENCUUFQGU PQVGZKUVU <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new \Exception;
45. Namespaces default namespace <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new Exception; '4414ENCUUFQGU PQVGZKUVU <?php namespace Foo\Subnamespace; $e = new \Exception;
46. Traits definition +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 • Partial class implementation • Look like an interface, behave like a class • Cannot be instantiated on it’s own
47. Traits why ? class A class C class B
48. Traits why ? class A class C class B
49. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo
50. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo
51. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo class AbstractBar
52. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo class AbstractBar class Bar2 extends AbstractBar class Bar1 extends AbstractBar
53. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo class AbstractBar class Bar2 extends AbstractBar class Bar1 extends AbstractBar Shareable,
54. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo class AbstractBar class Bar2 extends AbstractBar class Bar1 extends AbstractBar Shareable, Likeable,
55. Traits why ? class AbstractFoo class Foo2 extends AbstractFoo class Foo1 extends AbstractFoo class AbstractBar class Bar2 extends AbstractBar class Bar1 extends AbstractBar Shareable, Likeable, Geocodable …
56. Traits declaration <?php trait MyTrait { // Trait implementation }
57. Traits declaration <?php trait MyTrait { // Trait implementation } <?php trait Shareable { public function share() { return “Shared!”; } }
58. Traits declaration <?php trait MyTrait { // Trait implementation } <?php trait Shareable { public function share() { return “Shared!”; } } <?php class Foo1 { use Shareable; … }
59. Traits declaration <?php trait MyTrait { // Trait implementation } <?php trait Shareable { public function share() { return “Shared!”; } } <?php class Foo1 { use Shareable; … } $foo = new Foo1; $foo->share();
60. Traits examples Illuminate\Auth\Authenticatable Examples of Traits in Laravel framework :
61. Traits examples Illuminate\Auth\Authenticatable Illuminate\Auth\Reminders\RemindableTrait Examples of Traits in Laravel framework :
62. Traits examples Illuminate\Auth\Authenticatable Illuminate\Auth\Reminders\RemindableTrait Illuminate\Auth\UserTrait Examples of Traits in Laravel framework :
63. Traits examples Illuminate\Auth\Authenticatable Illuminate\Auth\Reminders\RemindableTrait Illuminate\Auth\UserTrait Laravel\Cashier\Billable Examples of Traits in Laravel framework :
64. Closures definition +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 • A closure is a function that encapsulates its surrounding state at the time it is created. • The encapsulated state exists inside the closure even when the closure lives after its original environment ceases to exist.
65. Closures definition +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 • A closure is a function that encapsulates its surrounding state at the time it is created. • The encapsulated state exists inside the closure even when the closure lives after its original environment ceases to exist. • Anonymous functions • Can be assigned to variables and passed around just like any other PHP object • They are actually objects : instances of the Closure class
66. Closures examples <?php $closure = function ($name) { return echo 'Hello $name'; }; $closure(‘Anwar’); // Hello Anwar
67. Closures examples <?php $closure = function ($name) { return echo 'Hello $name'; }; $closure(‘Anwar’); // Hello Anwar <?php $numbers = array_map(function ($number) { return $number + 1; }, [1,2,3]); print_r($numbers); // [2,3,4]
68. Closures examples <?php $closure = function ($name) { return echo 'Hello $name'; }; $closure(‘Anwar’); // Hello Anwar <?php $numbers = array_map(function ($number) { return $number + 1; }, [1,2,3]); print_r($numbers); // [2,3,4] array_map — Applies the callback to the elements of the given arrays array array_map(callable $callback , array $array1 [, array $... ] )
69. Closures examples <?php function enclosePerson($name) { return function ($doCommand) use ($name) { return sprintf('%s, %s', $name, $doCommand); }; } // Enclose “Mustapha" string in closure $person = enclosePerson('Mustapha'); // Invoke closure with command echo $person('get me some coffee!'); // Outputs --> "Mustapha, get me some coffee!” Attaching state to closures :
70. Closures examples Examples of Closures in Laravel framework :
71. Closures examples Examples of Closures in Laravel framework : <?php Route::get('/', function() { return ‘Hello World’; });
72. Closures examples Examples of Closures in Laravel framework : <?php Route::get('/', function() { return ‘Hello World’; }); <?php Event::listen(‘SomeEvent', function($event) { // Handle the event … });
73. Built-in HTTP server defintion +PVTQFWEGFKP 2*2 • You don’t need to Apache or ngnix to preview your PHP code • Useful for small previews, but not full development
74. Built-in HTTP server usage zianwar$ php -S localhost:4000 In terminal, navigate to your project root and type :
75. Built-in HTTP server usage zianwar$ php -S localhost:4000 In terminal, navigate to your project root and type :
76. Standards intro Laravel Symfony Silex Slim CodeIgniter } } /CETQHTCOGYQTMU /KETQHTCOGYQTMU .GICE[HTCOGYQTM
77. Standards intro Apparition of PHP Framework Interop Group (PHP-FIG)
78. Standards intro Apparition of PHP Framework Interop Group (PHP-FIG) According to the PHP-FIG website, they “talk about the commonalities between our projects and find ways we can work together.”
79. Standards intro • Interfaces • Autoloading • Style Modern framework share different standards :
80. Standards PSR • PSR-1 : Basic code style • PSR-2 : Strict code style • PSR-3 : Logger interface • PSR-4 : Autoloading PHP standards recommendations
81. Standards PSR PSR-1 : Basic Code Style : 'CU[VQ KORNGOGPV http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-1/
82. Standards PSR PSR-2 : Strict Code Style : http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-2/
83. Standards PSR <?php include ‘path/to/file1.php’; include ‘path/to/file2.php’; require_once ‘path/to/file3.php’;
84. Standards PSR <?php include ‘path/to/file1.php’; include ‘path/to/file2.php’; require_once ‘path/to/file3.php’; 0QOQTG
85. Standards PSR PSR-4 : Autoloader : Autoloading classes from file paths <?php include ‘path/to/file1.php’; include ‘path/to/file2.php’; require_once ‘path/to/file3.php’; 0QOQTG
86. Standards PSR PSR-4 Autoloader Strategy : Mapping the top-level namespace prefix to a specific filesystem directory
87. Standards PSR PSR-4 Autoloader Strategy : Mapping the top-level namespace prefix to a specific filesystem directory Acme\ src/ PCOGURCEG FKTGEVQT[
88. Standards PSR PSR-4 Autoloader Strategy : Mapping the top-level namespace prefix to a specific filesystem directory Acme\ src/ PCOGURCEG FKTGEVQT[ Acme\Something src/Something UWDFKTGEVQT[ UWDPCOGURCEG
89. Standards PSR <?php namespace Acme\Something class A { } src/ |-- Something/ |-- A.php
90. Standards PSR <?php namespace Acme\Something class A { } src/ |-- Something/ |-- A.php
91. Standards PSR … "autoload": { "classmap": [ "database" ], }, … composer.json Laravel is using PSR-4 : "psr-4": { "App\\": "app/" }
92. Standards PSR … "autoload": { "classmap": [ "database" ], }, … composer.json Laravel is using PSR-4 : "psr-4": { "App\\": "app/" }
93. Component oriented development definiton A component is a bundle of code that helps solve a specific problem
94. Component oriented development definiton A component is a bundle of code that helps solve a specific problem Good components are :
95. Component oriented development definiton A component is a bundle of code that helps solve a specific problem Good components are : • Laser-focused • Small • Cooperative • Well-tested • Well-documented
96. Component oriented development definiton A component is a bundle of code that helps solve a specific problem Good components are : • Laser-focused • Small • Cooperative • Well-tested • Well-documented %QORQPGPVUXU(TCOGYQTMU
97. Components Where to find them? https://packagist.org Find components :
98. Components Where to find them? http://packalyst.com/ Laravel-only components :
99. Components How to install them?
100. Composer definition Take care of package download and autoload
101. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload
102. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG
103. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG Composer
104. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG Packagist HGVEJGUVJGRCEMCIG Composer
105. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG Packagist HGVEJGUVJGRCEMCIG Composer GitHub HKPFUVJGTGRQ74.
106. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG Packagist HGVEJGUVJGRCEMCIG Composer GitHub HKPFUVJGTGRQ74. FGVGTOKPGURCEMCIG XGTUKQP
107. Composer definition Works hand-in-hand with Packagist Take care of package download and autoload +YCPVVJG guzzlehttp/guzzle RCEMCIG Packagist HGVEJGUVJGRCEMCIG Composer GitHub HKPFUVJGTGRQ74. FGVGTOKPGURCEMCIG XGTUKQP Project FQYPNQCFUVJGRCEMCIG CPFKVUFGRGPFGPEKGU
108. guzzlehttp/guzzle Composer usage
109. guzzlehttp/guzzle Composer usage CWVJQTPCOG
110. guzzlehttp/guzzle Composer usage CWVJQTPCOG RCEMCIGPCOG
111. Composer composer.json { "name": "zianwar/fancyapp", "description": "My fancy app", "keywords": ["morocco", "fancy", "hh"], "homepage": "http://fancyapp.com", "license": "MIT", "authors": [ { "name": "Anwar Ziani", "homepage": "https://github.com/zianwar", "role": "Artisan" } ], "support": { "email": "anwaar.ziani@gmail.com" }, "require": { "php" : ">=5.4.0", "guzzlehttp/guzzle": "~5.0" }, "require-dev": { “phpunit/phpunit": "~4.3" }, "suggest": { "league/flysystem": "~1.0" }, "autoload": { "psr-4": { "FancyApp\\": "src/" } } }
112. Composer composer.json { "name": "zianwar/fancyapp", "description": "My fancy app", "keywords": ["morocco", "fancy", "hh"], "homepage": "http://fancyapp.com", "license": "MIT", "authors": [ { "name": "Anwar Ziani", "homepage": "https://github.com/zianwar", "role": "Artisan" } ], "support": { "email": "anwaar.ziani@gmail.com" }, "require": { "php" : ">=5.4.0", "guzzlehttp/guzzle": "~5.0" }, "require-dev": { “phpunit/phpunit": "~4.3" }, "suggest": { "league/flysystem": "~1.0" }, "autoload": { "psr-4": { "FancyApp\\": "src/" } } } getcomposer.org . NGCTPOQTG CDQWVEQORQUGTCV
113. Composer composer.json Laravel’s composer.json file :
114. Composer composer.json
115. Resources
116. Resources Modern PHP New Features and Good Practices - By Josh Lockhart
117. Resources Modern PHP New Features and Good Practices - By Josh Lockhart https://github.com/ziadoz/awesome-php A curated list of amazingly awesome PHP libraries, resources and shiny things.
118. Resources Modern PHP New Features and Good Practices - By Josh Lockhart https://github.com/ziadoz/awesome-php A curated list of amazingly awesome PHP libraries, resources and shiny things. https://github.com/phptodayorg/php-must-watch List of interesting conference talks and videos on PHP
119. Resources Modern PHP New Features and Good Practices - By Josh Lockhart https://github.com/ziadoz/awesome-php A curated list of amazingly awesome PHP libraries, resources and shiny things. https://github.com/phptodayorg/php-must-watch List of interesting conference talks and videos on PHP https://laracasts.com/ The best PHP screencasts on the web
121. Thank you